-in-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "in"

English

Etymology

From the oblique stem of Latin -tūdō being -tūdin-.

Interfix

-in-

1. An epenthetic syllable inserted before Latinate suffixes appended to nouns ending with -itude or -tude.

Derived terms

English terms interfixed with -in-

Cebuano

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in-.

Infix

-in-

1. Added to mostly noun roots but also verb roots.
   1. in the manner of

      Synonym: -in- -ay

      ‎igsuon (“sibling”) → ‎inigsuon (“brotherly, sisterly”)

      ‎kabayo (“horse”) → ‎kinabayo (“in the manner of a horse”)

   2. Forms language names.

      ‎Bisaya (“Bisaya person”) → ‎Binisaya (“Bisaya (Cebuano) language”)

      ‎Ingles (“Englishman”) → ‎Iningles (“English language”)

2. Added to verb roots conjugated with -on or i-, forming nouns.
   1. something done by the action of the root

      ‎hatag (“give”) → ‎hinatag (“something given, gift”)

   2. something put somewhere or in something

      ‎asin (“salt”) → ‎inasin (“something salted”)

Derived terms

Cebuano terms infixed with -in-

References

• John U. Wolff (1972) A dictionary of Cebuano Visayan‎^[1] (overall work in Cebuano and English), Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, pages 378-379

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Suffix

-in-

1. Root form of -ino

Ido

Suffix

-in-

1. Root form of -ino

Indonesian

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in-. Doublet of di-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɪn]
• Hyphenation: in

Infix

-in-

1. A product or result of something
2. Implies a perpetuation of action; continuous

Derived terms

Indonesian terms infixed with -in-

Further reading

• “-in-” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-in-/
• Hyphenation: -in-

Infix

-in- (Jawi spelling -ين-)

1. product of
2. continuous

Derived terms

Malay terms infixed with -in-

Old Javanese

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in-.

Infix

-in-

1. passive voice marker

Derived terms

Old Javanese terms infixed with -in-

Tagalog

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in-.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /in/ [ɪn̪]
• Syllabification: -in-

Infix

-in- (Baybayin spelling ᜒᜈ᜔)

1. forms the complete aspect in all triggers except the active trigger

   Kinain ko ang mangga (patient trigger)

   I ate the mango (mango is focused)

   Pinuntahan namin ang palengke (locative trigger)

   We went to the market (market is focused)

2. (with CV- reduplication): forms the progressive aspect in all triggers except in the active trigger

   Kinakain ko ang mangga

   I eat/am eating the mango

Usage notes

• In words that start with a vowel, the prefix in- is used instead.
• In words that start with an ⟨l⟩, ⟨r⟩, or ⟨y⟩, the prefix ni- may be used.
• In loan words or unassimilated foreign words that begin with a consonant cluster, the infix may be added after the first consonant (1) or after the consonant cluster (2). Some prefer using the prefix ni- instead (3).

  (1) tinrabaho

  (2) trinabaho

  (3) nitrabaho

Derived terms

Tagalog terms infixed with -in-

Anagrams

• ni