Triplophysa is a genus of fish in the family Nemacheilidae found mainly in and around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, as well as inland waters of the larger part of central Asia.[1] They can be distinguished from other genera of Nemacheilidae by marked sexual dimorphism, including the development of nuptial tubercles on breeding males.[2] Currently, the genus is a mixed assemblage of species. Some lineages have been identified and treated as subgenera (Hedinichthys, Indotriplophysa, Labiatophysa, Qinghaichthys and Tarimichthys), but as Wikipedia follows Fishbase for fish species all but Hedinichthys have been treated as subgenera in Wikipedia, although Kottelat in his revision of the loaches did recognise them as valid. FishBase, however, includes these in Triplophysa without specifying subgenera and treats the names given by Kottelat as synonyms.[3]
| Triplophysa | |
|---|---|
| |
| Triplophysa ferganaensis | |
| |
| Triplophysa stolickai | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Family: | Nemacheilidae |
| Genus: | Triplophysa Rendahl (de), 1933 |
| Type species | |
| Nemacheilus hutjertjuensis Rendahl, 1933
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
see text | |
Ecology
editTriplophysa zhaoi holds the record for the lowest altitude for Asian fish: it is found at 50 m (160 ft) below sea level in swamps of the Lükqün oasis, in the Turpan Depression in Xinjiang. In the other end, Triplophysa stolickai holds the record altitude for Asian fish: it is found at 5,200 m (17,100 ft) above sea level in hot springs near the Longmu Lake in western Tibet.[4] Triplophysa dalaica has been used as model species to study adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia and 13 positively selected genes involved in hypoxia response have been identified.[5] Some species are blind cave-dwellers.[6][7]
Species
editThere are currently 148 recognized species in this genus:[3][4]
- Subgenus Triplophysa Rendahl, 1933
- Triplophysa alexandrae Prokofiev, 2001
- Triplophysa aliensis (Y. F. Wu & S. Q. Zhu, 1979)
- Triplophysa altipinnis Prokofiev, 2003
- Triplophysa aluensis W. X. Li & Z. G. Zhu, 2000
- Triplophysa angeli (P. W. Fang, 1941)
- Triplophysa anshuiensis T. J. Wu, M. U. Wei, J. H. Lan & L. N. Du, 2018[8]
- Triplophysa anterodorsalis S. Q. Zhu & W. X. Cao, 1989
- Triplophysa aquaecaeruleae Prokofiev, 2001
- Triplophysa arnoldii Prokofiev, 2006
- Triplophysa bashanensis T. Q. Xu & K. F. Wang, 2009
- Triplophysa bellibarus (T. L. Tchang, T. H. Yueh & H. C. Hwang, 1963)
- Triplophysa bleekeri (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874)
- Triplophysa brachyptera (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa brahui (Zugmayer, 1912)
- Triplophysa brevibarba R. H. Ding, 1993
- Triplophysa brevicauda (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa cakaensis W. X. Cao & S. Q. Zhu, 1988
- Triplophysa chandagaitensis Prokofiev, 2002
- Triplophysa chondrostoma (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa coniptera (Turdakov, 1954)
- Triplophysa crassilabris R. H. Ding, 1994
- Triplophysa cuneicephala (T. H. Shaw & T. L. Tchang, 1931)
- Triplophysa dalaica (Kessler, 1876)
- Triplophysa daochengensis Y. Y. Wu, Z. Y. Sun & Y. S. Guo, 2016[9]
- Triplophysa daqiaoensis R. H. Ding, 1993
- Triplophysa daryoae Sheraliev, Kayumova & Peng, 2022 (Sokh stone loach)[10]
- Triplophysa dongganensis J. Yang, 2013[11]
- Triplophysa dorsalis (Kessler, 1872) (grey stoneloach)
- Triplophysa dorsonotata (Kessler, 1879)
- Triplophysa farwelli (Hora, 1935)
- Triplophysa fengshanensis J. H. Lan, 2013[11]
- Triplophysa ferganaensis Sheraliev & Peng, 2021 (Fergana stone loach)[12]
- Triplophysa flavicorpus J. X. Yang, X. Y. Chen & J. H. Lan, 2004
- Triplophysa furva S. Q. Zhu, 1992
- Triplophysa fuxianensis J. X. Yang & X. L. Chu, 1990
- Triplophysa gejiuensis (X. L. Chu & Y. R. Chen, 1979)
- Triplophysa gerzeensis W. X. Cao & S. Q. Zhu, 1988
- Triplophysa gracilis (F. Day, 1877)
- Triplophysa grahami (Regan, 1906)
- Triplophysa griffithii (Günther, 1868)
- Triplophysa gundriseri Prokofiev, 2002
- Triplophysa hexiensis (T. Q. Zhao & X. T. Wang, 1988)
- Triplophysa heyangensis S. Q. Zhu, 1992
- Triplophysa hialmari Prokofiev, 2001
- Triplophysa hsutschouensis (Rendahl), 1933)
- Triplophysa huanglongensis Gao, 1992
- Triplophysa huanjiangensis J. Yang, T. J. Wu & J. H. Lan, 2011
- Triplophysa huapingensis L. P. Zheng, J. X. Yang & X. Y. Chen, 2012[13]
- Triplophysa hutjertjuensis (Rendahl, 1933)
- Triplophysa incipiens (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa intermedia (Kessler, 1876)
- Triplophysa jianchuanensis L. P. Zheng, L. N. Du, X. Y. Chen & J. X. Yang, 2010 (Jianchuan stone loach)
- Triplophysa jiarongensis Y. Lin, C. Li & J. K. Song, 2012[14]
- Triplophysa kafirnigani (Turdakov, 1948)
- Triplophysa kashmirensis (Hora, 1922)[15]
- Triplophysa kaznakowi Prokofiev, 2004
- Triplophysa kullmanni Bănărescu, Nalbant & Ladiges, 1975
- Triplophysa kungessana (Kessler, 1879)
- Triplophysa labiata (Kessler, 1874) (Plain thick-lip loach)
- Triplophysa lacusnigri (Berg, 1928)
- Triplophysa lacustris J. X. Yang & X. L. Chu, 1990
- Triplophysa langpingensis J. Yang, 2013[11]
- Triplophysa laterimaculata J. L. Li, N. F. Liu & J. X. Yang, 2007
- Triplophysa laticeps W. Zhou & G. H. Cui, 1997
- Triplophysa leptosoma (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa lihuensis T. J. Wu, J. Yang & J. H. Lan, 2012[16]
- Triplophysa lixianensis C. L. He, Z. B. Song & E. Zhang, 2008
- Triplophysa longianguis Y. F. Wu & C. Z. Wu, 1984
- Triplophysa longibarbata (Y. R. Chen, J. X. Yang, Sket & Aljančič, 1998)
- Triplophysa longipectoralis L. P. Zheng, L. N. Du, X. Y. Chen & J. X. Yang, 2009
- Triplophysa longliensis Q. Ren, J. X. Yang & X. Y. Chen, 2012[17]
- Triplophysa macrocephala J. Yang, T. J. Wu & J. X. Yang, 2012[18]
- Triplophysa macromaculata J. X. Yang, 1990
- Triplophysa macrophthalma S. Q. Zhu & Q. Z. Guo, 1985
- Triplophysa markehenensis (S. Q. Zhu & Y. F. Wu, 1981)
- Triplophysa marmorata (Heckel, 1838)[15] (Kashmir loach)
- Triplophysa microphysa (P. W. Fang, 1935)
- Triplophysa microps (Steindachner, 1866)
- Triplophysa minuta (S. C. Li, 1966)
- Triplophysa moquensis R. H. Ding, 1994
- Triplophysa nandanensis J. H. Lan, J. X. Yang & Y. R. Chen, 1995
- Triplophysa nanpanjiangensis (S. Q. Zhu & W. X. Cao, 1988)
- Triplophysa nasobarbatula D. Z. Wang & D. J. Li, 2001
- Triplophysa ninglangensis Y. F. Wu & C. Z. Wu, 1988
- Triplophysa nujiangensa X. Y. Chen, G. H. Cui & J. X. Yang], 2004
- Triplophysa obscura X. T. Wang, 1987
- Triplophysa obtusirostra Y. F. Wu & C. Z. Wu, 1988
- Triplophysa orientalis (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa papillosolabiata (Kessler, 1879)
- Triplophysa pappenheimi (P. W. Fang, 1935)
- Triplophysa paradoxa (Turdakov, 1955) (Talas stone loach)
- Triplophysa parvus Z. M. Chen, W. X. Li & J. X. Yang, 2009
- Triplophysa polyfasciata R. H. Ding, 1996
- Triplophysa pseudoscleroptera (S. Q. Zhu & Y. F. Wu, 1981)
- Triplophysa pseudostenura C. L. He, E. Zhang & Z. B. Song, 2012[19]
- Triplophysa qilianensis W. J. Li, X. C. Chen & Y. P. Hu, 2015[20]
- Triplophysa qiubeiensis W. X. Li & H. F. Yang, 2008
- Triplophysa robusta (Kessler, 1876)
- Triplophysa rosa X. Y. Chen & J. X. Yang, 2005[6]
- Triplophysa scapanognatha Prokofiev, 2007
- Triplophysa scleroptera (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa sellaefer (Nichols, 1925)
- Triplophysa sewerzowi (G. V. Nikolskii, 1938) (Severtsov's loach)
- Triplophysa shaanxiensis J. X. Chen, 1987
- Triplophysa shilinensis Y. R. Chen & J. X. Yang, 1992
- Triplophysa shiyangensis (T. Q. Zhao & X. T. Wang, 1983)
- Triplophysa siluroides (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa stenura (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa stewarti (Hora, 1922)
- Triplophysa stolickai (Steindachner, 1866) (Tibetan stone loach)
- Triplophysa strauchii (Kessler, 1874) (Spotted thick-lip loach)
- Triplophysa tanggulaensis S. Q. Zhu, 1982)
- Triplophysa tenuicauda (Steindachner, 1866)
- Triplophysa tenuis (F. Day, 1877)
- Triplophysa tianeensis X. Y. Chen, G. H. Cui & J. X. Yang, 2004
- Triplophysa tianxingensis H. F. Yang, W. X. Li & Z. M. Chen, 2016[21]
- Triplophysa tibetana (Regan, 1905)
- Triplophysa turpanensis Y. F. Wu & C. Z. Wu, 1992
- Triplophysa ulacholica (V. P. Anikin, 1905) (Issyk-kul naked loach)
- Triplophysa uranoscopus (Kessler, 1872)
- Triplophysa venusta S. Q. Zhu & W. X. Cao, 1988
- Triplophysa waisihani L. Cao & E. Zhang, 2008
- Triplophysa wulongensis Chen, Sheraliev, Shu & Peng, 2021[2]
- Triplophysa wuweiensis (S. C. Li & S. Y. Chang, 1974)
- Triplophysa xiangshuingensis W. X. Li, 2004
- Triplophysa xiangxiensis (G. Y. Yang, F. X. Yuan & Y. M. Liao, 1986)
- Triplophysa xichouensis Liu, Pan, Yang & Chen, 2017[22]
- Triplophysa xichangensis S. Q. Zhu & W. X. Cao, 1989
- Triplophysa xingshanensis (G. R. Yang & C. X. Xie, 1983)
- Triplophysa xiqiensis R. H. Ding & Q. Lai, 1996
- Triplophysa yajiangensis S. L. Yan, Z. Y. Sun & Y. S. Guo, 2015[23]
- Triplophysa yaopeizhii T. Q. Xu, C. G. Zhang & B. Cai, 1995
- Triplophysa yunnanensis J. X. Yang, 1990
- Triplophysa zhaoi Prokofiev, 2006
- Triplophysa zhenfengensis D. Z. Wang & D. J. Li, 2001
- Subgenus Indotriplophysa Prokofiev, 2010
- Triplophysa choprai (Hora, 1934) (snow loach)
- Triplophysa crassicauda (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa eugeniae (Prokofiev, 2002)
- Triplophysa ladacensis (Günther, 1868)
- Triplophysa yasinensis (Alcock, 1898)
- Subgenus Labiatophysa Prokofiev, 2010
- Triplophysa herzensteini (Berg, 1909)
- Triplophysa microphthalma (Kessler, 1879)
- Triplophysa nasalis (Kessler, 1876)
- Subgenus Qinghaichthys S. Q. Zhu, 1981
- Triplophysa alticeps (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa rotundiventris (Y. F. Wu & Yuan Chen, 1979)
- Triplophysas zaidamensis (Kessler, 1874)
- Triplophysa zamegacephala (T. Q. Zhao, 1985)
- Subgenus Tarimichthys Prokofiev, 2010
- Triplophysa bombifrons (Herzenstein, 1888)
- Triplophysa edsinica Prokofiev, 2003
References
editWikimedia Commons has media related to Triplophysa.
- ^ "Triplophysa". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
- ^ a b Chen, Shijing; Sheraliev, Bakhtiyor; Shu, Lu; Peng, Zuogang (2021). "Triplophysa wulongensis, a new species of cave-dwelling loach (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae) from Chongqing, Southwest China". ZooKeys (1026): 179–192. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1026.61570. PMC 8018939. PMID 33850421. S2CID 233211037. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Triplophysa". FishBase. June 2016 version.
- ^ a b Kottelat, M. (2012). "Conspectus_cobitidum.pdf Conspectus cobitidum: an inventory of the loaches of the world (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cobitoidei)" (PDF). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Supplement No. 26: 1–199.
- ^ Wang, Y.; Yang, L.; Wu, B.; Song, Z.; He, S. (2015). "Transcriptome analysis of the plateau fish (Triplophysa dalaica): Implications for adaptation to hypoxia in fishes". Gene. 565 (2): 211–220. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2015.04.023. PMID 25869933. S2CID 5210846.
- ^ a b Chen, X.-Y.; Yang, J.-X. (2005). "Triplophysa rosa sp. nov.: a new blind loach from China". Journal of Fish Biology. 66 (3): 599–608. doi:10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00622.x.
- ^ Romero, A.; Zhao, Y.; Chen, X. (2009). "The Hypogean fishes of China". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 86 (1): 211–278. doi:10.1007/s10641-009-9441-3. S2CID 41778476.
- ^ Wu, Tie-Jun; Wei, Mu-Lan; Lan, Jia-Hu; Du, Li-Na (2018). "Triplophysa anshuiensis, a new species of blind loach from the Xijiang River, China (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae)". ZooKeys (744): 67–77. doi:10.3897/zookeys.744.21742. PMC 5904374. PMID 29670445. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
- ^ Wu, Y.-Y.; Sun, Z.-Y.; Guo, Y.-S. (2016). "A new species of the genus Triplophysa (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae), Triplophysa daochengensis, from Sichuan Province, China". Zoological Research. 37 (5): 290–296. PMC 5071342. PMID 27686788.
- ^ Sheraliev, Bakhtiyor; Kayumova, Yorkinoy; Peng, Zuogang (2022). " Triplophysa daryoae, a new nemacheilid loach species (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae) from the Syr Darya River basin, Central Asia". ZooKeys (1125): 47–67. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1125.85431. PMID 36761291. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
- ^ a b c Lan, J.; Gan, X.; Wu, T.; Yang, J. (2013). Cave Fishes of Guangxi, China. Science Press. p. 284. ISBN 978-7-03-037658-9.
- ^ Sheraliev, Bakhtiyor; Peng, Zuogang (2021). "Triplophysa ferganaensis, a new loach species from Fergana Valley in Central Asia (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae)". Journal of Fish Biology. 99 (3): 807–817. doi:10.1111/jfb.14764. PMID 33900620. S2CID 233397542. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
- ^ Zheng, L.-P.; Yang, J.-X.; Chen, X.-Y. (2012). "A new species of Triplophysa (Nemacheilidae: Cypriniformes), from Guangxi, southern China". Journal of Fish Biology. 80 (4): 831–841. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03227.x. PMID 22471802.
- ^ Lin, Y.; Li, C.; Song, J.-K. (2012). "A new species of troglobitic loach (Cypriniformes, Balitoridae), Triplophysa jiarongensis, from Guizhou, China". Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica. 37 (3): 640–647.
- ^ a b Bashir, A.; Bisht, B.S.; Mir, J.I.; Kumar, R.; Patiyal, R.S. (2016). "Morphological, molecular characterization and taxonomic status of Triplophysa marmorata and Triplophysa kashmirensis (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae) from Kashmir valley, India". Revista de Biología Tropical. 64 (2): 473–482. doi:10.15517/rbt.v64i2.19591. PMID 29451748.
- ^ Wu, T.-J.; Yang, J.; Lan, J.-H. (2012). "A New Blind Loach Triplophysa lihuensis sp. nov. (Teleostei: Balitoridae) from Guangxi, China" (PDF). Zoological Studies. 51 (6): 874–880.
- ^ Ren, Q.; Yang, J.-X.; Chen, X.-Y. (2012). "A new species of the genus Triplophysa (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae), Triplophysa longliensis sp. nov., from Guizhou, China" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3586: 187–194. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3586.1.17.
- ^ Yang, J.; Wu, T.-J.; Yang, J.-X. (2012). "A new cave-dwelling loach, Triplophysa macrocephala (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Balitoridae), from Guangxi, China". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 93 (2): 169–175. doi:10.1007/s10641-011-9901-4. S2CID 16873696.
- ^ He, C.; Zhang, E.; Song, Z. (2012). "Triplophysa pseudostenura, a new nemacheiline loach (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae) from the Yalong River of China" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3586: 272–280. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3586.1.26.
- ^ Li, W.-J.; Chen, X.-C.; Hu, Y.-P. (2015). "A new species of the genus Triplophysa (Nemacheilinae), Triplophysa qilianensis sp. nov., from Qinghai, China" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3905 (3): 418–424. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3905.3.7. PMID 25661219.
- ^ Yang, H.-F.; Li, W.-X.; Chen, Z.-M. (2016). "A new cave species of the genus Triplophysa from Yunnan, China". Zoological Research. 37 (5): 297–300. doi:10.13918/j.issn.2095-8137.2016.5.296. PMC 5071343. PMID 27686789.
- ^ Liu, S. W.; Pan, X. F.; Yang, J. X.; Chen, X. Y. (2017). "A new cave-dwelling loach, Triplophysa xichouensis sp. nov. (Teleostei Nemacheilidae) from Yunnan, China". Journal of Fish Biology. 90 (3): 834–846. doi:10.1111/jfb.13201. ISSN 0022-1112. PMID 28155227.
- ^ Yan, S.-L.; Sun, Z.-Y.; Guo, Y.-S. (2015). "A new species of Triplophysa Rendahl (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Sichuan Province, China". Zoological Research. 36 (5): 299–304. PMC 4771960. PMID 26452694.