Wiktionary

pe

See also: Appendix:Variations of "pe"
Languages (47)
English
Abinomn • Ainu • Albanian • Annobonese • Basque • Breton • Catalan • Chrau • Dorig • Fala • Faroese • Finnish • Guaraní • Guinea-Bissau Creole • Ido • Japanese • Javanese • Latin • Ligurian • Lote • Mandarin • Mauritian Creole • Mbiywom • Mbyá Guaraní • Mezquital Otomi • Middle English • Neapolitan • Nheengatu • Occitan • Old Occitan • Old Tupi • Pacoh • Pali • Romanian • Romansch • Spanish • Sranan Tongo • Tagalog • Tocharian A • Tol • Turkish • Turkmen • Welsh • West Makian • Yoruba • Zou
Page categories

English

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Hebrew פֵּא (pê), from Proto-Semitic *pay- (“mouth”). Doublet of pi.

Noun

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pe

  1. The seventeenth letter of many Semitic alphabets/abjads (Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew פ, Syriac ܦ, and others; Arabic has the analog faa).
Translations
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See also

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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Noun

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pe (plural pes)

  1. The name of the Cyrillic script letter П / п.

Anagrams

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Abinomn

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Noun

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pe

  1. pig

Ainu

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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pe (Kana spelling ペ)

  1. (only in compounds) thing, article
    arawan ― seven
    arawanpe ― seven things
    wen ― bad
    wenpe ― bad thing
Alternative forms
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  • (apocopic) p

Etymology 2

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Noun

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pe (Kana spelling ペ)

  1. water, especially in reference to a water body
  2. liquid
  3. juice
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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  • pet (“river”)

See also

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  • wakka (“drinkable water”)

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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pe m (plural penj, definite peri, definite plural penjtë)

  1. thread
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From prej.(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Preposition

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pe

  1. Dialectal form of prej

References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 313
  2. ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Matzinger, Joachim (2013) Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 218

Annobonese

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Etymology

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From Sãotomense pe (“father”), from Portuguese pai (“father”).

Noun

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pe

  1. father

References

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  • John H. McWhorter (2005) Defining Creole (in Annobonese)

Basque

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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pe inan

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

Declension

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Declension of pe (inanimate, ending in vowel)
indefinite singular plural
absolutive pe pea peak
ergative pek peak peek
dative peri peari peei
genitive peren pearen peen
comitative perekin pearekin peekin
causative perengatik pearengatik peengatik
benefactive perentzat pearentzat peentzat
instrumental pez peaz peez
inessive petan pean peetan
locative petako peko peetako
allative petara pera peetara
terminative petaraino peraino peetaraino
directive petarantz perantz peetarantz
destinative petarako perako peetarako
ablative petatik petik peetatik
partitive perik — —
prolative petzat — —

See also

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Breton

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Conjunction

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pe

  1. or

Adjective

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pe (interrogative adjective)

  1. which, what

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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  • Rhymes: -e

Noun

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pe f (plural pes)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.
  2. the Hebrew letter פ (final form ף)

Chrau

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Numeral

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pe

  1. three

Dorig

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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pe

  1. water

References

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Fala

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpe/
  • Rhymes: -e
  • Syllabification: pe

Etymology 1

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From Old Galician-Portuguese pee, from Latin pedem.

Noun

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pe m (plural pes)

  1. foot

Etymology 2

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From Old Galician-Portuguese pez, from Latin picem.

Noun

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pe f (uncountable)

  1. pitch, tar

Etymology 3

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Probably borrowed from Spanish pez.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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pe m (plural pecis)

  1. (Valverdeñu) fish

References

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  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[2], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Faroese

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Noun

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pe n (genitive singular pes, plural pe)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

Declension

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Declension of pe
n4 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative pe peið pe peini
accusative pe peið pe peini
dative pe, pei penum peum peunum
genitive pes pesins pea peanna

See also

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Finnish

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Etymology 1

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Abbreviation of perjantai.

Pronunciation

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As perjantai.

Noun

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pe

  1. Abbreviation of perjantai (“Friday”).

Etymology 2

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From Biblical Hebrew פֵּא (pê).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpe(ː)/, [ˈpe̞(ː)]
  • Rhymes: -e
  • Syllabification(key): pe

Noun

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pe

  1. pe (seventeenth letter of the Hebrew and Phoenician scripts and the Northwest Semitic abjad)
Declension
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Inflection of pe (Kotus type 21/rosé, no gradation)
nominative pe pet
genitive pen peiden
peitten
partitive petä peitä
illative pehen peihin
singular plural
nominative pe pet
accusative nom. pe pet
gen. pen
genitive pen peiden
peitten
partitive petä peitä
inessive pessä peissä
elative pestä peistä
illative pehen peihin
adessive pellä peillä
ablative peltä peiltä
allative pelle peille
essive penä peinä
translative peksi peiksi
abessive pettä peittä
instructive — pein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of pe (Kotus type 21/rosé, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative peni peni
accusative nom. peni peni
gen. peni
genitive peni peideni
peitteni
partitive petäni peitäni
inessive pessäni peissäni
elative pestäni peistäni
illative peheni peihini
adessive pelläni peilläni
ablative peltäni peiltäni
allative pelleni peilleni
essive penäni peinäni
translative pekseni peikseni
abessive pettäni peittäni
instructive — —
comitative — peineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pesi pesi
accusative nom. pesi pesi
gen. pesi
genitive pesi peidesi
peittesi
partitive petäsi peitäsi
inessive pessäsi peissäsi
elative pestäsi peistäsi
illative pehesi peihisi
adessive pelläsi peilläsi
ablative peltäsi peiltäsi
allative pellesi peillesi
essive penäsi peinäsi
translative peksesi peiksesi
abessive pettäsi peittäsi
instructive — —
comitative — peinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pemme pemme
accusative nom. pemme pemme
gen. pemme
genitive pemme peidemme
peittemme
partitive petämme peitämme
inessive pessämme peissämme
elative pestämme peistämme
illative pehemme peihimme
adessive pellämme peillämme
ablative peltämme peiltämme
allative pellemme peillemme
essive penämme peinämme
translative peksemme peiksemme
abessive pettämme peittämme
instructive — —
comitative — peinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative penne penne
accusative nom. penne penne
gen. penne
genitive penne peidenne
peittenne
partitive petänne peitänne
inessive pessänne peissänne
elative pestänne peistänne
illative pehenne peihinne
adessive pellänne peillänne
ablative peltänne peiltänne
allative pellenne peillenne
essive penänne peinänne
translative peksenne peiksenne
abessive pettänne peittänne
instructive — —
comitative — peinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative pensä pensä
accusative nom. pensä pensä
gen. pensä
genitive pensä peidensä
peittensä
partitive petään
petänsä 		peitään
peitänsä
inessive pessään
pessänsä 		peissään
peissänsä
elative pestään
pestänsä 		peistään
peistänsä
illative pehensä peihinsä
adessive pellään
pellänsä 		peillään
peillänsä
ablative peltään
peltänsä 		peiltään
peiltänsä
allative pelleen
pellensä 		peilleen
peillensä
essive penään
penänsä 		peinään
peinänsä
translative pekseen
peksensä 		peikseen
peiksensä
abessive pettään
pettänsä 		peittään
peittänsä
instructive — —
comitative — peineen
peinensä

Guaraní

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Determiner

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pe

  1. that (near addressee)

Guinea-Bissau Creole

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Etymology 1

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From Portuguese pé.

Noun

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pe

  1. foot

Etymology 2

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From Portuguese perna.

Noun

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pe

  1. leg

Etymology 3

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From Portuguese pau.

Noun

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pe

  1. tree

Ido

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Etymology

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From p +‎ -e.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pe (plural pe-i)

  1. The name of the Latin script letter P/p.

See also

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Japanese

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Romanization

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pe

  1. The hiragana syllable ぺ (pe) or the katakana syllable ペ (pe) in Hepburn romanization.

Javanese

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paʀih, from Proto-Austronesian *paʀiS.

Noun

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pé (Javanese script ꦥꦺ)

  1. ray (marine fish with a flat body, large wing-like fins, and a whip-like tail)

References

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  • Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*paRiS”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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pē f (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

Coordinate terms

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References

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  • “pe”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • pe in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Ligurian

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Etymology

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From Latin per, from Proto-Indo-European *peri, derived from the root *per- (“to go over”).

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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pe

  1. for
  2. to
  3. through
  4. in or on
  5. by
  6. with
  7. as
pe + article Combined form
pe + o pe-o
pe + a pe-a
pe + i pe-i
pe + e pe-e

Lote

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Conjunction

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pe

  1. and

References

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Mandarin

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Romanization

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pe

  1. Nonstandard spelling of pē.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of pê̄.

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Mauritian Creole

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Etymology

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Contraction of ape, from French après. Compare Haitian Creole ap.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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pe (medial form pe)

  1. (auxiliary) Used to indicate present progressive tense or the continuous tense in general.
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Mbiywom

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Noun

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pe

  1. liver

References

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  • Claire Bowern, Harold James Koch, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004), page 411

Mbyá Guaraní

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Postposition

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pe

  1. to, for (indicates a dative object)
  2. indicates a causative object
    Ajapo uka mbojape xevy pe ha'i pe.
    I had my mother make me bread.

Mezquital Otomi

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Noun

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pe

  1. biznaga, barrel cactus.

Middle English

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Noun

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pe

  1. Alternative form of po

Neapolitan

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Etymology

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From Latin per.

Pronunciation

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  This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Preposition

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pe

  1. for

Nheengatu

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Etymology

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From Old Tupi pe.

Pronunciation

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  This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
  • Hyphenation: pe
  • Rhymes: -e

Pronoun

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pe

  1. (second-class) second-person plural personal pronoun (you, your)
    Pe akanhemu peikú nhaãsé pe kirá peikú.
    You are scared because you are fat.
    Aintá uputari upitá pe irũmu.
    They want to stay with you.
    Pe manha uwiké uka pisasú upé.
    Your mother enters the new house.

Usage notes

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  • As a second-class pronoun, pe is used as the subject of a sentence when its verb is a second-class one (those verbs are sometimes referred to as adjectives). The personal pronoun pe is also used when governed by any postposition with the exception of arama and supé. Finally, pe is used as a possessive pronoun as well.

See also

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Nheengatu personal pronouns
singular first-class pronoun second-class pronoun
first-person ixé se
second-person indé ne
third-person aé i
plural first-class pronoun second-class pronoun
first-person yandé yané
second-person penhẽ pe
third-person aintá (or tá) aintá (or tá)

References

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Occitan

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Noun

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pe f (plural pes)

  1. pee (the letter p, P)

Old Occitan

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Etymology

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From Latin pedem, accusative of pes. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French pié.

Noun

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pe m (oblique plural pes, nominative singular pes, nominative plural pe)

  1. foot (anatomy)

Descendants

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  • Occitan: pè

Old Tupi

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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pe (2nd class, 2nd person plural, dative peẽme／peẽmo, 1st class equivalent peẽ)

  1. (with 2nd or 3rd person object) you
    Coordinate term: (with 1st person object) peîepé
  2. (with 2nd or 3rd person subject) objective of peẽ
    Coordinate term: (with 1st person subject) opo-
  3. your

See also

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    Old Tupi personal pronouns
Person Number Nominative／Accusative Possessive Dative Objective
Subject 1st class 2nd class Nonreflexive Reflexive 1st class 2nd class
Singular 1st ixé xe ixébe／ixébo xebe／xebo
2nd îepé endé nde endébe／endébo ndebe／ndebo oro-
Singular and Plural 3rd a'e i o i xupé
Plural 1st exc oré orébe／orébo
1st inc îandé îandébe／îandébo
2nd peîepé peẽ pe peẽme／peẽmo opo-
Indefinite asé asébe／asébo

References

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Pacoh

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Pacoh cardinal numbers
 <  2 3 4  > 
    Cardinal : pe
    Ordinal : ape

Etymology

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From Proto-Katuic *pɛɛ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *piʔ.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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pe

  1. three

Pali

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Particle

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pe

  1. Abbreviation of peyyāla.

Romanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin per, with meaning influenced by super.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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pe (+accusative)

  1. on
    cartea este pe masă
    The book is on the table.
  2. on (some time during the day of)
    A plecat spre Europa acum o săptămână, mai exact, pe zece mai.
    He left for Europe a week ago, that is, on the tenth of May.
  3. (no lexical meaning) used to indicate direct object in some cases
    O aștept pe mama.
    I'm waiting on/for mom.
  4. through an opening
    a îi ieși (cuiva) pe gură
    (of words) to come out (one’s) mouth
    a sări pe geam/fereastră ― to jump out the window
  5. (with spatial prepositions or adverbs) approximately, thereabouts
    L-am văzut prima oară pe undeva pe aici.
    I first saw it somewhere around here.
    Hotelul e pe lângă gară.
    The hotel is somewhere near the station.

Usage notes

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Pe takes the accusative case of nouns and is used as the marker for the direct object when said object is:

  • a proper noun; the name of a person or animal
  • a common noun referring to a specific person, generally known to both the speaker and listener
  • a common noun acting as a metaphor for a person
  • a common noun in a construction in which the subject and the direct object are the same noun and they precede the predicate

Pe is not used when the direct object is:

  • a common noun designating inanimate objects or animals
  • a common noun referring to an unspecified person
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References

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Romansch

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin pēs, pedem (“foot”), from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.

Noun

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pe m (plural pes or peis)

  1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, anatomy) foot

Usage notes

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In Rumantsch Grischun and Sutsilvan, the plural is pes. In Surmiran, however, it is peis.

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpe/ [ˈpe]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -e
  • Syllabification: pe

Noun

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pe f (plural pes)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Sranan Tongo

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Adverb

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pe

  1. (interrogative) where
  2. (relative) where

Derived terms

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Tagalog

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish pe, the Spanish name of the letter P/p.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pe (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒ)

  1. (historical) the name of the Latin-script letter P/p, in the Abecedario
    Synonyms: (in the Filipino alphabet) pi, (in the Abakada alphabet) pa

Tocharian A

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Etymology

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Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds. Compare the nominative/accusative dual form, peṃ, presumably from Proto-Tocharian *peine du (whence also Tocharian B paine), from an earlier *pei, from the Proto-Indo-European *pódh₁e du, from *pṓds. It is from this dual form in Proto-Tocharian that the singular forms have probably been analogically built. Compare Tocharian B paiyye.[1]

Noun

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pe m

  1. foot
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References

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  1. ^ http://www.geocities.ws/protoillyrian/tocharian.html

Tol

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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pe

  1. stone, rock

References

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  • Dennis, Ronald K., Dennis, Margaret Royce de (1983) Diccionario Tol (Jicaque)-Español y Español-Tol (Jicaque)‎[3] (in Spanish), Tegucigalpa: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 28

Turkish

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Noun

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pe (definite accusative peyi, plural peler)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

See also

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Turkmen

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Noun

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pe (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.

Welsh

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Etymology

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From earlier bei (now bai), third-person singular imperfect subjunctive of bod.[1]

The alternative form ped (whence counterfactual forms of bod such as petaswn and taswn) is perhaps from addition of the affirmative particle yd (compare nad and nid).[1]

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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pe

  1. if (used with counterfactual conditionals, i.e., those that are impossible or considered very unlikely)
    Pe bawn i'n gyfoethog, teithiwn i o gwmpas y byd.
    If I were rich, I would travel around the world.

Usage notes

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In the literary language, bod (“to be”) has special counterfactual forms that undergo univerbation with pe: petaswn (“if I had been”), petawn (“if I were”) etc. (see the conjugation table for all the forms).

In the colloquial language, the counterfactual forms taswn/bawn/tawn are written separately from pe, and pe can be omitted before them:

  • (pe) taswn i’n ennill y loteri ― if I were to win the lottery

See also

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  • os (used with factual conditionals)

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “pe”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

West Makian

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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pe

  1. with, using
    natala pe peda da langalongi ne ― (you) cut this rope with a machete
    yakor te pe sosodik ― stir the tea with a spoon
  2. (directional) to
    iwako pe de mai ― he threw a stone at me (literally, “he threw to me (a) stone”)

References

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  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[4], Pacific linguistics

Yoruba

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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pè

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to call, to pronounce, to summon, to invoke (an orisha)
    Synonym: ké
  2. (transitive) to tag someone or something
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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pé

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to assemble, to congregate
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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pé

  1. to be correct, to be complete in degree or quantity
  2. to be enough
  3. (idiomatic) to be sane, to be intelligent, to be sharp (of the mind); (literally - "to have a complete or correct mind")
Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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pé

  1. to say something
    Synonym: ní
Usage notes
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  • An overlaid function for the conjunction pé (Etymology 5) whenever a verb of utterance is missing, it is always followed by kí.

Etymology 5

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Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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pé

  1. that
Usage notes
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  • In modern linguistics, the term has also been categorized as a complementizer
Synonyms
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Yoruba Varieties and Languages - pé (“that, conj.”)
view map; edit data
Language FamilyVariety GroupVariety/LanguageLocationWords
Proto-Itsekiri-SEYSoutheast YorubaÌjẹ̀búÌjẹ̀bú Òdefọ
Ìkòròdúfọ
Ṣágámùfọ
Ẹ̀pẹ́fọ
Ìkálẹ̀Òkìtìpupafi
ÌlàjẹMahinpé
ÌtsẹkírìÌwẹrẹgín
Proto-YorubaCentral YorubaÈkìtìÀdó Èkìtìfọ̀
Àkúrẹ́fọ̀
Ọ̀tùn Èkìtìfọ̀
Northwest YorubaÀwórìÈbúté Mẹ́tàpé
ÈkóÈkópé
ÌbàdànÌbàdànpé
ÌlọrinÌlọrinpé
OǹkóÌtẹ̀síwájú LGApé
Ìwàjówà LGApé
Kájọlà LGApé
Ìsẹ́yìn LGApé
Ṣakí West LGApé
Atisbo LGApé
Ọlọ́runṣògo LGApé
Ọ̀yọ́Ọ̀yọ́pé
Standard YorùbáNàìjíríàpé
Bɛ̀nɛ̀pé
Northeast Yoruba/OkunOwéKabbahi
Ede Languages/Southwest YorubaIfɛ̀Akpáréní
Atakpaméní
Tchettiní
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Etymology 6

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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pé

  1. to become rewarding or profitable for someone
    ọjà náà pé mi dáadáa ― The market goods were very profitable for me

Zou

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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pe

  1. (intransitive) to kick

References

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  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40
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