Abdul Aziz bin Haji Umar (born 20 March 1936), also sometimes referred to as Pehin Abdul Aziz Umar,[3] is a Bruneian aristocrat and politician whom had a wide range of positions in the Government of Brunei. Before to that, he served as the Minister of Communications, the Minister of Education, and the Minister of Health. His last position was as Minister of Education, which he held from 1988 until 24 May 2005. He served in the civil service beginning with his first appointment in 1964 and held a number of roles from that time until Brunei's independence in 1984, including acting Chief Minister (Menteri Besar).[4]
Abdul Aziz Umar | |
|---|---|
| عبدالعزيز عمر | |
 Abdul Aziz as the President of the Youth Council in 1967–1968[1] | |
| Minister of Education | |
| In office 30 November 1988 – 24 May 2005 | |
| Monarch | Hassanal Bolkiah |
| Deputy | Ahmad Jumat[2] |
| Preceded by | Abdul Rahman Taib |
| Succeeded by | Abdul Rahman Taib |
| In office 1 January 1984 – 21 October 1986 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Abdul Rahman Taib |
| Minister of Communications | |
| In office 21 October 1986 – 30 November 1988 | |
| Preceded by | Pengiran Bahrin |
| Succeeded by | Zakaria Sulaiman |
| Minister of Health | |
| In office 1 January 1984 – 21 October 1986 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Johar Noordin |
| Menteri Besar of Brunei | |
Acting | |
| In office 1 September 1981 – 31 December 1983 | |
| Preceded by | Pengiran Abdul Momin |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| State Secretary of Brunei | |
| In office 1 July 1974 – 1 September 1981 | |
| Preceded by | Matnor McAfee (Acting) |
| Succeeded by | Abdul Rahman Taib |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 20 March 1936 Brunei Town, Brunei |
| Spouse | Zaharah Idris |
| Parent(s) | Umar Rendah (father) Hitam Abdul Jalil (mother) |
| Relatives | Jamil Al-Sufri (half-brother) |
| Alma mater | University of Birmingham (BSS) |
| Profession |
|
| Signature |  |
Pehin Abdul Aziz was one of the leading advocates for adopting Melayu Islam Beraja (MIB) as Brunei's national philosophy in the early years following Independence, when the country's socio-political direction was still being fully defined. He also played a key role in introducing the idea into Brunei's educational system.[5] As of 2015, he currently serves as a member of the Privy Council of Brunei, the Islamic Religious Council of Brunei, the Customs Council of Brunei, the Religious Teaching University College Meeting in Seri Begawan, the Board of Trustees of the Oxford Center in the United Kingdom, and Rabitah Al-Alam in Saudi Arabia.[6]
Early life and education
editAbdul Aziz is born on 20 March 1936 at Brunei Town, and his early education was received at the Roman Catholic St. George's School in Brunei Town. He continued his education at the Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam Malay School from 1950 to 1956. After finishing his primary education, he spent a year studying at the Batu Lintang Teachers' College in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. He then came back to Brunei to finish his secondary education at Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien College. In 1957, he resumed his education at the Westminster College of Commerce in London and the Woodchester School in Gloucestershire, England. At the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom, he received a Bachelor of Social Science degree in Economics, Politics, and Sociology in 1964.[7]
Political career
editAbdul Aziz worked for the Bruneian government for almost 41 years, holding a number of significant positions, including Administrative Service Officer from 20 October 1964, Director of Resettlement in 1966, Controller of Customs and Excise in 1967, Director of Public Works in 1970, Director of Establishment in 1971, Commissioner of Lands from 30 March 1972 to 7 April 1972,[8] Commissioner of Development in 1972, Chairman of the Municipal Board in 1973, State Secretary of Brunei from 1974 to 1981, and Acting Chief Minister of Brunei from 1 September 1981 to 31 December 1983.[6]
Representatives from Brunei participated actively in the Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE) conference held in Wellington, New Zealand in 16–29 March 1965. They were able to effectively explain the challenges facing our development and its progress, as well as comprehend the challenges faced by other nations for the sake of shared interests. This was said by a spokesperson attending the meeting on behalf of the Bruneian delegation. The individuals who represented Brunei at the conference were J. S. Gould, the UN Economic Advisor to Brunei (advisor to delegation); Othman Chua Kwang Soon, the Controller of Customs and Customs (head of delegation); and Abdul Aziz, Officer of the Department of Secretaries (deputy head representative and representative secretary).[9]
The Malaysian government provided the Bruneian government with training on a number of courses, particularly in education, to support Brunei's aspirations to teach more of its citizens in various skills and abilities. A week-long trip to Malaysia in January 1982 by Pehin Aziz Umar, the Acting Chief Minister of Brunei.[10]
After the Independence of Brunei, he would go on to serve as Brunei's first Minister of Education and Health from 1 January 1984 to 21 October 1986 in the country's first ever cabinet, where on 22 April 1986, he signed the guest book at Kent Ridge National University during a visit.[11] He was reappointed as the second Minister of Communications from 21 October 1986 to 30 November 1988. On 11 August 1988, he commanded the commencement of the Post Office Act (Chapter 52) on the 1st of that following month.[12] From 30 November 1988 to 24 May 2005, he finally returned to the role of Minister of Education.[7][6]
Melayu Islam Beraja
editA number of actions were taken in 1985 to make Brunei's status as a MIB more clear. Abdul Aziz, the Minister of Education and Health, stated that "it is our ultimate objective that every Bruneian, irrespective of his or her religion and race, will understand and practise the virtues of a Malay Islamic Monarchy" on the occasion of Brunei's admission to the World Health Organization (WHO) in May.[13] The actions of Abdul Aziz, may be interpreted as hesitant moves in the direction of strengthening the philosophy's viability as the national narrative going forward and laying the foundation for a gradual shift towards constitutionalism. If the monarchy keeps up its image as the protector of Malays and the guardian of the Islamic faith.[14] Under his direction, the curriculum at schools currently includes MIB, and the practice of Islamic law has been extremely strict.[15]
Amedeo crisis
editDuring the Amedeo Corporation scandal in 1998, Abdul Aziz-led government investigation seized control of all 27 of the businesses run by Prince Jefri Bolkiah's Amedeo Corporation on the grounds that they may have received money that was not theirs. Brunei and Prince Jefri engaged in an unusual three-month legal battle, but on 13 May 2000, it was revealed that the Prince had settled out of court with Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah's administration.[16] When the pious Pehin Abdul Aziz Umar was given control of the Brunei Investment Agency (BIA) in place of Prince Jefri, religious authority was added to buttress the monarchy. Then Minister of Education, Acting Minister of Health and Head of the Financial Task Force, Abdul Aziz would go on to state,[17]
With this settlement, Insha Allah (God willing), all assets such as hotels, buildings, lands, shares and other similar assets in Brunei Darussalam and overseas, which were acquired with money derived from BIA and are at present under the control of his Highness (Prince Jefri) and his family, will be returned to the BIA.
— Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Wijaya Dato Seri Setia Haji Abdul Aziz bin Begawan Pehin Udana Khatib Dato Seri Paduka Haji Awang Umar, The Sunday Times (14 May 2000)
Other appointments
editAdditionally, Pehin Abdul Aziz also held other special positions both nationally and internationally in addition to the primary portfolio. Within the nation, he was a member of the State Legislative Council, member of the Council of Succession,[5] member of the Council of Ministers, member of the Privy Council,[5] member of the Islamic Religious Council,[5] member of the Brunei Investment Advisory Board, first deputy chairman of the Royal Brunei Airlines (RBA) board of directors, non-executive director of Brunei Shell Petroleum (BSP), non-executive director of Brunei Liquefied Natural Gas (BLNG), chairman of the National Development Committee, secretary to Brunei Defence Council, chairman of Brunei Defence Council, vice-chancellor of Universiti Brunei Darussalam (1985–1986; 1989–1991),[18] chairman of the Supreme National Council of Malay Islamic Monarchy of Brunei Darussalam, chairman of the Brunei Darussalam National Accreditation Council, president of the Brunei Youth Council, chairman of the Universiti Brunei Darussalam Council, chairman of the National Education Council, chairman of Yayasan's administrative committee from 5 October 2000 to 31 December 2008,[19][20] chairman of the Brunei Investment Agency (BIA),[5] and lastly the chairman of the Tahfiz Al-Quran Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Institution.[7]
Outside of Brunei, he has been a member of the Board of Trustees of the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies United Kingdom (OXCIS) since 15 May 1998,[5] deputy chairman of the ISESCO (Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation), and a mmeritus member of the International Council of Education for Teaching.[7]
Later life
editAbdul Aziz stated on 12 April 2021 that the Brunei Malay Teachers Association (PGGMB), which was founded 82 years ago, must work to keep up with modern demands to support national progress. During the opening ceremony of PGGMB's 71st Delegates General Meeting for the 2020–2021 session at the PGGMB School Sungai Akar, he stated:[21]
How can PGGMB shape itself to be relevant in this age? Because PGGMB today cannot justify itself on the needs and goals of the community 82 years ago. This is our challenge today, on how we can inculcate PGGMB to be of noticeable significance in today’s community, so that the community will not turn away, except for its vital role in developing our beloved nation. Relevance will only be visible through unity of Malay teachers in the country, that is revolved around the national interest and the community at large.
— Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Wijaya Dato Seri Setia Haji Abdul Aziz bin Begawan Pehin Udana Khatib Dato Seri Paduka Haji Awang Umar, Borneo Bulletin
Personal life
editBorn on 20 March 1936, to an aristocrat, Begawan Pehin Udana Khatib Dato Seri Paduka Haji Awang Umar. Abdul Aziz is married to Datin Paduka Hajah Zaharah binti Haji Idris and together they have 5 children;[7] including Anita Binurul Zahrina,[22] who went on to marry Major General Hamzah.[23] He had an elder brother named, Tahir Umar (1923–2014), whom also served with the government and as a public prosecutor.[3] Notably, he is also the half brother of Jamil Al-Sufri.
Titles, styles and honours
editTitles and styles
editPehin Abdul Aziz was bestowed the Manteri title of Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Wijaya on 5 September 1977,[24] styled as Yang Berhormat. Moreover, he has earned the following honours;[7][25]
Awards
editHe has been given the following awards:[7]
- Youth Leadership Merit (2006)[26]
- Outstanding Health Award
- Prominent Religious Award (2009)
- Sultan Haji Omar Ali Saifuddien Education Award (24 September 2011)[27]
- SEAMEO Recognition Award (7 May 2015)[6][28]
- Distinguished Fellow Award, International Council on Education for Teaching (ICET)
Honours
editAbdul Aziz was awarded the following honours:[7]
National
Order of Setia Negara Brunei First Class (PSNB) – Dato Seri Setia (1975)
Order of Paduka Seri Laila Jasa First Class (DSLJ) – Dato Paduka Seri Laila Jasa (1970)
Order of Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei Second Class (DPMB) – Dato Paduka (1972)
Long Service Medal (PKL; 1994)
Meritorious Service Medal (PJK; 1973)
Coronation Medal First Class (1968)
Proclamation of Independence Medal (1997)
Sultan Silver Jubilee Medal First Class (1992)
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam Doctor in Literature (D.Litt.; 1996)
Foreign
- United Kingdom:
Order of the British Empire Knight Grand Cross (GBE)
- University of Birmingham Doctor in Law (LLD) – (July 1994)
- Royal College of Surgeons Fellowship – (1997)
- University of Liverpool Doctor in Law (LLD) – (3 July 2000)
- Thailand:
- Pakistan:
- Jordan:
Order of the Star of Jordan Grand Cordon
- Malaysia:
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Doctor of Engineering (DEng) – (1991)
- India:
- Aligarh Muslim University Doctor in Letters (D.Litt.) – (1999)
References
edit- ^ "Perkembangan Belia di-Brunei sa-umpama pokok yang tumboh-nya sa-makin subur" (PDF). Pelita Brunei. 15 January 1969. p. 2.
- ^ "(PDF) BRUNEI DARUSSALAM Hon. Pehin Dato Dr Awang Hj. Ahmad bin …€¦ · • Bachelor of Science in Foreign Service, University of the Philippines. • Bachelor of Science and Jurisprudence". dokumen.tips. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
- ^ a b "Negara Brunei Darussalam: obituary 2014. – Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ "BRUNEIresources.com – Pehin Aziz". www.bruneiresources.com. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f "PERSATUAN ASIA DIRAJA BAHAGIAN MALAYSIA THE MALAYSIAN BRANCH OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY" (PDF). MBRAS.
- ^ a b c d "Berita – Mantan Menteri Pendidikan terima anugerah..." www.pelitabrunei.gov.bn. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Curriculum Vitae" (PDF). SEAMEO. 2014. pp. 1–4.
- ^ "Lands Department – Land Commissioner Since 1960". www.tanah.gov.bn. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ "Persidangan E.C.A.F.E. Di-NEw Zealand Berjaya" (PDF). www.pelitabrunei.gov.bn (in Malay). 21 April 1965. p. 8. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
- ^ Nani Suryani Abu Bakar (January 2016). "Brunei relations with Malaysia 1963 - 1983". www.researchgate.net. Universiti Brunei Darussalam. Retrieved 5 May 2024.
- ^ "Minister of Education and Health of Brunei Darussalam Pehin …". www.nas.gov.sg. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ "POST OFFICE ACT (CHAPTER 52)" (PDF). BRUNEI DARUSSALAM GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. 11 August 1988.
- ^ Siddique, Sharon (11 June 2018), "Brunei Darussalam in 1985: A Year of Nation-Building", Southeast Asian Affairs 1986, ISEAS Publishing, pp. 45–52, doi:10.1355/9789812306760-006, ISBN 978-981-230-676-0, retrieved 22 April 2024
- ^ Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs. Department of Indonesian and Malayan Studies, University of Sydney. 2006. p. 120.
- ^ Far Eastern Economic Review. Far Eastern Economic Review Limited. April 1993. p. 22.
- ^ Sidhu, Jatswan S. (22 December 2009). Historical Dictionary of Brunei Darussalam. Scarecrow Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-8108-7078-9.
- ^ "Management of Uncertainties in an Autocratic State: The Case of Brunei Darussalam" (PDF). apu.ac.jp. pp. 4–5, 10–11.
- ^ "UBD People – Universiti Brunei Darussalam". 24 October 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ YSHHB (16 August 2022). "Jemaah Tadbir | Yayasan Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah" (in Malay). Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ "Sultanate – News | Negara Brunei Darussalam | Royalty lays Yayasan school foundation". sultanate.com. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ "Call to adapt to changing world". Borneo Bulletin. 13 April 2021. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ "Datin Dr Dayang Hajah Anita Binurul Zahrina binti Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Wijaya Dato Seri Setia Haji Awang Abdul Aziz". UBD BUZZ. 9 March 2022. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
- ^ "News - RBAF HOLDS SENTUHAN KASIH RAMADHAN CEREMONY..." www.mindef.gov.bn. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ^ "Pendekatan Mengenai Istiadat Mengurniakan Gelaran Di Negara Brunei Darussalam" (PDF). Pelita Brunei (in Malay). 14 July 2004. p. 11. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
- ^ "SENARAI NAMA-NAMA GELARAN DAN ORANG-ORANG YANG DIKURNIAI GELARAN" (PDF). adat-istiadat.gov.bn. 16 July 2022. p. 2.
- ^ "HARIBELIA – penerima-anugerah". www.hbk.gov.bn. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
- ^ "Kesultanan Brunei Darussalam | Kerajaan Nusantara". www.kerajaannusantara.com. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ "Award Ceremony of SEAMEO Recognition Award in conjunction with SEAMEO 50th Anniversary celebration" (PDF). SEAMEO. 7 May 2015.