|
Translingual
editTraditional | 兒 |
---|---|
Shinjitai | 児 |
Simplified | 儿 |
Han character
edit兒 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹難竹山 (HXHU), four-corner 77217, composition ⿱臼儿)
Derived characters
edit- 倪, 唲, 堄, 婗, 𡸣, 𢏱, 掜, 淣, 猊, 𨺙, 晲, 棿, 𤊓, 𤦤, 𫀗, 腉, 𮍩, 𤾆, 睨, 𥓋, 䘽, 𭘉, 䋩, 䍲, 聣, 𦩊, 蜺, 𦦃, 觬, 誽(𰵵), 貎, 輗(𫐐), 𫒪, 𠆔, 𰃓, 䮘, 𩩢, 鯢(鲵), 鶃(𱊄), 𪕨, 齯(𫠜), 𦦿
- 𫐰, 𡮅, 郳, 𫻻, 㪒, 𣣉, 𧡎, 鶂(𱊈/𬷼), 𠓔, 𡥲, 𬎸, 𠒰, 𭀹, 𡸢, 萖, 𦋌, 𤾇, 𮅙, 𠒯, 𮍜, 霓, 𪓬(𱌅), 𠩫, 𭙢, 𤷅, 麑, 䦧(阋), 鬩
Related characters
edit- 児 (Japanese shinjitai, also a variant form)
- 儿 (Simplified Chinese)
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 125, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1365
- Dae Jaweon: page 265, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 272, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5152
Chinese
editGlyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 兒 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Pictogram (象形) : an infant with an imperfect cranium (i.e. fontanelle).
Etymology 1
edittrad. | 兒 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 儿* | |
alternative forms | 児 𠒇 𫤘 |
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-ŋa-j (“small; inferior; offspring”) (STEDT). Cognate with Burmese ငယ် (ngai, “little; young”), Jingpho shangai (ʃă³¹ ŋai³¹, “to give birth”).
According to Schuessler (2007), it may be an area word; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ŋa(i)k (“baby”), Proto-Bahnaric *ŋaː (“baby”), Khmer ង៉ា (ngaa, “infant; baby”). The word is also cognate with 倪 (OC *ŋeː, “small and weak”). 伢 is the southern dialectal form of 兒 (MC nye, “child; son”).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): er2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): эр (er, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): eo4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): er1
- Northern Min (KCR): ě̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): niè / ì
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gni; 6ng; 6gher
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): e2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄦˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ér
- Wade–Giles: êrh2
- Yale: ér
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: erl
- Palladius: эр (er)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀɤɻ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: er2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: r
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɚ²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: эр (er, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɛɻ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Chengdu)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ji4
- Yale: yìh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji4
- Guangdong Romanization: yi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡei²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: eo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɵ³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
- Hakka Romanization System: iˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi2
- Sinological IPA: /i¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi2
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: er1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /əɻ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ě̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /œ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: niè / ì
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡie⁵³/, /i⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- niè - vernacular (often written as 伲);
- literary - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lî
- Tâi-lô: lî
- Phofsit Daibuun: lii
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /li²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jî
- Tâi-lô: jî
- Phofsit Daibuun: jii
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi¹³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /zi²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ri5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jî
- Sinological IPA (key): /d͡zi⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei)
- Wu
- 3nyi, 3hhngg - vernacular;
- 3hher - literary.
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: e2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɤ̞¹³/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: nye
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋe/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋje/
Definitions
edit兒
- (now in compounds) child
- one's own child; son
- (now in compounds) (male) adolescent
- (attributive, of animals) male
- Non-syllabic noun diminutive suffix.
- Suffix after nouns that does not indicate diminutiveness.
- Suffix added to some verbs or adjectives to form nouns.
- Suffix after a limited number of verbs.
- Suffix after certain nouns that result in a different meaning from the unsuffixed form.
- Suffix after reduplicated adjectives.
Usage notes
edit- 儿 may be used to specially write erhua (or the rhotic sound) in traditional Chinese, in contrast with 兒/儿 (ér, “child”).
- 1950, 林濤 (Lin Tao), 定型化新文字, 2nd edition, 生活·讀書·新知三聯書店:
- 有人把拉丁化新文字的方案跟寫法看做神聖不可侵犯的東西,不准有一點儿改變 […]
- There are some who believe that the Latinxua Sin Wenz scheme and spelling are sacred things that should not be violated, and that there must not be even the tiniest bit of change […]
- r念“儿”只有“兒”“二”“而”這幾個字 […]
- When r is read as 儿, the only candidates are "child", "two", and "and" […]
- 儿 may be written as a smaller character.
- 1968, 趙元任 (Yuen Ren Chao), 語言問題, 臺灣商務印書館, page 83:
- 固然平常念一個單字的時候,重音的音節在樂音上也是高一點儿,不過它不一定老是這個樣子。
- Admittedly, when pronouncing a word, the stressed syllable is, musically speaking, also a bit higher-pitched, but this is not necessarily always the case.
- 2001, 中華人民共和國教育部, 國家語言文字工作委員會, 第一批異形詞整理表[1], archived from the original on 3 August 2019, page 11:
- 红果儿(红*菓儿) hóngguǒr
Synonyms
editCompounds
edit- 一點兒/一点儿 (yīdiǎnr)
- 主兒/主儿 (zhǔr)
- 乳兒/乳儿 (rǔ'ér)
- 乾兒/干儿
- 亂兒/乱儿 (luànr)
- 了兒/了儿
- 些兒/些儿
- 亮兒/亮儿
- 人兒/人儿
- 今兒/今儿 (jīnr)
- 佳兒/佳儿
- 侍兒/侍儿 (shì'ér)
- 信兒/信儿 (xìnr)
- 保兒/保儿
- 俞兒/俞儿
- 個兒/个儿 (gèr)
- 倈兒/俫儿
- 倍兒/倍儿
- 偷兒/偷儿
- 健兒/健儿 (jiàn'ér)
- 先兒/先儿
- 兒兒/儿儿
- 兒化/儿化 (érhuà)
- 兒啼/儿啼
- 兒夫/儿夫
- 兒女/儿女 (érnǚ)
- 兒媳/儿媳 (érxí)
- 兒嬉/儿嬉 (érxī)
- 兒子/儿子
- 兒孫/儿孙 (érsūn)
- 兒家/儿家
- 兒寬/儿宽
- 兒息/儿息
- 兒戲/儿戏 (érxì)
- 兒拜/儿拜
- 兒時/儿时 (érshí)
- 兒曹/儿曹
- 兒歌/儿歌 (érgē)
- 兒母/儿母
- 兒科/儿科 (érkē)
- 兒童/儿童 (értóng)
- 兒茶/儿茶 (érchá)
- 兒語/儿语
- 兒郎/儿郎 (érláng)
- 兒馬/儿马 (érmǎ)
- 兒齒/儿齿
- 六兒/六儿
- 冰棍兒/冰棍儿 (bīnggùnr)
- 刃兒/刃儿
- 分兒/分儿 (fēnr, fènr)
- 前兒/前儿 (qiánr)
- 勤兒/勤儿
- 勦兒/剿儿
- 包兒/包儿 (bāor)
- 包干兒
- 卜兒/卜儿
- 反犬旁兒/反犬旁儿 (fǎnquǎnpángr)
- 口兒/口儿
- 可兒/可儿 (Kě'ér)
- 合兒/合儿
- 吃兒/吃儿 (chīr)
- 名兒/名儿 (míngr)
- 咂兒/咂儿 (zār)
- 味兒/味儿 (wèir)
- 哥兒/哥儿 (gēr)
- 嗓兒/嗓儿
- 嗝兒/嗝儿
- 嗎兒/吗儿 (már)
- 嘎兒/嘎儿
- 嘴兒/嘴儿
- 圈兒/圈儿 (quānr)
- 坑兒/坑儿 (kēngr)
- 坎兒/坎儿
- 大褂兒/大褂儿 (dàguàr)
- 奚兒/奚儿
- 套兒/套儿 (tàor)
- 女兒/女儿 (nǚ'ér)
- 好兒/好儿
- 姐兒/姐儿 (jiěr)
- 妻兒/妻儿 (qī'ér)
- 姊兒/姊儿
- 娃兒/娃儿 (wár)
- 姪兒/侄儿
- 姨兒/姨儿 (yír)
- 娘兒/娘儿
- 婆兒/婆儿
- 媒兒/媒儿
- 媽兒/妈儿
- 嬌兒/娇儿 (jiāo'ér)
- 嬰兒/婴儿 (yīng'ér)
- 嬰兒車/婴儿车 (yīng'érchē)
- 子兒/子儿 (zǐr)
- 字眼兒/字眼儿 (zìyǎnr)
- 孤兒/孤儿 (gū'ér)
- 孩兒/孩儿
- 孫兒/孙儿 (sūn'ér)
- 官兒/官儿
- 寵兒/宠儿 (chǒng'ér)
- 封兒/封儿
- 小兒/小儿
- 小兒科/小儿科 (xiǎo'érkē)
- 小兒麻痺症/小儿麻痹症 (xiǎo'érmábìzhèng)
- 尖兒/尖儿 (jiānr)
- 屜兒/屉儿
- 岔兒/岔儿
- 帖兒/帖儿
- 帖木兒/帖木儿
- 帽兒/帽儿 (màor)
- 幡兒/幡儿
- 幫兒/帮儿
- 幺兒/幺儿 (yāo'ér)
- 幼兒/幼儿 (yòu'ér)
- 幼兒園/幼儿园 (yòu'éryuán)
- 幾兒/几儿
- 底兒/底儿
- 座兒/座儿 (zuòr)
- 廝兒/厮儿
- 龐兒/庞儿
- 弓兒/弓儿
- 影兒/影儿
- 後兒/后儿 (hòur)
- 徒兒/徒儿
- 忒兒/忒儿
- 性兒/性儿
- 愣兒/愣儿
- 成兒/成儿
- 戳兒/戳儿
- 手兒/手儿
- 扣兒/扣儿 (kòur)
- 把兒/把儿
- 拘兒/拘儿
- 招兒/招儿 (zhāor)
- 拐兒/拐儿
- 捻兒/捻儿 (niǎnr)
- 撈兒/捞儿
- 撲兒/扑儿
- 擔兒/担儿 (dànr)
- 方兒/方儿
- 旋兒/旋儿 (xuánr)
- 旦兒/旦儿
- 明兒/明儿
- 昨兒/昨儿 (zuór)
- 星兒/星儿
- 會兒/会儿
- 末兒/末儿 (mòr)
- 材兒/材儿
- 東兒/东儿
- 枝兒/枝儿
- 板兒/板儿
- 果兒/果儿 (guǒr)
- 架兒/架儿
- 根兒/根儿 (gēnr)
- 條兒/条儿
- 桿兒/杆儿
- 棄兒/弃儿 (qì'ér)
- 樂兒/乐儿 (lèr)
- 標兒/标儿
- 槽兒/槽儿
- 樁兒/桩儿
- 款兒/款儿
- 母兒/母儿
- 比兒/比儿
- 汁兒/汁儿 (zhīr)
- 注兒
- 活兒/活儿 (huór)
- 洞兒/洞儿
- 渣兒/渣儿
- 準兒/准儿 (zhǔnr)
- 溜兒/溜儿
- 漂兒/漂儿 (piāor)
- 滾兒/滚儿
- 片兒/片儿
- 牙兒/牙儿
- 特兒/特儿
- 狗兒/狗儿 (gǒur)
- 猘兒/猘儿
- 猴兒/猴儿 (hóur)
- 猱兒/猱儿
- 猧兒/𰡏儿
- 玩兒/玩儿 (wánr)
- 玩意兒/玩意儿 (wányìr)
- 瓤兒/瓤儿 (rángr)
- 產兒/产儿 (chǎn'ér)
- 甸兒/甸儿
- 男兒/男儿 (nán'ér)
- 當兒/当儿 (dāngr)
- 痴兒/痴儿
- 盆兒/盆儿 (pénr)
- 盤兒/盘儿
- 盲兒/盲儿
- 盹兒/盹儿
- 短兒/短儿
- 破兒/破儿
- 碴兒/碴儿 (chár)
- 萬兒/万儿 (wànr)
- 稿兒/稿儿
- 穗兒/穗儿
- 空兒/空儿 (kòngr)
- 窩兒/窝儿
- 窳兒/窳儿
- 符兒/符儿
- 答兒/答儿
- 筷兒/筷儿 (kuàir)
- 箍兒/箍儿
- 篇兒/篇儿
- 簍兒/篓儿
- 粒兒/粒儿 (lìr)
- 細兒/细儿 (xì'ěr)
- 綑兒/捆儿
- 縫兒/缝儿
- 繭兒/茧儿
- 纂兒/纂儿
- 缸兒/缸儿 (gāngr)
- 羔兒/羔儿
- 義兒/义儿 (yì'ér)
- 翅兒/翅儿 (chìr)
- 老兒/老儿
- 肚兒/肚儿 (dǔr)
- 股兒/股儿
- 育兒/育儿 (yù'ér)
- 胎兒/胎儿 (tāi'ér)
- 胡兒/胡儿 (hú'ér)
- 腦兒/脑儿
- 臉兒/脸儿 (liǎnr)
- 臺兒莊/台兒莊/台儿庄 (Tái'érzhuāng)
- 芽兒/芽儿
- 苗兒/苗儿
- 萌兒/萌儿
- 葉兒/叶儿 (yèr)
- 落兒/落儿
- 虎兒/虎儿
- 蟲兒/虫儿 (chóngr)
- 衫兒/衫儿
- 襯兒/衬儿
- 角兒/角儿
- 話兒/话儿 (huàr)
- 試兒/试儿
- 語兒/语儿
- 調兒/调儿
- 謎兒/谜儿
- 譜兒/谱儿
- 豚兒/豚儿 (tún'ér)
- 貓兒/猫儿
- 貼兒/贴儿
- 趣兒/趣儿
- 跑兒/跑儿
- 跟兒/跟儿
- 路兒/路儿
- 蹦兒/蹦儿 (bèngr)
- 躉兒/趸儿
- 輪兒/轮儿 (lúnr)
- 轍兒/辙儿
- 這兒/这儿 (zhèr)
- 過兒/过儿
- 道兒/道儿 (dàor)
- 𰻞𰻞兒麵/𰻝𰻝儿面 (biángbiángrmiàn)
- 那兒/那儿 (nàr)
- 鄉下老兒/乡下老儿
- 醭兒/醭儿 (búr)
- 鏝兒/镘儿
- 閤兒/合儿
- 閣兒/阁儿
- 雄兒/雄儿
- 雌兒/雌儿
- 雛兒/雏儿
- 霜兒/霜儿
- 靨兒/靥儿
- 音兒/音儿
- 頭兒/头儿 (tóur)
- 顰兒/颦儿
- 風兒/风儿
- 餡兒/馅儿 (xiànr)
- 館兒/馆儿
- 驕兒/骄儿
- 鬙兒/鬙儿
- 䰖兒/𱆈儿
- 鬮兒/阄儿
- 魚兒/鱼儿
- 鴇兒/鸨儿
- 麟兒/麟儿 (lín'ér)
- 鼻兒/鼻儿
- 齣兒/出儿
Etymology 2
editsimp. and trad. |
兒 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 児 𠒇 𫤘 |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ní
- Wade–Giles: ni2
- Yale: ní
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ni
- Palladius: ни (ni)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngai4
- Yale: ngàih
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngai4
- Guangdong Romanization: ngei4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐi̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: ngej
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋeː/
Definitions
edit兒
- a surname
- Alternative form of 齯/𫠜 (ní, “teeth grown in old age”)
- Alternative form of 倪 (“small and weak”)
- Alternative form of 郳 (Ní)
References
edit- “兒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
edit児 | |
兒 |
Kanji
edit(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 児)
Readings
editKorean
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle Chinese 兒 (MC nye).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | Recorded as Middle Korean ᅀᅵᆼ (Yale: zì?) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] | 아ᄒᆡ ᅀᆞ | Recorded as Middle Korean ᅀᆞ (zo) (Yale: zò) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527. |
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575 | 아ᄒᆡ ᄋᆞ | Recorded as Middle Korean ᄋᆞ (o) (Yale: o) in Gwangju Cheonjamun (光州千字文 / 광주천자문), 1575. |
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [아]
Hanja
editCompounds
editEtymology 2
editFrom Middle Chinese 兒 (MC ngej).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | Recorded as Middle Korean 옝 (Yale: yey?) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. |
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [je̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [예]
Hanja
edit兒 (eumhun 다시 난 이 예 (dasi nan i ye))
- hanja form? of 예 (“used in personal names”)
References
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]
- Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 30. [5]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit兒: Hán Việt readings: nhi[1][2][3], nghê[1][4]
兒: Nôm readings: nhẻ[4]
References
edit- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han pictograms
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Dungan hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 兒
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Middle Chinese proper nouns
- Old Chinese proper nouns
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese surnames
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese kyūjitai spellings
- Japanese kanji with goon reading に
- Japanese kanji with goon reading げ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading じ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading げい
- Japanese kanji with kun reading こ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ちご
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean hanja
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Nom