Ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis (UC) wani yanayi ne na dogon lokaci wanda ke haifar da kumburi da ulcers ta hanji da dubura.[1][2] Alamomin farko na cututtuka masu aiki sune ciwon ciki da gudawa gauraye da jini.[1] Rage nauyi, zazzabi, da anemia na iya faruwa.[1] Sau da yawa, bayyanar cututtuka suna zuwa a hankali kuma suna iya kamawa daga mild zuwa mai tsanani.[1] Alamun yawanci suna faruwa ne lokaci-lokaci tare da lokutan da ba a nuna alamun ba a tsakanin goshin.[1] Matsalolin na iya haɗawa da megacolon, kumburin ido, haɗin gwiwa, ko hanta, da ciwon daji na hanji.[1][3]
Ba a san dalilin UC ba.[1] Ka'idodin sun haɗa da rashin aiki na tsarin rigakafi, kwayoyin halitta, canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin hanji na yau da kullun, da abubuwan muhalli.[1][4] Ƙididdigar ƙididdigewa ta kasance mafi girma a cikin ƙasashen da suka ci gaba tare da wasu suna ba da shawara cewa hakan ya kasance sakamakon ƙarancin kamuwa da cututtuka na hanji, ko kuma cin abinci na Yammacin Turai da salon rayuwa.[2][5] Cire appendix tun yana ƙarami na iya zama kariya.[5] Ana gano ganewar asali ta hanyar colonoscopy tare da biopsies na nama.[1] Wani nau'i ne na cututtukan hanji mai kumburi (IBD) tare da cutar Crohn da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.[1]
Canje-canjen abinci, kamar kiyaye abinci mai yawan kalori ko abinci mara lactose, na iya inganta alamun bayyanar.[1] Ana amfani da magunguna da yawa don magance alamun bayyanar cututtuka da kuma kawowa da kiyayewa, ciki har da aminosalicylates kamar mesalazine ko sulfasalazine, steroids, immunosuppressants kamar azathioprine, da ilimin halitta.[1] Cire hanjin ta hanyar tiyata na iya zama dole idan cutar ta yi tsanani, ba ta amsa magani ba, ko kuma idan rikitarwa kamar ciwon daji na hanji ya tasowa.[1] Cire hanji da dubura gabaɗaya yana warkar da yanayin.[1][5]
Tare da cutar Crohn, kimanin mutane miliyan 11.2 sun kamu da cutar a cikin shekarar 2015.[6] A kowace shekara sabon yana faruwa a cikin 1 zuwa 20 a cikin 100,000 mutane, kuma 5 zuwa 500 a cikin 100,000 mutane suna fama.[2][5] Cutar ta fi yawa a Arewacin Amurka da Turai fiye da sauran yankuna.[5] Sau da yawa yana farawa a cikin mutane masu shekaru 15 zuwa 30, ko kuma a cikin wadanda suka haura 60.[1] Maza da mata sun kasance suna fama da daidai gwargwado.[2] Hakanan ya zama ruwan dare gama gari tun shekarun 1950.[2][5] Tare, cututtukan ulcerative colitis da cutar Crohn suna shafar kusan mutane miliyan ɗaya a Amurka.[7] Tare da maganin da ya dace, haɗarin mutuwa yana bayyana daidai da na yawan jama'a.[3] Bayanin farko na ulcerative colitis ya faru a kusa da 1850s.[5]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 "Ulcerative Colitis". NIDDK. September 2014. Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 3 August 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Ford AC, Moayyedi P, Hanauer SB (February 2013). "Ulcerative colitis". BMJ. 346: f432. doi:10.1136/bmj.f432. PMID 23386404. S2CID 14778938.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Wanderås MH, Moum BA, Høivik ML, Hovde Ø (May 2016). "Predictive factors for a severe clinical course in ulcerative colitis: Results from population-based studies". World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 7 (2): 235–41. doi:10.4292/wjgpt.v7.i2.235. PMC 4848246. PMID 27158539.
- ↑ Akiho H, Yokoyama A, Abe S, Nakazono Y, Murakami M, Otsuka Y, Fukawa K, Esaki M, Niina Y, Ogino H (November 2015). "Promising biological therapies for ulcerative colitis: A review of the literature". World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology. 6 (4): 219–27. doi:10.4291/wjgp.v6.i4.219. PMC 4644886. PMID 26600980.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Danese S, Fiocchi C (November 2011). "Ulcerative colitis". The New England Journal of Medicine. 365 (18): 1713–25. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1102942. PMID 22047562.
- ↑ Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, et al. (GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
- ↑ Adams, James G. (2012). Emergency Medicine E-Book: Clinical Essentials (Expert Consult – Online) (in Turanci). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 304. ISBN 978-1455733941.