Isaak Prokhorovych Mazepa (Ukrainian: Ісаак Прохорович Мазепа, romanized: Isaak Prokhorovych Mazepa; 16 August 1884 – 18 March 1952) was a Ukrainian politician. He was a Head of the Government of Ukrainian People's Republic from August 1919 to May 1920, and one of the central figures of the 1917 Ukrainian revolution.[1]
Isaak Mazepa | |
|---|---|
Ісаак Прохорович Мазепа | |
 | |
| 6th Chairman of People's Ministers of Ukraine | |
| In office 27 August 1919 – 26 May 1920 | |
| Preceded by | Borys Martos |
| Succeeded by | Vyacheslav Prokopovych |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Isaak Prokhorovych Mazepa 16 August 1884 Kostobobriv, Novgorod-Seversky Uyezd, Chernigov Governorate, Russian Empire (now Kostobobriv, Novhorod-Siverskyi Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine) |
| Died | 18 March 1952 (aged 67) Augsburg, West Germany |
| Nationality | Ukrainian |
| Political party | USDRP (1905) |
| Other political affiliations | RUP |
| Spouse | Natalia Synhalevych-Mazepa |
| Children | Halyna Mazepa-Koval |
| Alma mater | Saint Petersburg University (1910) |
| Occupation | Politician/Scientist/Pedagogue |
Isaak Mazepa | |
|---|---|
| Coat of arms | Kurcz Coat of Arms  |
| Noble family | Mazepa |
Early life and education
editIsaak Mazepa was born on 16 August 1884 in Kostobobriv village, Chernihiv province, Russian Empire.[2] His father, Prokhor Mazepa, was a burgher of Cossack origin.[3] He send his son to study at the Novgorod-Siversky Bursa, and later at the Chernihiv Theological Seminary, where Mazepa first got acquainted with the works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, and received a reputation of a Social Democrat.[4] However Mazepa did not want to become a priest and began to prepare for admission to the Faculty of Natural Sciences of St. Petersburg University.[3] In 1904, he entered St. Petersburg University.[5]
From 1905, Mazepa was a member of the Revolutionary Ukrainian Party, and from 1906 a member of the Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party (USDRP).[6] As the most active member of the party, he was delegated to Kyiv in 1907 to participate in an illegal congress of the USDRP from the St. Petersburg organization.[4] In 1910, Mazepa graduated from St. Petersburg University.[4]
Work
editIn 1911–1915, he worked as an agronomist in zemstvo institutions of the Nizhny Novgorod province.[7] In 1915, Mazepa moved to Katerynoslav (now Dnipro, Ukraine) working in the provincial food committee. At the same time, he established contacts with the local illegal USDRP organization, which launched extensive anti-war propaganda.[2]
Revolutionary activity
editAfter the February Revolution of 1917 in Russia Mazepa was a member of the Katerynoslav City Duma and the Katerynoslav Council of Workers 'and Peasants' Deputies, and in April 1918 he headed the Katerynoslav Provincial Revolutionary Council.[7] In October 1918 he was arrested for editing a newspaper Nashe Slovo, but soon was released.[8] In January 1919, Mazepa was a deputy of the Labor Congress of Ukraine, and from April 1919 he was the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian People's Republic in the government of Borys Martos.[6]
From August 27, 1919, to May 25, 1920, Mazepa was a Chairman of the Council of People's Ministers of the Ukrainian People's Republic.[7] In May–June 1920, he was a Minister of Land Affairs of the UPR.[2] He took part in the First Winter Campaign 1919-20 within the Winter Campaigns of the Army of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1919-20 and 1921.[5]
In exile
editFrom 1920 Mazepa lived in exile in Lviv, where he edited the USDRP newspaper The Free Ukraine and the magazine Socialist Thought.[9]
In 1923, he moved to Czechoslovakia.[3] From 1927 he was an associate professor at the Ukrainian Academy of Economics in Podebrady and worked at the Ukrainian Institute of Sociology.[2] During the interwar period he was one of the leading figures of the USDRP Foreign Delegation. He defended Ukrainian interests at many social democratic conferences, was a member of the executive committee of the Labour and Socialist Internationals.[7]
After the wife's death, Mazepa decided to move to Austria and Germany.[5] From October 1946 he was a professor at the Ukrainian Technical and Economic Institute in Munich.[10] In 1948, he was one of the co-organizers of the Ukrainian National Council in exile and was elected the first chairman of the Executive Body of the UN Council (until January 1952).[7] In 1950 Mazepa became the founder of the Ukrainian Socialist Party.[8]
Mazepa is the author of works/articles like Bolshevism and the Occupation of Ukraine (1922), The Foundations of Our Revival (1946).[5]
Isaak Mazepa died on 18 March 1952 in Augsburg, Germany.[11]
Personal life
editBeing a student of St. Petersburg University Mazepa was acquainted with a student of the Medical Women's Institute Natalia Singalevich, also a member of the USDRP.[2] Soon they got married, and in 1910 their daughter Halyna Mazepa was born.[3] She became an artist. In 1945 Mazepa's wife Natalia Singalevich and two of their grandchildren tragically died during a raid on Prague by American aircraft.[3]
Works (selected)
edit- Bolshevism and the occupation of Ukraine, Lviv, 1922. - 156 p.
- The created state (the struggle of 1919), Collection of memory of Symon Petliura (1879-1926), Prague, 1930. - P. 16–76.
- From my St. Petersburg memories, Dnipro, 1938. - P. 17-25
- Foundations of our revival, New Ulm: ed. Prometheus, 1946
- Ukraine in the fire and storm of the revolution of 1917–1921 .- Vol. I: Central Council - Hetmanate, Directory. Prague: "Breakthrough" , 1942; New Ulm: "Prometheus", 1950-210 p.
References
edit- ^ "Isaaк Mazepa. At the Head of the Executive Committee of the Ukrainian National Rada". szru.gov.ua. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d e "Мазепа-2 | Хайвей". Хайвей (in Ukrainian). 9 August 2009. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d e МАКОВИЦЬКА, Світлана; ДОВГАЛЬ, Сергій (18 August 2004). "Соціалістичні стежки Ісаака Мазепи". Україна Молода (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ a b c Половець, Володимир. "ІСАК ПРОХОРОВИЧ МАЗЕПА (1884 – 1952)" (PDF). Сіверянський літопис: 149–155.
- ^ a b c d "МАЗЕПА". leksika.com.ua. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ a b Осташко, Т.С. (2009). Енциклопедія історії України, МАЗЕПА Ісаак Прохорович. Vol. 6. Наукова думка.
- ^ a b c d e "Історія України. Довідник". history.franko.lviv.ua. Archived from the original on 26 May 2007. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ a b "Мазепа Ісаак Прохорович — Енциклопедія Сучасної України". esu.com.ua. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ Smele, Jonathan D. (19 November 2015). Historical Dictionary of the Russian Civil Wars, 1916-1926. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 729. ISBN 978-1-4422-5281-3.
- ^ Скрипник, Александр (28 July 2021). "Исаак Мазепа. В огне и буре национально-освободительной борьбы". День (in Russian). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ Viatrovych, Volodymyr; Faizulin, Yaroslav; Yaremenko, Victoria; Mayorov, Maxym; Ohiienko, Vitalii; Khromov, Anatoliy. 100 YEARS OF STRUGGLE: THE UKRAINIAN REVOLUTION 1917-1921. Український інститут національної пам’яті. p. 36.