di-
English
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /daɪ/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Etymology 1
editPIE word |
---|
*dwóh₁ |
Borrowed from Latin di-, from Ancient Greek δι- (di-, “two”).
Prefix
edit2 | Previous: | mono- |
---|---|---|
Next: | tri- |
di-
- Two.
- Double, twice the quantity.
- diglossia is the presence of a cleft or doubled tongue, dicatalectic is doubly catalectic, at both the middle and the end of the verse, dichoree is a double choree
- A pair.
- Both, possessing two distinct (possibly opposing) qualities.
- dikinetic is having both metakinetic and mesokinetic joints, dialetheism is the theory that statements can be both true and false at the same time and in the same sense, dianalytic is describing a function that is analytic or antianalytic with regards to both the domain and codomain
Synonyms
editTranslations
edit
|
See also
editEtymology 2
editPrefix
editdi-
- Alternative form of dis-: split, to split; shortened before l, m, n, r, s (followed by a consonant), and v; also often shortened before g, and sometimes before j.
Etymology 3
editBorrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ- (di-), from Ancient Greek δῐά (diá, “through”).
Prefix
editdi-
- Alternative form of dia-: across or through, before a vowel.
- diactinic is capable of transmitting the chemical or actinic rays of light, dielectric is an electrically insulating or nonconducting material considered for its electric susceptibility, ie its property of polarization when exposed to an external electric field
Derived terms
edit- diarginate
- dianhydride
- diandry
- dianion
- diacetate
- dianilido
- diacetyl
- diamidino
- diarginine
- diactivated
- dialkylated
- dialkylation
- dialkene
- dianhydride
- diamide
- diamidine
- diacetal
- diacetoxylation
- diaromatic
- diangle
- diarchy
- diarch
- diallelic
- diamniotic
- diactinal
- diarchy
- diandry
- diantimony
- diarsenic
- dibarium
- diberyllium
- dicadmium
- dicerium
- didysprosium
- dierbium
- dieuropium
- digadolinium
- digallium
- digermanium
- dihafnium
- dihalo
- dihelium
- diholmium
- dihydro
- diindium
- diiridium
- diiron
- dilanthanum
- dilead
- dilithium
- dilutetium
- dimagnesium
- dimanganese
- dimercury
- dimolybdenum
- dineodymium
- dineptunium
- diniobium
- dialuminium
- dichlorine
- dihydroxo
- diadenosine
- dibutyryl
- dicarbamoyl
- dichloro
- dicyano
- didodecyl
- diepoxy
- diethoxy
- diethylene
- diethynyl
- digalactose
- digalactosyl
- digeranyl
- diglycosyl
- diguanosine
- diheptyl
- dihexyl
- diisobutyl
- diisodecyl
- diisononyl
- dilactyl
- dilauroyl
- dilauryl
- dimethylene
- dimyristoyl
- dimyristyl
- dinonyl
- dilactone
- dilaurate
- dimethacrylate
- dimycocerosate
- diacrylate
- dicarboxamide
- diacridine
- dibesylate
- dicarbamate
- diferulate
- dilactate
- diadenylate
- dialkoxide
- dibehenate
- dicarboxaldehyde
- didecenoate
- diepoxide
- digalacturonate
See also
editReferences
edit- “di-”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “di-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
Anagrams
editCatalan
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
Prefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editDanish
editPrefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editDutch
editEtymology
editFrom Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
Pronunciation
editPrefix
editdi-
Esperanto
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editPrefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editFinnish
editEtymology
editInternationalism (see English di-), ultimately from Ancient Greek δι- (di-).
Pronunciation
editPrefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editFrench
editPrefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editGerman
editEtymology
editUltimately from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
Pronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Prefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “di-” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Indonesian
editEtymology
editFrom Malay di-, from Classical Malay di-, from Late Old Malay di-, from Early Old Malay ni-, from Proto-Malayic *ni-, a metathesis of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in- (“verb perfective infix for object focus”). Doublet of -in-.
Pronunciation
editPrefix
editdi-
- (transitive) Patient focus, used in an OVA sentence.
- dimakan ― to be eaten
Derived terms
editItalian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Latin de- (“indicating removal or descent”).
Prefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editFrom Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
Prefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editJavanese
editRomanization
editdi-
- Romanization of ꦢꦶ-
Kongo
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Bantu *di-.
Prefix
editdi- (plural ma-)
- class 5 prefix
- class 5 subject prefix
Latin
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /diː/, [d̪iː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /di/, [d̪i]
Prefix
editdī-
- Alternative form of dis-
Usage notes
editOccurs before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, sc, sp, st, v, and occasionally before consonantal i.
Etymology 2
editBorrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ- (di-), from δίς (dís, “twice, doubly”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /di/, [d̪ɪ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /di/, [d̪i]
Prefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit→ English: di-
Malay
editEtymology
editFrom Late Old Malay ni-, from Early Old Malay ni-, from Proto-Malayic *ni-, a metathesis of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in- (“verb perfective infix for object focus”). Doublet of -in-.
Pronunciation
editPrefix
editdi- (Jawi spelling before consonant-initial stems د-, Jawi spelling before vowel-initial stems دأ-)
- (third person) Patient focus or passive voice marker of a verb.
Usage notes
edit- According to the DBP's prescriptive grammar, this prefix is to be exclusively used in the third person.
- Patient focus sentences in the first and second persons are formed by following the subject of a sentence with the stem form of a verb.
- The difference mentioned above is as so:
- Third person
- Makanan itu ditelan (oleh) dia.
- That food was swallowed by him/her.
- First/Second person
- Aku/Kamu telan makanan itu.
- That food was swallowed by me/you.
- Third person
- The first/second person form of the so-called "patient focus" or "passive voice" sentence is regularly used in informal or everyday speech with an "agent focus" or "active voice" meaning so the example first/second person sentence above can be interpreted as so:
- Aku/Kamu telan makanan itu.
- I/You swallowed that food.
- When the sentence agent appears right after the verb as in "The homework was completed by Adam in three minutes.", it can optionally be preceded by the preposition oleh, so the aforementioned sentence can be translated in the two ways shown below:
- Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan Adam dalam tiga minit.
- Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan oleh Adam dalam tiga minit.
- That homework was completed by Adam in three minutes.
- If the sentence agent does not appear right after the verb as in "The homework was completed in three minutes by Adam.", the oleh preposition is now compulsory, as in the sentence below:
- Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan dalam tiga minit oleh Adam.
- That homework was completed in three minutes by Adam.
Derived terms
editSee also
editNavajo
editEtymology 1
editRepresents multiple homophonous thematic and aspectual prefixes of position I and VI, whose exact meaning and etymology remain mostly speculative.
Prefix
editdi- (position I)
- fire, near or into it
- diidiłjeeh ― to make a fire
► Navajo verbs with disjunct prefix di-
di- (position VI)
Young and Morgan (1987) identify 14 or so thematic prefixes, among others:
- fire, light
- diidiłjeeh ― to make a fire
- arms and legs
- dilʼéés ― to step, to place one's foot
- extension, elongated shape
- noise, sound, oral, food, sensory
- dilwosh ― to shout
- disééh ― to belch
- yidiitsʼį́į́h ― to hear it
- color (see also dini-)
- dinilgai ― whitish
- relinquishment, relief
- yą́ą́ʼdíłgééd ― to uncover it by digging
- bidizóóh ― to subtract it
- sanctity
- diyin ― holy
- Unclassified, often entering in the formation of other prefix compounds
Four modal-aspectual uses are also distinguished:
- Forms a number of inceptive verbs, with a (∅/si) paradigm.
- dighááh ― to start to go
- Forms a number of inchoative verbs, with prepounded dah and a transitional (yii/yii) paradigm.
- Forms the future mode of all active verbs along with the progressive yi-.
- doogááł ― he will go
- didoogááł ― he will start to go
- dah didoogááł ― he will start off
- Forms a number of neuter adjectivals.
- dijool ― spherical, chubby
► Navajo verbs with prefix di-
Etymology 2
editProbably cognate with a prefix of similar shape occurring in other Athabascan languages a reflexive possessive pronoun.
Probably cognate with classifier -d- marking passive and reflexive verbs.
Prefix
editdi- (position IV)
Northern Sotho
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.
Prefix
editdi-
- Class 8 noun prefix.
Polish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Latin dī-.
Pronunciation
editPrefix
editdi-
- di-
- Synonyms: bi-, dwu-
- di- + chromatyczny → dichromatyczny
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- di- in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
Prefix
editdi-
- di- (two, twice or double)
Derived terms
editSotho
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.
Prefix
editdi-
- Class 8 noun prefix.
Spanish
editEtymology 1
editFrom Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
Prefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editPrefix
editdi-
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “di-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28
Tagalog
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Philippine *di.
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈdiʔ/ [ˈd̪iʔ]
- Rhymes: -iʔ
- Syllabification: di-
Prefix
editdî- (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ)
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editTswana
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.
Prefix
editdi-
- Class 8 noun prefix.
Welsh
editEtymology
editProto-Celtic *dī- (“from, of”), from Proto-Indo-European *de. Cognate with Cornish di-.
Pronunciation
editPrefix
editdi-
Usage notes
editThe negative prefix di- indicates a lack of something and is most often attached to a noun in a similar manner to English -less, e.g. dienw (“anonymous, nameless”), di-waith (“unemployed (“workless”)”), diobaith (“hopeless”). In contrast, af- and an- simply denote the negative form of the following root rather than the lack of it.
Derived terms
editMutation
editWelsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
di- | ddi- | ni- | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
edit- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “di-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
West Makian
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editdi-
- third-person plural possessive prefix, their
- di oma ― their children
- (polite) third-person singular possessive prefix, his, her
- mene de ti deto di musala ― this is my grandmother's mat
Etymology 2
editPronoun
editdi-
See also
editindependent | possessive prefix | |
---|---|---|
1st person singular | de | ti |
2nd person singular | ni | ni |
3rd person singular | me | mVan., dVinan. |
1st person plural inclusive | ene | nV |
1st person plural exclusive | imi | mi |
2nd person plural | ini | fi |
3rd person plural | eme | di |
- V indicates the expected assimilated vowel of the following noun, following standard West Makian vowel harmony.
References
edit- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[1], Pacific linguistics
- English 1-syllable words
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- Polish terms borrowed from Latin
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- Rhymes:Polish/i
- Rhymes:Polish/i/1 syllable
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- Portuguese terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
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- Rhymes:Tagalog/iʔ
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