Giuseppe Verdi
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (10 Oktober 1813 – 27 Januari 1901) adalah komponis Italia dari era Romantik yang terutama dikenal dengan opera-opera ciptaannya. Namanya disejajarkan dengan Richard Wagner sebagai komponis opera paling berpengaruh pada abad ke-19,[1] dan mendominasi dunia musik Italia setelah Bellini, Donizetti, dan Rossini. Karya-karyanya sering dipentaskan di teater opera di seluruh dunia. Beberapa lagu dari opera-opera ciptaannya telah diserap ke dalam budaya populer, di antaranya lagu-lagu seperti "La donna è mobile" dari opera Rigoletto, "Libiamo ne' lieti calici" (The Drinking Song) dari opera La traviata, "Va, pensiero" (The Chorus of the Hebrew Slaves) dari Nabucco, "Coro di zingari" dari Il trovatore dan "Grand March" dari Aida.
Setelah kematian penyair senegaranya, Alessandro Manzoni, Verdi menulis Messa da Requiem pada tahun 1874 sebagai penghormatan untuknya. Messa da Requiem kini dinilai sebagai adikarya tradisi oratorio sekaligus bukti kemampuannya menulis musik selain opera.[2] Verdi juga aktif di dunia politik. Bersama-sama Garibaldi dan Cavour, Verdi dikenal sebagai tokoh proses reunifikasi Semenanjung Italia (Risorgimento).
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]Catatan kaki
- ^ Paul Levy, "Bob Dylan: Verdi and/or Wagner: Two Men, Two Worlds, Two Centuries by Peter Conrad" Diarsipkan 2012-02-17 di Wayback Machine., The Guardian (London), 13 November 2011. Diakses 21 Juni 2013
- ^ Rosen[halaman dibutuhkan]
Bahan pustaka
- Balthazar, Scott E. (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Verdi, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. ISBN 978-0-521-63535-6
- Budden, Julian (1973). The Operas of Verdi, Volume I (edisi ke-3rd). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-816261-8.
- Budden, Julian (1973). The Operas of Verdi, Volume II (edisi ke-3rd). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-816262-6.
- Budden, J. (1973). The Operas of Verdi, Volume III (edisi ke-3rd). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-816263-4.
- Casini, Claudio, Verdi, Milan: Rusconi, 1982 ISBN 978-88-18-70061-9 (in Italian); Königstein: Athenäum, 1985 ISBN 3-7610-8377-7 (in German)
- Delgrada, Francesco, (Ed.), Giuseppe Verdi: l'uomo, l'opera, il mito, Milan, Skira, 2000. ISBN 88-8118-816-3 ISBN 978-88-8118-816-1 (Catalogue from an exhibition at the Palazzo Reale, 2000-2001)
- De Van, Gilles (trans. Gilda Roberts), Verdi's Theater: Creating Drama Through Music. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press, 1998 ISBN 0-226-14369-4 (hardback), ISBN 0-226-14370-8
- Hunt, Lynn (2009, 3rd edition). The Making of the West. Bedford/St. Martin's. ISBN 0-312-46510-6.
- Martin, George, Verdi: His Music, Life and Times, New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1986 ISBN 0-396-08196-7 (paper, 1983)
- Newman, Earnest, Stories of the Great Operas. Philadelphia: The Blakinson Company, 1930
- Osborne, Charles, The Complete Opera of Verdi, New York: Da Capo Press, Inc., 1969. ISBN 0-306-80072-1
- Parker, Roger, "Verdi, Giuseppe" in Stanley Sadie, (Ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Vol. Four. London: MacMillan Publishers, Inc. 1998 ISBN 0-333-73432-7 ISBN 1-56159-228-5
- Phillips-Matz, Mary Jane, Verdi: A Biography, London & New York: Oxford University Press, 1993 ISBN 0-19-313204-4
- Rosen, David (1995), Verdi: Requiem, Cambridge: Cambridge Music Handbooks. ISBN 978-0-521-39767-4
- Schonberg, Harold C. (1997). "The Lives of the Great Composers". W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0-393-03857-2. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-01-14. Diakses tanggal 9 January 2008.
- Tintori, Giampiero, Guida all'ascolto di Giuseppe Verdi, Milano: Mursia, 1983.
- Toscanini, Arturo (Ed. Harvey Sachs), The letters of Arturo Toscanini, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002 ISBN 978-0-375-40405-4
- Walker, Frank, The Man Verdi, New York: Knopf, 1962, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982 ISBN 0-226-87132-0
- Werfel, Franz and Stefan, Paul, Verdi: The Man and His Letters, New York: Vienna House 1973 ISBN 0-8443-0088-8
Bacaan selanjutnya
- Budden, Julian (2008). Verdi (3rd edition). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195323429.
- Kamien, R. (1997). Music: an appreciation – student brief (edisi ke-3rd). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-036521-0.
- Gal, H. (1975). Brahms, Wagner, Verdi: Drei Meister, drei Welten. Fischer. ISBN 3-10-024302-1.
- Harwood, Gregory W. (1998). Giuseppe Verdi: A Guide to Research. Routledge. ISBN 9780824041175.
- Harwood, Gregory (2012). Giuseppe Verdi: A Research and Information Guide (edisi ke-2d). : Abingdon (New York); Routledge (UK). ISBN 0415881897.
- Michels, Ulrich (1992). dtv-Atlas zur Musik: Band Zwei (edisi ke-7th). Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag. ISBN 3-423-03023-2.
- Polo, Claudia, Immaginari verdiani. Opera, media e industria culturale nell'Italia del XX secolo, Milano: BMG/Ricordi, 2004 (Italia)
Verdi's life in and around Busseto
- Associazione Amici di Verdi (ed.), Con Verdi nella sua terra, Busseto, 1997 (in English)
- Maestrelli, Maurizio, Guida alla Villa e al Parco (in Italian), publication of Villa Verdi, 2001
- Mordacci, Alessandra, An Itinerary of the History and Art in the Places of Verdi, Busseto: Busseto Tourist Office, 2001 (in English)
- Villa Verdi: the Visit and Villa Verdi: The Park; the Villa; the Room (pamphlets in English), publications of the Villa Verdi
Pranala luar
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Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Giuseppe Verdi.
- Situs resmi Giuseppe Verdi Diarsipkan 2004-11-01 di Wayback Machine.
- National Museum Giuseppe Verdi Diarsipkan 2015-02-03 di Wayback Machine. - Busseto
- Stanford University list of Verdi operas, premiere locations and dates, etc. Diarsipkan 2014-04-28 di Wayback Machine.
- Karya Giuseppe Verdi di Project Gutenberg
- "Album Verdi" di Digital Library of the National Library of Naples (Italia) Diarsipkan 2023-03-20 di Wayback Machine.
- Partitur bebas oleh Verdi pada International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
- Musik gratis oleh Giuseppe Verdi di Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki)
- (Inggris) Karya atau profil mengenai Giuseppe Verdi di perpustakaan (katalog WorldCat)
- Daftar rekaman "komplet" dari opera-opera Verdi Diarsipkan 2013-02-09 di Wayback Machine.
- "Verdi and Milan" Diarsipkan 2008-10-12 di Wayback Machine., kuliah mengenai Verdi oleh Roger Parker di Gresham College, London 14 Mei 2007
- Verdi cylinder recordings Diarsipkan 2014-08-06 di Wayback Machine., dari Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project di Perpustakaan University of California, Santa Barbara Library
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