Wiktionary

ros

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ros"

Catalan

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Inherited from Old Catalan ros, from Latin russus, derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-. Compare Occitan ros, French roux, Spanish rojo.

Pronunciation

edit

Adjective

edit

ros (feminine rossa, masculine plural rossos, feminine plural rosses)

  1. blond
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 2

edit

Inherited from Latin rōs, used as a neuter. Compare the form rou.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

ros m (plural rosos)

  1. (dialectal, Valencia, archaic) dew
    Synonyms: rosada, rou
edit

Etymology 3

edit

Named after general Ros Olano.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

ros m (plural rossos)

  1. a particular type of military cap, introduced by General Ros de Olano in the Spanish Army in the XIX century.

Etymology 4

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

ros

  1. plural of ro (“rho (Greek letter)”)

References

edit

Cornish

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Proto-Brythonic *rrod, from Proto-Celtic *rotos, from Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂os.

Noun

edit

ros f (plural rosow)

  1. wheel

Etymology 2

edit

From Proto-Brythonic *rros, from Proto-Celtic *ɸrostos.

Noun

edit

ros f (plural rosyow)

  1. heathland

Etymology 3

edit

Noun

edit

ros f (singulative rosen)

  1. roses

Dalmatian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Latin russus, derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-. Compare Occitan ros, French roux, Friulian ros.

Adjective

edit

ros

  1. red

Danish

edit

Verb

edit

ros

  1. imperative of rose

Dutch

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Middle Dutch ros, from Old Dutch ros, hors, from Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”). Doublet of kar.

Alternative forms

edit

Noun

edit

ros n (plural rossen, diminutive rosje n)

  1. horse
    Synonym: paard
  2. steed
Derived terms
edit
Descendants
edit
  • Afrikaans: ros
  • ⇒ Dutch: rossen (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)
    • → West Frisian: rosse (verb)

Etymology 2

edit

Adjective

edit

ros (comparative rosser, superlative meest ros or rost)

  1. of an impure red color; reddish
    de rosse buurt
    the red-light district
  2. ginger, red-haired
Declension
edit
Declension of ros
uninflected ros
inflected rosse
comparative rosser
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial ros rosser het rost
het roste
indefinite m./f. sing. rosse rossere roste
n. sing. ros rosser roste
plural rosse rossere roste
definite rosse rossere roste
partitive ros rossers —
Derived terms
edit

Franco-Provençal

edit

Etymology

edit

From Latin russus.

Adjective

edit

ros (feminine rossa, masculine plural ros, feminine plural rosses) (ORB, broad)

  1. red
    Synonym: rojo

Derived terms

edit

References

edit
  • ros in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

Friulian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Latin russus.

Adjective

edit

ros

  1. red

Derived terms

edit

Irish

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Old Irish ros (“linseed”).[1]

Noun

edit

ros m (genitive singular rois)

  1. linseed, flaxseed
    Synonym: ros lín
Declension
edit
Declension of ros

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative ros
Vocative a rois
Genitive rois
Dative ros

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an ros
Genitive an rois
Dative leis an ros

don ros

Derived terms
edit

Etymology 2

edit

From Old Irish ros (“wood, promontory”),[2] from Proto-Celtic *ɸrostos, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“before”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”).

Noun

edit

ros m (genitive singular rosa, nominative plural rosa)

  1. wood, wooded headland
    Synonym: coill
  2. (geography) headland, promontory
    Synonyms: rinn, scoth, léim
Declension
edit
Declension of ros

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative ros rosa
Vocative a ros a rosa
Genitive rosa ros
Dative ros rosa

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an ros na rosa
Genitive an rosa na ros
Dative leis an ros

don ros

leis na rosa
Derived terms
edit

Mutation

edit
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
ros not applicable not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

edit
  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 ros (‘linseed, flaxseed’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ros (‘wood, headland’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

edit

Latin

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁roseh₂ (“dew”), itself possibly a derivative of *h₁ers- (“to flow”). Cognate with Sanskrit रसा (rásā, “moisture, humidity”), Ancient Greek ἐξεράω (exeráō, “pour out”), Lithuanian rasà (“dew”), Serbo-Croatian rosa／роса (“dew”).[1]

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

rōs m (genitive rōris); third declension

  1. dew
  2. moisture
  3. rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus, syn. Rosmarinus officinalis)
    • 690–750, Excerpta ex libro glossarum published in the Corpus glossariorum latinorum V page 179, 6
      Citisum genus arboris quasi catanum erba odoribera uergilius et uix humiles apibus casias rorem que
      Cytisus is a kind of tree like juniper a sweet-smelling herb, greener and hardly serving the bees in comparison to furzes and rosemary.

Declension

edit

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative rōs rōrēs
Genitive rōris rōrum
Dative rōrī rōribus
Accusative rōrem rōrēs
Ablative rōre rōribus
Vocative rōs rōrēs

Derived terms

edit

Descendants

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 526-7

Lower Sorbian

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

ros

  1. second-person singular imperative of rosć

Mauritian Creole

edit

Etymology

edit

From French roche.

Noun

edit

ros

  1. rock, stone

References

edit
  • Baker, Philip & Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. 1987. Dictionnaire de créole mauricien. Morisyen – English – Français

Middle English

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Noun

edit

ros

  1. plural of ro (“roe deer”)

Etymology 2

edit

Verb

edit

ros

  1. Alternative form of rosen (“to boast”)

Mokilese

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Oceanic *rodrom (“dark, cloudy”), from Proto-Austronesian *demdem (“gloom, darkness”)

Noun

edit

ros

  1. darkness

Derived terms

edit

References

edit
edit

Norwegian Bokmål

edit

Verb

edit

ros

  1. passive form of ro

Norwegian Nynorsk

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From the verb rosa (“to praise”), from Old Norse hrósa. Prior to the spelling reform of 1959, this noun was considered grammatically feminine or neuter. The revision made non-standard the definite singular forms rosa, rosi, and roset.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

ros m (definite singular rosen, uncountable)

  2. praise
    • 1875, Elias Blix, “Med Jesus”, in Nokre Salmar [Some hymns], 3rd edition, page 25:
      Det er mi høgste Æra, // det er mi største Ros // hans Fylgjesvein at vera // og vandra i hans Ljos.
      It is my highest honour, // it is my highest praise: // to be a His disciple // and wander in His light.
    • 1992, Arne Ruset, Den svarte kista, pages 85–86:
      Sophies Minde vart flau av all rosen, og gav noko nebbete uttrykk for at no heldt det lenge.
      Sophies Minde got embarrassed by all the praise, and expressed somewhat snarkily that this would be enough for a good while.

Verb

edit

ros

  1. imperative of rosa

Etymology 2

edit

From Old Norse rǫs, plural of ras n, whence also the more common doublet of ras.

Alternative forms

edit
  • ròs (alternative spelling)

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

ros f (definite singular rosa, indefinite plural roser, definite plural rosene)

  2. an avalanche, a landslide, a slip
    Synonym: skred
  3. cavity left in place of the masses displaced by such an avalanche, landslide or other
  5. a scratch in the skin

Etymology 3

edit
 
mann med ros i andletet

After German Rose, from Old High German rōsa, from Latin rosa. Doublet of rose.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

ros f (definite singular rosa, uncountable)

  2. (pathology) erysipelas
    Synonym: (more common) rosen

References

edit

Occitan

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Occitan ros, from Latin russus, derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.

Pronunciation

edit
  • Audio:(file)

Adjective

edit

ros m (feminine singular rossa, masculine plural rosses, feminine plural rossas)

  1. russet

References

edit

Old Irish

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Proto-Celtic *ɸrostos, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“before”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”). The same construction as Sanskrit प्रस्थ (prastha, “plateau”), but probably coined separately in the two languages.[1]

Noun

edit

ros m (genitive ruis, nominative plural ruis)

  1. A promontory.
  2. A wood.
    • c. 900, Sanas Cormaic, from the Yellow Book of Lecan, Corm. Y 1079
      ross .i. trēde fordingair .i. ros fidbuide, […]
      wood, that is, a triad of meanings, that is, a wood of yellow trees, […]
Inflection
edit
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ros rosL ruisL
Vocative ruis rosL rusuH
Accusative rosN rosL rusuH
Genitive ruisL ros rosN
Dative rusL rosaib rosaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants
edit
  • Irish: ros (“wood”)
  • Scottish Gaelic: ros (“promontory”)

Etymology 2

edit

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥so-, which is most likely a borrowing from a non-Indo-European language. See also Latin porrum (“leek”), English furze, and possibly Ancient Greek πράσον (práson, “leek”).[2]

Noun

edit

ros m (genitive ruis, nominative plural ruis)

  1. A linseed.
    • c. 900, Sanas Cormaic, from the Yellow Book of Lecan, Corm. Y 1079
      ros līn
      linseed
  2. A flax - or other small seed.
Inflection
edit
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ros rosL ruisL
Vocative ruis rosL rusuH
Accusative rosN rosL rusuH
Genitive ruisL ros rosN
Dative rusL rosaib rosaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants
edit
  • Irish: ros (“linseed”)
  • Scottish Gaelic: ros (“linseed”)

Mutation

edit
Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
ros
also rros after a proclitic
ending in a vowel 		ros
pronounced with /r(ʲ)-/ 		unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 142
  2. ^ MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “ros”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎[1], Stirling, →ISBN, page ros

Romanian

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Latin rōsus.

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

ros (past participle of roade)

  1. past participle of roade

Adjective

edit

ros m or n (feminine singular roasă, masculine plural roși, feminine and neuter plural roase)

  1. gnawed, eaten away at
  2. eroded, consumed
  3. (of clothes) careworn, threadbare, shabby, seedy, frayed

Declension

edit
Declension of ros
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite ros roasă roși roase
definite rosul roasa roșii roasele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite ros roase roși roase
definite rosului roasei roșilor roaselor
edit

Scottish Gaelic

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Old Irish ros (“linseed”).

Noun

edit

ros m (genitive singular rois, plural rosan)

  1. linseed, flax seed

Etymology 2

edit

From Old Irish ros (“wood, promontory”), from Proto-Celtic *ɸrostos, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“before”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”).

Noun

edit

ros m (genitive singular rois, plural rosan)

  1. promontory, peninsula, isthmus

References

edit

Seychellois Creole

edit

Etymology

edit

From French roche.

Noun

edit

ros

  1. rock, stone

References

edit
  • Danielle D’Offay et Guy Lionnet, Diksyonner Kreol - Franse / Dictionnaire Créole Seychellois - Français

Spanish

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈros/ [ˈros]
  • Rhymes: -os
  • Syllabification: ros

Etymology 1

edit

Named after Antonio Ros de Olano (1808–1886), a Spanish general who introduced the hat into the Spanish army

Noun

edit

ros m (plural roses)

  1. a type of military hat, similar to a shako

Etymology 2

edit

Noun

edit

ros m pl

  1. plural of ro

Further reading

edit

Sranan Tongo

edit

Etymology

edit

Borrowed from Dutch rossen.

Verb

edit

ros

  1. to beat up, to give a beating

Swedish

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Old Swedish ros‚ from Middle Low German rose, from Latin rosa.

Noun

edit

ros c

  1. a rose; a flower, a shrub, also as heraldic charge
    • 1963, Arne Qvick (lyrics and music), “Rosen [The rose]”‎[4]:
      Ty just nu idag, så köpte jag, en liten ros i en blomsteraffär. En ros röd som blod, så att du förstod, att det är dig som jag håller kär.
      For just now today, I bought, a small rose in a flower shop. A rose red as blood, so that you understood, that it is you that I hold dear.
  2. praise, acclaim
    Antonym: ris
    Spelet har fått mycket ros av kritikerna
    The game has received much critical acclaim
    ris och ros
    praise and criticism (idiomatic – also the name of a readers' section in some newspapers (for commending or criticizing))
Declension
edit
Declension of ros
nominative genitive
singular indefinite ros ros
definite rosen rosens
plural indefinite rosor rosors
definite rosorna rosornas
Derived terms
edit
edit
Descendants
edit

Etymology 2

edit

Noun

edit

ros

  1. indefinite genitive singular of ro

Etymology 3

edit

Verb

edit

ros

  1. passive infinitive of ro
  2. present passive of ro

References

edit

Anagrams

edit

Tok Pisin

edit

Etymology

edit

From German Rost.

Noun

edit

ros

  1. rust

Zoogocho Zapotec

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Borrowed from Spanish arroz, from Andalusian Arabic الرَّوْز (ar-rawz), from Arabic أَرُزّ (ʔaruzz, “rice”), from Ancient Greek ὄρυζᾰ (óruza).

Noun

edit

ros

  1. rice

Etymology 2

edit

Borrowed from Spanish rosa, from Latin rosa.

Noun

edit

ros

  1. rose
Derived terms
edit

References

edit
  • Long C., Rebecca, Cruz M., Sofronio (2000) Diccionario zapoteco de San Bartolomé Zoogocho, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 38)‎[5] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 270
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=ros&oldid=82298266"