ти
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Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ти • (ti) (personal, possessive)
- You, thou; the second-person singular pronoun in the nominative case, used as the subject of a verb.
- Ти си по-нисък от мен.
- Ti si po-nisǎk ot men.
- You are shorter than me.
- Ти не говориш английски.
- Ti ne govoriš anglijski.
- You don't speak English.
- Short form of the second-person singular pronoun in the dative case, used as the indirect object of a verb; to you, for you, you.
- Ще ти дам книгата.
- Šte ti dam knigata.
- I'll give you the book.
- Мислех, че ти е казала.
- Misleh, če ti e kazala.
- I thought she told you.
- Студено ли ти е?
- Studeno li ti e?
- Are you cold?
- Short form of the second-person singular possessive pronoun; your.
- Това ли е къщата ти?
- Tova li e kǎštata ti?
- Is that your house?
- Харесвам новата ти кола.
- Haresvam novata ti kola.
- I like your new car.
Usage notes
[edit]- The personal pronoun ти (ti) is comparable to French tu, German du, and is used only with family and intimate friends. For most occasions, the formal Вие (Vie) should be used instead.
Related terms
[edit]Bulgarian personal pronouns
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative (subject) |
Accusative (direct complement) |
Dative (indirect complement) |
Prepositional | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Full | Short | Full | Short | |||||
Singular | First | — | аз (az) | мен (men) ме́не (méne) |
ме (me) | ме́не (méne) | ми (mi) | мен (men) ме́не (méne) |
Second | Informal | ти (ti) | теб (teb) те́бе (tébe) |
те (te) | те́бе (tébe) | ти (ti) | теб (teb) те́бе (tébe) | |
Formal | Ви́е (Víe) | Вас (Vas) | Ви (Vi) | Вам (Vam) | Ви (Vi) | Вас (Vas) | ||
Third | Masculine | той (toj) | не́го (négo) | го (go) | не́му (nému) | му (mu) | не́го (négo) | |
Feminine | тя (tja) | не́я (néja) | я (ja) | ней (nej) | ѝ (ì) | не́я (néja) | ||
Neuter | то (to) | не́го (négo) | го (go) | не́му (nému) | му (mu) | не́го (négo) | ||
Plural | First | — | ни́е (níe) ний (nij) |
нас (nas) | ни (ni) | нам (nam) | ни (ni) | нас (nas) |
Second | Informal | ви́е (víe) вий (vij) |
вас (vas) | ви (vi) | вам (vam) | ви (vi) | вас (vas) | |
Formal | Ви́е (Víe) | Вас (Vas) | Ви (Vi) | Вам (Vam) | Ви (Vi) | Вас (Vas) | ||
Third | — | те (te) | тях (tjah) | ги (gi) | тям (tjam) | им (im) | тях (tjah) |
Bulgarian possessive pronouns
Possessor | Possessee | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Person | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | Short form | ||||||
indefinite | definite subject form | definite object form | indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||||
Singular | First | мой (moj) | мо́ят (mójat) | мо́я (mója) | мо́я (mója) | мо́ята (mójata) мо́йта (mójta) |
мо́е (móe) | мо́ето (móeto) мо́йто (mójto) |
мо́и (mói) | мо́ите (móite) мо́йте (mójte) |
ми (mi) | |
Second | Informal | твой (tvoj) | тво́ят (tvójat) | тво́я (tvója) | тво́я (tvója) | тво́ята (tvójata) тво́йта (tvójta) |
тво́е (tvóe) | тво́ето (tvóeto) тво́йто (tvójto) |
тво́и (tvói) | тво́ите (tvóite) тво́йте (tvójte) |
ти (ti) | |
Formal | Ваш (Vaš) | Ва́шият (Vášijat) | Ва́шия (Vášija) | Ва́ша (Váša) | Ва́шата (Vášata) Ва́шта (Vášta) |
Ва́ше (Váše) | Ва́шето (Vášeto) Ва́што (Vášto) |
Ва́ши (Váši) | Ва́шите (Vášite) Ва́ште (Vášte) |
Ви (Vi) | ||
Third | Masculine | не́гов (négov) | не́говият (négovijat) | не́говия (négovija) | не́гова (négova) | не́говата (négovata) | не́гово (négovo) | не́говото (négovoto) | не́гови (négovi) | не́говите (négovite) | му (mu) | |
Feminine | не́ин (néin) | не́йният (néjnijat) | не́йния (néjnija) | не́йна (néjna) | не́йната (néjnata) | не́йно (néjno) | не́йното (néjnoto) | не́йни (néjni) | не́йните (néjnite) | ѝ (ì) | ||
Neuter | не́гов (négov) | не́говият (négovijat) | не́говия (négovija) | не́гова (négova) | не́говата (négovata) | не́гово (négovo) | не́говото (négovoto) | не́гови (négovi) | не́говите (négovite) | му (mu) | ||
Plural | First | наш (naš) | на́шият (nášijat) | на́шия (nášija) | на́ша (náša) | на́шата (nášata) на́шта (nášta) |
на́ше (náše) | на́шето (nášeto) на́што (nášto) |
на́ши (náši) | на́шите (nášite) на́ште (nášte) |
ни (ni) | |
Second | Informal | ваш (vaš) | ва́шият (vášijat) | ва́шия (vášija) | ва́ша (váša) | ва́шата (vášata) ва́шта (vášta) |
ва́ше (váše) | ва́шето (vášeto) ва́што (vášto) |
ва́ши (váši) | ва́шите (vášite) ва́ште (vášte) |
ви (vi) | |
Formal | Ваш (Vaš) | Ва́шият (Vášijat) | Ва́шия (Vášija) | Ва́ша (Váša) | Ва́шата (Vášata) Ва́шта (Vášta) |
Ва́ше (Váše) | Ва́шето (Vášeto) Ва́што (Vášto) |
Ва́ши (Váši) | Ва́шите (Vášite) Ва́ште (Vášte) |
Ви (Vi) | ||
Third | те́хен (téhen) | те́хният (téhnijat) | те́хния (téhnija) | тя́хна (tjáhna) | тя́хната (tjáhnata) | тя́хно (tjáhno) | тя́хното (tjáhnoto) | те́хни (téhni) | те́хните (téhnite) | им (im) | ||
Reflexive | свой (svoj) | сво́ят (svójat) | сво́я (svója) | сво́я (svója) | сво́ята (svójata) сво́йта (svójta) |
сво́е (svóe) | сво́ето (svóeto) сво́йто (svójto) |
сво́и (svói) | сво́ите (svóite) сво́йте (svójte) |
си (si) |
Macedonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ти • (ti)
- (informal singular) you
Usage notes
[edit]- The personal pronoun ти (ti) is comparable to the Italian tu or the German du and is used only with family, closer friends, and younger people (especially ones of a lower status). On other occasions, the formal Вие (Vie) should be used instead instead.
Declension
[edit]Declension of ти
singular | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | reflexive | |
subject | јас | ти | тој, таа, тоа | — |
direct object (long) | мене | тебе | него, неа, него | себе |
direct object (short) | ме | те | го, ја, го | се |
indirect object (long) | мене | тебе | нему, нејзе, нему | себе |
indirect object (short) | ми | ти | му, ѝ, му | си |
possessive | мој | твој | негов, нејзин, негов | свој |
plural | ||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | reflexive | |
subject | ние | вие | тие | — |
direct object (long) | нас | вас | нив | себе |
direct object (short) | нѐ | ве | ги | се |
indirect object (long) | нам | вам | ним | себе |
indirect object (short) | ни | ви | им | си |
possessive | наш | ваш | нивен | свој |
See also
[edit]Pannonian Rusyn
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Slovak ty, from Proto-Slavic *ty.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ти (ti)
Declension
[edit]Declension of Pannonian Rusyn personal pronouns
singular | plural | reflexive | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||||||
m | n | f | |||||||||
nominative | я (ja) |
ти (ti) |
вон (von) |
воно (vono) |
вона (vona) |
ми (mi) |
ви (vi) |
вони (voni) |
|||
genitive | мнє, ме 1 (mnje, me) |
тебе, це 1 (tebe, ce) |
його 1, нього 2, ньго 2, го 1 (joho, nʹoho, nʹho, ho) |
єй 1, нєй 2 (jej, njej) |
нас (nas) |
вас (vas) |
їх 1, нїх 2, их 3 (jix, njix, ix) |
себе (sebe) | |||
dative | мнє, ми (mnje, mi) |
тебе, ци (tebe, ci) |
йому 4, ньому 2, му (jomu, nʹomu, mu) |
єй, нєй 2 (jej, njej) |
нам (nam) |
вам (vam) |
їм 4, нїм 2, им 3 (jim, njim, im) |
себе (sebe) | |||
accusative | мнє, ме (mnje, me) |
тебе, це (tebe, ce) |
його 4, нього 2, ньго 2, го (joho, nʹoho, nʹho, ho) |
ю, ню 2 (ju, nju) |
нас (nas) |
вас (vas) |
їх 4, нїх 2, их 3 (jix, njix, ix) |
себе (sebe) | |||
instrumental 5 | мну (mnu) |
тобу (tobu) |
нїм (njim) |
ню (nju) |
нами (nami) |
вами (vami) |
нїма (njima) |
собу (sobu) | |||
locative 5 | мнє (mnje) |
тебе, це (tebe, ce) |
нїм / ньому (njim / n'omu) |
нєй (njej) |
нас (nas) |
вас (vas) |
нїх (njix) |
себе (sebe) | |||
|
Further reading
[edit]- Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “ти”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
Russian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ти • (ti) n inan (indeclinable)
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ти̑ (Latin spelling tȋ)
- you sg
Declension
[edit]Declension of ти
Ukrainian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ти • (ty)
Declension
[edit]Declension of Ukrainian personal pronouns
singular | plural | reflexive | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||||||
m | n | f | |||||||||
nominative | я (ja) |
ти (ty) |
він (vin) |
воно́ (vonó) |
вона́ (voná) |
ми (my) |
ви (vy) |
вони́ (voný) |
|||
genitive | мене́, ме́не* (mené, méne*) |
тебе́, те́бе* (tebé, tébe*) |
його́, ньо́го* (johó, nʹóho*) |
її́, не́ї* (jijí, néji*) |
нас (nas) |
вас (vas) |
їх, них* (jix, nyx*) |
себе́, се́бе* (sebé, sébe*) | |||
dative | мені́ (mení) |
тобі́ (tobí) |
йому́ (jomú) |
їй (jij) |
нам (nam) |
вам (vam) |
їм (jim) |
собі́ (sobí) | |||
accusative | мене́, ме́не* (mené, méne*) |
тебе́, те́бе* (tebé, tébe*) |
його́, ньо́го* (johó, nʹóho*) |
її́, не́ї* (jijí, néji*) |
нас (nas) |
вас (vas) |
їх, них* (jix, nyx*) |
себе́, се́бе* (sebé, sébe*) | |||
instrumental | мно́ю (mnóju) |
тобо́ю (tobóju) |
ним (nym) |
не́ю (néju) |
на́ми (námy) |
ва́ми (vámy) |
ни́ми (nýmy) |
собо́ю (sobóju) | |||
locative | мені́ (mení) |
тобі́ (tobí) |
ньо́му, нім (nʹómu, nim) |
ній (nij) |
нас (nas) |
вас (vas) |
них (nyx) |
собі́ (sobí) | |||
* The alternative forms with stress retraction and with an initial н- (n-) in the third person are used after a preposition. |
References
[edit]- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “ти”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
Categories:
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
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- Pannonian Rusyn terms derived from Old Slovak
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- Rhymes:Pannonian Rusyn/i
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- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
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- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
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- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
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- Rhymes:Ukrainian/ɪ
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