巻号一覧
30 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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ラジオオートグラフィーによる貝殻およびその形成組織中の45Caの追跡和田 浩爾1964 年 30 巻 5 号 p. 385-392
発行日: 1964/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1) The localization of 45Ca in the mantle and on inner shell surface was determined for several marine molluscs with radioautographic stripping film, and discussed calcification of shell in special reference to mineralization and crystalline structure of shell.
2) Specific and local differences of calcium deposition revealed in amount and mode on the inner surface of a shell of experimental specimens and whereby specific patterns might result.
3) Specific pattern suggested the mode of development and formation of shell, while local pattern took place in close connection with crystalline structure in the corresponding areas and appeared to be characterized depending on tension and elongation of mantle tissue.
4) High concentration of 45Ca was localized in epithelium and sub-epithelium of mantle.
5) The presence of 45Ca was detected in mucus excreted through outer epithelium.
6) In all specimens, muscle impressions indicated the smallest amount of calcium deposition in a whole surface of a shell.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2227K) -
45Caのメタクロマー物質への選択的定着和田 浩爾1964 年 30 巻 5 号 p. 393-399
発行日: 1964/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1) The selective fixation of 45Ca in deposits formed on coverslip preparations obtained in several marine molluscs was investigated with radioautographic stripping film, and the mineralization of the organic matrix, especially the nucleation of mineral phase, was discussed on the basis of the obtained results.
2) The labeled calcium may be selectively localized in the acid mucopolysaccharides in the organic matrix, and deposit concentrically in the metachromatic organic crystals from which a remarkable large polycrystalline appears to be crystallized before long.
3) It was supposed that the metachromatic substances combined with certain amino acid side groups in the conchiolin protein may act as the specific sites for the crystal nucleation under certain conditions.
4) The distribution of 45Ca within mineral crystals may indicate the mode of crystal growth.
5) The metachromatic organic crystals revealed the reticulated structure resembledd to that of the Pinctada shell conchiolin and were essentially similar to the underlying ground matrix on morphological viewpoint.
The author expresses his sincere thanks to Prof. Dr. Toshio SUDOU of Tokyo University of Education for his useful advices and encouragement.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2363K) -
小林 久雄, 前田 孟1964 年 30 巻 5 号 p. 400-406
発行日: 1964/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper the authors describe a conclusion regarding the result of comparative ob-servations on the pharyngeal bones and their teeth in four subfamilies, eighteen genera and thirty species of Japanese cyprinids.
Though there are some variations, relative length of the pharyngeal is fairly constant, and pharyngeal bone length in standard body length of the fish will make one of specific characters of the fish (Table 1).
In all Japanese cyprinids, the rate of the breadth in the length of pharyngeal bones is in the range of 5.2 ?? 3.0 In general, fishes with long pharyngeals tend to be carnivorous, or fishes with short and broad pharyngeals are usually inclined to be herbivorous (Table 2).
The length of posterior and anterior limbs equal in length in almost all species, or the former slightly longer than the latter, while the anterior limbs longer than the posterior ones in five species of leuciscine fishes.
The rate of elongation to anterior direction of pitted surface of the pharyngeal will make one of specific characters of the fish.
In all species, pharyngeal bones of the fish always having anterior angle, but posterior angle indistinct or not to be found.
Pharyngeal bones having one to three rows of teeth. In the first row with three to five teeth, the second row without or with one to five teeth and the third row without or with two teeth. (Table 5-7)
The authors have established a key to Japanese cyprinids subfamilies according to the characters of pharyngeal bones and their teeth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (485K) -
井上 正昭1964 年 30 巻 5 号 p. 407-412
発行日: 1964/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe daily amount of food required by the Japanese spiny lobster has been studied to gather information in relation to its cultivation. The principal objective of the present work is to describe the relation between food intake and body weight as well as the influence of temperature upon food intake. Experiments was performed during the period from August 1958 to October 1961 on the lobsters of different body weights (raging from 50 to 300 gramms) which were kept in separate cage, being fed with fresh fish meat. The data obtained were summerized as shown in (Table 1).
1) The amount of food taken by a lobster in an over-night time changes with body weight and temperature of water. The relation between the amount of food (F gr.) and body weight (W gr.) can be expressed by the formula, F=aWb. Here a and b are constants, whose values depend upon the temperature of water as shown in (Table 2). The rate of feed-ing indicated by F/W×100 inversely changes with body weight.
2) In each group of the lobsters of different body weights, the amount of food rexuired regularly varies temperature (T°C) and another formula, F=c log T+d, may be fitted to their relation. Both c and d are constants, which depend upon the body weight. In such a case when F=0, the ualues of T calculated from this formula on the lobsters of 50 and 300 gramms in body weight come to 15.2 and 16.2°C respectively, while the lobster kept in la-boratory tank stopped to take diet when the temperature dropped to nearly 12°C.
3) Summerizing the figures calculated from the above-mentioned two formulos, the re-lation between feeding rate, body weight and temperature was given as shown in (Fig. 3).
4) The influence of moon light upon the food intake of the lobster was observe, that is, the amount of food required decreased in the full-moon night.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (357K) -
アルギン酸抽出液中の着色々素について原田 悠三1964 年 30 巻 5 号 p. 413-418
発行日: 1964/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーVarious experiements are carried out so as to throw light on the pigments dissolved in alginate solution extracted with alkali solution, and results obtained are as follows:
1. The degree of colouring of alginate solution extracted with sodium carbonate is in-creased according to the rise of alkali concentration, extraction time and extraction tempera-ture. (Fig. 1, 2 and 3). The degree of colouring in the extracted solution increases in pro-portion to the yield of sodium alginate (Table 1).
2. The pigments which caused colouring in the extracted solution of alginic acid are ex-tracted with 60 per cent methanol (Table 2).
3. The degree of colouring of the pigments solution extracted with methanol increases by heating together with alkali, but not by heatiag together with acid (Fig. 4). The degree of colouring is increased by the dissolved oxygen in the presence of alkali (Table 5).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (355K) -
エイコサペンタエン酸およびドコサヘキサエン酸の効果比較金田 尚志, 荒井 君枝, 徳田 節子1964 年 30 巻 5 号 p. 419-423
発行日: 1964/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn a previous work1) the cuttlefish liver oil proved effective to reduce plasma cholesterol of rats. Problems arising from the study are if each of the two major highly unsaturated fatty acids of the oil, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, is as effective as the other for cholesterol metabolism, and if these fatty acids follow the same reduction mechanism as that of linoleic acid. To examine these points rats were fed ad lib. for 12 weeks with either a fat-free diet, a diet containing 50 mg methyl eicosapentaenoate or the same amount of methyl docosahexaenoate separated from cuttlefish liver oil, with or without (1%) cholesterol. The results indicated that eicosapentaenoic acid could reduce plasma cholesterol more than docosahexaenoic acid. The reduction mechanism of each of these fatty acids, however, looks different from that of linoleic acid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (297K) -
蛋白消化酵素篠野 雄一, 大田 道子1964 年 30 巻 5 号 p. 424-429
発行日: 1964/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis study was undertaken to re-examine the widely accepted view that the pancreas of whale has far lower proteolytic enzyme activity compared with those of domestic animals.
Pancreas of two kinds of whale, fin whale and sperm whale, were minced, freeze-dried, defatted with ether, and pulverized. Samples thus obtained were then analyzed for proteoly-tic activity under various conditions according to the Japan. Pharmacopoeia7).
It was found that the fin whale sample needs fairly longer time for activation of proteo-lytic enzyme than land mammalian ones, and is not essentially different in the final activity from the latter, though the sperm whale sample shows only poor activity even after far longer time of standing (Fig. 1). Effect of the concentration of the sample upon the activation is remarkable (Fig. 2). Effect of several inorganic ions upon the activation was also examined: KCI, NaCl, CaCO
and CaSO
, accelerate to some extent the activation, while the others, mainly heavy metal salts, markedly inhibit it (Figs. 3 and 4). Then some experiments were carried out in effort to shorten the activation time of pro-teolytic enzyme. Neither the autolysis of, nor the additions of enterokinase and the whale small intestines to, the minced pancreas, seems not very effective in this respect (Figs. 5-7). Addition of the pig small intestines is, however, so effective that the maximum activity can be reached within 1 hr. after standing (Fig. 8).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (312K) -
天野 慶之, 山田 金次郎1964 年 30 巻 5 号 p. 430-435
発行日: 1964/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe muscle tissues of three gadoid fish including cod, Alaska pollock, and Japanese hake, tested after defrosting from frozen state, indicated the increase in the amount of formaldehyde with a parallel increase of dimethylamine during a storage at the temperature of 1 to 4C. And, a possibility of enzymatic formation of formaldehyde in gadoid fish was discussed.
The writers are deeply indebted to Dr. T. ABE, ichthiologist of this laboratory, for his help by supplying the samples of Japanese hake with his taxonomical identification.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (274K) -
アサクサノリPorphyra tenera K.のCarotenoidsについて片山 輝久1964 年 30 巻 5 号 p. 436-439
発行日: 1964/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCarotenoids are reported to have a number of functions in photosynthetic and phototactic organisms. Carotenoids protect the cell from photodynamic destruction. By adsorbing light in the region where absorption by chlorophyll is low and transferring this energy to chloro-phyll. It has also been confirmed that carotenoids play a role in the transport of oxygen.
Carotenoids of Porphyra tenera K. were separated by using column chromatography (1st column: Microcel-C, developing solvent; 10% acetone in petroleum ether, 2nd column; Mag-nesium oxide: supercel-celeit, 1:2, developing solvent; 3 % or 2.5 % acetone in petroleum ether)
1, The principle carotenoid of Porphyra tenera K. was β-carotene which accounts for 60 % of the carotenoids present.
2. Small amounts of lutein, α-carotene, zeaxanthin and unconfirmed xanthophyll were also present.
3. No epoxide was present.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (927K) -
片山 輝久1964 年 30 巻 5 号 p. 440-443
発行日: 1964/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA method for separation of small amounts of carotenoids has been desired and paper chromatography and thin layer chromatography seemed to be the best prospect among the available techniques.
Circular chromatography and thin layer chromatography have advantages of simplicity of apparatus, speed, reproductivity and particular suitability.
1. Carotenoids can be separated finely by thin layer chromatography with silica gel as adsorbent, but epoxides turn to be furanoid oxides while developing. So to the samples which contain epoxides this silica gel thin layer chromatography can not be applicable.
2. Carotenes can be separated and determined quantitatively by thin layer chromatography with magnesium oxide as adsorbent.
3. Xanthophylls can not be separated by the circular chromatography of Kieselguhr paper, but it was difficult to separate zeaxanthin from lutein and after extracting zeaxanthin and lutein band, zeaxanthin was separated from lutein by the circular chromatography of magnesium oxide paper.
Carotenes can be separated easily by the circular chromatography of magnesium oxide paper.
4. The incorporation of 2-C14-mevalonic acid into carotenoids in green peaches and apricats was noticed by circular chromatography and developing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (956K)
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