嘆

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 叹, and 歎
嘆 U+5606, 嘆
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5606
← 嘅
[U+5605] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 嘇 →
[U+5607]

嘆 U+FA37, 嘆
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA37
← 喝
[U+FA36] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 器 →
[U+FA38]

嘆 U+2F84C, 嘆
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F84C
← 圖
[U+2F84B] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 圗 →
[U+2F84D]

Translingual

[edit]
Japanese 嘆
Simplified 叹
Traditional 嘆

Alternative forms

[edit]
  • In Traditional Chinese, Japanese kyūjitai, Korean hanja and Vietnamese Hán Nôm, the component 𦰩󠄂 for this character is written with 廿 on top. Note that the bottom portion is written 口 overlapped by 夫 and not 中 on top of 天.
  • In Japanese shinjitai, the component 𦰩 is written either with ⺾ (3 strokes) on top and has one stroke less. Due to Han unification, both traditional Chinese and Japanese shinjitai forms are encoded under the same code point. The appearance of this character will differ depending on the font used.
  • In Simplified Chinese, the component 𦰩󠄂 is simplified to 又 instead, giving the character 叹 (U+53F9).
  • Two compatibility ideographs exist for this character. U+FA37 corresponds to the kyūjitai form of this character while U+2F84C is an alternative form used in Taiwan and North Korea which is similar to Japanese shinjitai but the top right component is written ⺿ (4 strokes) instead of ⺾ (3 strokes).

Han character

[edit]

嘆 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+11 in Chinese, 口+10 in Japanese, 14 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 口廿中人 (RTLO) or 口廿日人 (RTAO), four-corner 64034, composition ⿰口⿱廿⿻口夫(GHTKV or U+FA37) or ⿰口𦰩(J or U+2F84C))

Derived characters

[edit]
[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 205, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4138
  • Dae Jaweon: page 427, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 673, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5606

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 嘆/歎
simp. 叹*
alternative forms 𡂥

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character 嘆
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (暵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
儺 *naːl
臡 *naːl, *neːl, *njeːl
嘆 *n̥ʰaːn, *n̥ʰaːns
灘 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns, *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns
擹 *n̥ʰaːn
攤 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːnʔ, *naːns
癱 *n̥ʰaːn
歎 *n̥ʰaːns
難 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns
暵 *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns
熯 *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns, *njanʔ
漢 *hnaːns
戁 *rnaːnʔ, *njanʔ

Pronunciation

[edit]
Rime
Character 嘆 嘆
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 透 (6) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 寒 (61) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 他干切 他旦切
Baxter than thanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tʰɑn/ /tʰɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tʰɑn/ /tʰɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tʰɑn/ /tʰɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tʰan/ /tʰanH/
Li
Rong 		/tʰɑn/ /tʰɑnH/
Wang
Li 		/tʰɑn/ /tʰɑnH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/tʰɑn/ /tʰɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tān tàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		taan1 taan3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 嘆
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ thanH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*n̥ˁar-s/
English sigh

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 嘆 嘆
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 4890 4895
Phonetic
component 		暵 暵
Rime
group 		元 元
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		灘 炭
Old
Chinese 		/*n̥ʰaːn/ /*n̥ʰaːns/

Definitions

[edit]

嘆

  1. to sigh
    一聲長嘆／一声长叹  ―  yīshēng chángtàn  ―  to heave a deep sigh
    他深深的嘆了一口氣。 [MSC, trad.]
    他深深的叹了一口气。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā shēnshēn de tàn le yī kǒu qì. [Pinyin]
    He let out a deep sigh.
  2. (literary or in compounds) to chant
  3. (literary or in compounds) to praise; to exclaim in admiration
    嘆服／叹服  ―  tànfú  ―  to gasp in admiration
    嘆為觀止／叹为观止  ―  tànwèiguānzhǐ  ―  to gasp in amazement
  4. (grammar) Short for 嘆詞／叹词 (tàncí, “interjection”).
  5. (Cantonese, Nanning Pinghua) to enjoy
    嘆世界／叹世界 [Cantonese]  ―  taan3 sai3 gaai3 [Jyutping]  ―  to enjoy life
    嘆冷氣／叹冷气 [Cantonese]  ―  taan3 laang5 hei3 [Jyutping]  ―  to enjoy air conditioning

Usage notes

[edit]

嘆 is considered a variant form of 歎 in Hong Kong.

Synonyms

[edit]
  • (to sigh):
edit
  • (to chant):
edit
  • (to praise):
edit

Compounds

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]
Shinjitai 嘆
Kyūjitai
[1]
嘆
&#xFA37;
or
嘆+&#xFE00;?
嘆󠄀
嘆+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
嘆󠄃
嘆+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

[edit]
嘆

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 嘆)

  1. to sigh
  2. to lament
  3. to moan
  4. to grieve

Readings

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]
Kanji in this term
嘆
たん
Grade: S
on'yomi
Alternative spellings
嘆 (kyūjitai)
歎

From Middle Chinese 嘆 (MC than|thanH).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

嘆(たん) • (tan) 

  1. sigh

Derived terms

[edit]
Derived terms

References

[edit]
  1. ^ “嘆”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

嘆 (eumhun 탄식할 탄 (tansikhal tan))

  1. Alternative form of 歎 (“hanja form? of 탄 (“sigh”)”)

References

[edit]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

嘆: Hán Việt readings: thán (他(tha)案(án)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4], than[4]
嘆: Nôm readings: than[1][2][3][5][4][6], han[1][2][3][4][7][6], thán[2][5][6], thăn[5][6], hớn[1], hen[3], thơn[3]

  1. Nôm form of than (“to complain”).

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Bonet (1899).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Hồ (1976).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  7. ^ Génibrel (1898).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=嘆&oldid=82509749"