James Holley Douglas (born June 21, 1951) is an American politician from the state of Vermont. A Republican, he served as the 80th governor of Vermont from 2003 to 2011. On August 27, 2009, Douglas announced that he would not seek re-election for a fifth term in 2010. He left the office in January 2011.
Jim Douglas | |
|---|---|
 Douglas in 2009 | |
| 80th Governor of Vermont | |
| In office January 9, 2003 – January 6, 2011 | |
| Lieutenant | Brian Dubie |
| Preceded by | Howard Dean |
| Succeeded by | Peter Shumlin |
| Chair of the National Governors Association | |
| In office July 20, 2009 – July 11, 2010 | |
| Preceded by | Ed Rendell |
| Succeeded by | Joe Manchin |
| 28th Treasurer of Vermont | |
| In office January 5, 1995 – January 9, 2003 | |
| Governor | Howard Dean |
| Preceded by | Paul W. Ruse Jr. |
| Succeeded by | Jeb Spaulding |
| 34th Secretary of State of Vermont | |
| In office January 8, 1981 – January 7, 1993 | |
| Governor | Richard A. Snelling Madeleine Kunin Richard A. Snelling Howard Dean |
| Preceded by | James A. Guest |
| Succeeded by | Donald M. Hooper |
| Personal details | |
| Born | James Holley Douglas June 21, 1951 Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Dorothy Foster |
| Education | Middlebury College (BA) |
On January 6, 2011, Douglas became an executive in residence at Middlebury College[1] where he taught a 24 student course titled Vermont Government and Politics.[2] Douglas is the interim director of the Vermont Historical Society.[3]
Douglas currently serves on the Governors' Council of the Bipartisan Policy Center in Washington, D.C.
Early career
editDouglas was born in the city of Springfield, Massachusetts. In 1968, he graduated from East Longmeadow High School in the town of East Longmeadow, Massachusetts. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree from Middlebury College in Middlebury, Vermont, where he had been active in the College Republicans, eventually becoming chairman.[4] At Middlebury College, Douglas was a Russian studies major. Vermont maintained a sister-state relationship with the Republic of Karelia, Russia until it was broken by Governor Phil Scott in March 2022 as protest against the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine. While influenced by Douglas, this relationship was started in 1991 under the governorship of Madeleine Kunin.[5]
In November 1972, Douglas was elected to the Vermont House of Representatives, where he became the House Majority Leader during his third two-year term at the age of 25. He left the Vermont General Assembly in 1979, afterwards serving as a top aide to Governor Richard A. Snelling. Douglas was elected Secretary of State in November 1980, a post which he held until 1992. That year he sought election to the U.S. Senate, but was defeated by Democratic incumbent Patrick Leahy.
Vermont State Treasurer
editDuring his tenure as Vermont State Treasurer, Democrat Paul W. Ruse Jr. was criticized for being too friendly with financial services firms that had an interest in matters handled by the state treasurer, including accepting campaign contributions from them, and appearing in an advertisement for one.[6] Because of the controversy, in 1994 Ruse decided not to run for reelection.[7] This decision was not widely known; Ruse stated that he withheld his decision not to run so that Ed Flanagan, the incumbent Vermont State Auditor, would not run for treasurer.[8] Flanagan and Ruse had been involved in a behind the scenes dispute over details of an auditor's report about the treasurer's office; Flanagan disclaimed any interest in the treasurer's post.[9]
As a result of Ruse's decision not to run again, only Douglas had filed as a major party candidate for treasurer; in the absence of a Democratic candidate, Douglas won the Democratic nomination by write-in vote.[10] In the general election, Douglas faced only token opposition, and received over 91% of the votes.[11]
Ruse's deputy had retired in October 1994.[12] After Douglas won the treasurer's election, Ruse offered him the deputy's position so that Douglas would have an opportunity to learn the workings of the treasurer's office.[13] Douglas accepted, and served as deputy state treasurer from November 1994 until beginning his term as treasurer in January 1995.[14] Douglas was reelected in 1996, 1998 and 2000.[15]
Governor of Vermont
editIn the 2002 gubernatorial election to succeed five-term Governor Howard Dean, Douglas achieved a plurality over Democratic Lieutenant Governor Doug Racine, 45 to 42%. The Vermont constitution requires that the legislature select the governor if no candidate receives over 50%. The Vermont General Assembly almost always chooses the candidate who won a plurality, and Racine did not contest the results. In January 2003, the legislature selected Douglas by a vote of 159 to 16. Douglas won reelection to a second 2-year term in 2004, defeating Democrat Peter Clavelle, 59 to 38%.
In early 2005, Douglas announced that he would not run against Democratic-leaning independent Jim Jeffords in the 2006 Senate race. In April 2005, Jeffords announced that he would not seek re-election, which led to speculation that Douglas would throw his hat into the ring against Vermont independent Congressman Bernie Sanders, who had announced his candidacy for the seat. On April 30, Douglas announced again that he would not seek Jeffords' seat, and simultaneously announced that he would run for re-election for governor in 2006. Many pundits believed that Douglas was the only Republican who could possibly defeat Sanders, and his decision to run for governor effectively handed the open Senate seat to Sanders. Douglas was re-elected governor with 57% of the vote over Democrat Scudder Parker.
On May 22, 2007, Governor Douglas signed a landmark civil rights bill banning discrimination on the basis of gender identity by employers, financial institutions, housing, public accommodations, and other contexts.[16] After the Vermont Human Rights Commission recommended that Governor Douglas veto a similar bill in 2006,[17] Douglas worked with legislators to craft a new bill in 2007. This bill passed both chambers of the legislature with overwhelming bipartisan support.[18] Douglas decided to stand for re-election in 2008 and ran unopposed in the Republican primary on September 9, 2008. His principal challengers in the general election were Independent/Progressive Anthony Pollina, and Democrat Gaye Symington. Douglas won a fourth term with nearly 54% of the vote. Although that was his lowest percentage since his initial narrow victory over Doug Racine, he bested his closest challenge, Pollina, by 32%.
Douglas became the first governor to meet with President Barack Obama in the White House on February 2, 2009.[19] He also served as Chairman of the National Governors Association from 2009 to 2010. On April 6, 2009, Douglas vetoed a bill allowing marriage for same-sex couples in Vermont. Democrats in the Vermont House and Senate overrode the veto with a supermajority the next day, marking the first time Douglas had been overridden during his tenure.[20] On June 2, 2009, Democrats in the Vermont House and Senate voted to override Douglas's veto of the Vermont state budget.[21]
On August 27, 2009, Douglas announced that he would not seek re-election in 2010.[22] In early 2010, Douglas became the first American political leader to be appointed to the National Order of Quebec ("L'Ordre National du Quebec" in French), receiving the insignia of an Officer of the order from Premier Jean Charest at a ceremony at the National Assembly of Quebec. He was recognized for strengthening Vermont's historical bonds with Quebec and making improved relations with the province a priority of his governorship.[23] On June 17, 2010, his approval rating stood at 65%.[24]
Cabinet and administration
edit| The Douglas Cabinet | ||
|---|---|---|
| OFFICE | NAME | TERM |
| Governor | Jim Douglas | 2003–2011 |
| Lt. Governor | Brian Dubie | 2003–2011 |
| Secretary of Administration | Michael K. Smith Charles Plympton Smith Michael K. Smith Neale F. Lunderville |
2003–2005 2005–2006 2006–2008 2008–2011 |
| Secretary of Commerce & Community Development | Kevin Dorn | 2003–2011 |
| Secretary of Natural Resources | Elizabeth "Wibs" McLain Thomas Torti George Crombie Jonathan Wood |
2003–2005 2005–2007 2007–2008 2008–2011 |
| Secretary of Agriculture | Steve Kerr Roger Allbee |
2003–2006 2006–2011 |
| Secretary of Human Services | Charles Plympton Smith Michael K. Smith Cynthia LaWare Robert Hofmann |
2003–2005 2005–2006 2006–2008 2008–2011 |
| Secretary of Transportation | Patricia MacDonald Dawn Terrill Neale F. Lunderville David K. Dill |
2003–2004 2004–2006 2006–2008 2008–2011 |
| Commissioner of Labor | Michael Bertrand Patricia MacDonald Patricia Moulton Powden |
2003–2004 2004–2007 2007–2010 |
| Commissioner of Public Service | David O'Brien | 2003–2011 |
| Commissioner of Public Safety | Kerry Sleeper Thomas Tremblay |
2003–2007 2007–2011 |
| Commissioner of Banking, Insurance, Securities and Health Care Administration | John Crowley Paulette Thabault Michael Bertrand |
2003–2006 2006–2010 2010–2011 |
| Chief Recovery Officer | Tom Evslin | 2009–2010 |
Post-gubernatorial career
editDouglas was succeeded as Governor by Democrat Peter Shumlin.
After leaving office Douglas became an Executive in Residence at Middlebury College and authored a memoir, which was published in late 2012.[25] On July 29, 2015, Douglas was named the interim director of the Vermont Historical Society.[26]
Electoral history
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jim Douglas (incumbent) | 170,492 | 53.43 | ||
| Independent | Anthony Pollina | 69,791 | 21.87 | ||
| Democratic | Gaye Symington | 69,534 | 21.79 | ||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jim Douglas (incumbent) | 148,014 | 56.38 | ||
| Democratic | Scudder Parker | 108,090 | 41.17 | ||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jim Douglas (incumbent) | 181,540 | 58.70 | ||
| Democratic | Peter Clavelle | 117,327 | 37.93 | ||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jim Douglas | 103,436 | 44.94 | ||
| Democratic | Doug Racine | 97,565 | 42.39 | ||
| Independent | Cornelius Hogan | 22,353 | 9.71 | ||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Patrick Leahy (incumbent) | 154,762 | 54.16 | ||
| Republican | Jim Douglas | 123,854 | 43.35 | ||
Notes
edit- ^ "The governor becomes a teacher". Middlebury. 2010-11-05. Archived from the original on 2018-03-13. Retrieved 2018-03-13.
- ^ "Middlebury.edu". Archived from the original on 2011-02-18. Retrieved 2010-10-31.
- ^ Former Gov. Douglas interim director of historical society, WCAX, Jul. 29, 2015 [1] Archived 2015-09-11 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Heintz, Paul (September 3, 2014). "Former Gov. Jim Douglas Dishes on Politics, Press in Memoir". Seven Days. Archived from the original on May 27, 2015. Retrieved May 12, 2015.
- ^ Executive Order No. 100–91 ("Vermont-Karelia Sister-State Relationship") (January 7, 1991). The text of this Executive Order is available on leg.state.vt.us Archived 2012-02-18 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Sessions, William K., Judge (August 28, 2000). "Landell v. Sorrell". Ravellaw.com. San Francisco, CA: Ravel Law. Archived from the original on August 21, 2016. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Graf, Christopher (July 20, 1994). "Political Feud Kept Ruse Quiet: Treasurer Says He Kept Mum to Keep Flanagan Out of Race". St. Albans Messenger. St. Albans, VT. Associated Press. p. 2. Archived from the original on August 28, 2008. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
- ^ ""Political Feud Kept Ruse Quiet"". Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2016-08-15.
- ^ ""Political Feud Kept Ruse Quiet"". Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2016-08-15.
- ^ "Election results: Vermont State Treasurer: 1813-2014" (PDF). www.sec.state.vt.us/. Vermont State Archives and Records Administration. 2014. p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-02-02. Retrieved 2016-08-15.
- ^ ""Election results: Vermont State Treasurer: 1813-2014"" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-02-02. Retrieved 2016-08-15.
- ^ Sneyd, Ross (November 15, 1994). "Douglas Takes Office as Deputy Treasurer". St. Albans Messenger. St. Albans, VT. p. 2. Archived from the original on August 28, 2008. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
- ^ ""Douglas Takes Office as Deputy Treasurer"". Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2016-08-15.
- ^ ""Douglas Takes Office as Deputy Treasurer"". Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2016-08-15.
- ^ ""Election results: Vermont State Treasurer: 1813-2014"" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-02-02. Retrieved 2016-08-15.
- ^ "Vermont Governor Signs Non-Discrimination Bill Into Law, available at". Archived from the original on 2015-11-19. Retrieved 2015-08-31.
- ^ Gov. Douglas vetoes gender discrimination bill, Times Argus, May 18, 2006 [2] Archived 2015-11-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Acts and Resolves of the 2007–2008 session of the Vermont General Assembly, Act 41 (S.51). The text of this act is available on leg.state.vt.us Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Douglas Meets with President Obama," WCAX Archived 2012-02-14 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Vermont Legislature Legalizes Gay Marriage, WMUR Archived 2014-01-02 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Vermont House, Senate Override Douglas Veto," WPTZ (June 2, 2009) Archived July 19, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Douglas Will Not Seek Re-Election," WCAX (August 27, 2009) Archived March 17, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Communiques.gov.qc.ca Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine "Ordre national du Québec – The Premier honours the Governor of the State of Vermont" (March 11, 2010)
- ^ Rasmussenreports.com Archived 2010-06-28 at the Wayback Machine Rasmussen Reports "Toplines 2010 Vermont Governor" (June 17, 2010)
- ^ John Flowers Archived 2012-05-27 at the Wayback Machine, Gov. Douglas pens autobiography, Addison Independent, May 24, 2012
- ^ Former Gov. Douglas interim director of historical society, WCAX, Jul. 29, 2015 [3] Archived 2015-09-11 at the Wayback Machine
External links
edit- Vermont Governor Jim Douglas official state website
- Appearances on C-SPAN