The 1889 Women's tennis season was a tennis circuit composed of 63 national, regional, county, and regular tournaments. The season began in January in Madras, India, and ended in December in Dunedin, New Zealand.[1]
 Louisa Martin wins the Irish Championships and is joint title leader this year | |
| Details | |
|---|---|
| Duration | 8 January – 30 December |
| Edition | 14th |
| Tournaments | 63 |
| Categories | Important (4) National (5) Provincial/Regional/State (14) County (10) Regular (30) |
| Achievements (singles) | |
| Most tournament titles |  Louisa Martin (3) May Langrishe (3) |
| Most tournament finals | Louisa Martin (4) |
← 1888 1890 → | |
Summary of season
editFrom 1888 until 1912 Britain's Lawn Tennis Association (LTA), grew in status and influence to become the de facto international tennis governing body before the proper International Lawn Tennis Federation commenced operations.[2] Despite the United States National Lawn Tennis Association (USNLTA) forming in 1881 a good seven years before the LTA, it was the British body that set laws, settled disputes and organized the increasingly complicated tournament calendar before the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF) formed in March, 1913.[3]
After the formation of the ILTF the world tennis circuit going forward was a highly organised and structured network of national and international tournaments.[4] Most tennis tournaments were usually mixed events for men and women, and the women's international tennis circuit certainly up to 1923 was composed mainly of tournaments on the British and European Circuits.[5] After the USNLTA joined the ILTF this would later change with more and more tournaments being staged globally. Women tennis players on the world circuit up to the open era were funded by their national associations enabling them to travel and take part in international tournaments.[6]
1889 sees a slight decrease in the number women's singles events being held as the tennis circuit continues to form.[7] The 1889 women's tennis season began on 8 January with the first Southern India Championships staged at Madras, India.[1] In May 1889 at the first major event of the year the Irish Championships[8] played at the Fitzwilliam Lawn Tennis Club in Dublin, Ireland. Ireland's Louisa Martin wins the singles title beating defending champion Blanche Hillyard, she also picks up the ladies doubles event is won patnered with Florence Stanuell. In the mixed doubles Lena Rice and Willoughby Hamilton defeat Blanche Hillyard and Harold Stone. In terms of draw size the South of England Championships was the largest tournament of the year with a draw of 30 across two events.
In mid June 1889 the change in scheduling is continued when the U.S. National Championships are held at the Philadelphia Cricket Club, PA, Bertha Townsend successfully defends her title in the challenge round by defeating Lida Voorhees in straight sets.[9]
Later the same month at the third major tournament of the year the Northern Championships played at the Northern Lawn Tennis Club in Manchester, England Lottie Dod successfully defends her title beating Blanche Hillyard in three sets, in the women's doubles final sisters Bertha Steedman and Mary Steedman defeat another sister pairing Ann and Lottie Dod in straight sets, and the All England Mixed Doubles Championship event,[1] is won by Lottie Dod and John Charles Kay who defeat Blanche Hillyard and Ernest Renshaw in the final.[1]
In July at the fourth and final major event of the season the 1889 Wimbledon Championships the world's first major tennis tournament, Blanche Bingley takes the title, when she defeats upcoming Irish player Lena Rice in three very close sets to win her third major title.[10][11] The season ended on 30 December 1889 at the New Zealand Championships, held in Dunedin, New Zealand that was played on grass.[1]
Season results
editPrior to the creation of the International Lawn Tennis Federation and the establishment of its world championship events in 1913 the Wimbledon Championships, the U.S. National Championships, the Irish Lawn Tennis Championships and the Northern Championships were considered by players and historians as the four most important tennis tournaments to win,[12][13][14] and together effectively making an early incarnation of the Grand Slam events we know today.[15]
Key
| Important.[16][17][18][19] |
| National |
| Provincial/State/Regional |
| County |
| Regular |
January
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 Jan | Southern India Championships Madras Gymkhana Club Madras, India Clay Singles - Doubles |
6–4, 3–6, 6–3 |
|||
6–5, 6–3 |
February
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semi finalist | Quarter finalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 Feb.[1] | Cannes Beau Site Hotel Tournament Beau Site Hotel Cannes, France Clay Singles - Doubles |
def. |
|||
won |
? | ||||
| 12 Feb. | Otago LTA Tournament Carisbrook Club Ground Dunedin, New Zealand Grass Singles - Doubles |
8–3 |
|||
| 20 Feb. | Pau International Tournament (later Pau Championships) Pau France Clay Singles - Doubles |
def. |
|||
March
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 Mar | Championships of Bermuda Hamilton, Bermuda Grass Singles - Doubles |
4–6, 6–3, 6–3 |
|||
2–1 sets |
|||||
April
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 Apr. | Singapore Ladies LTC Spring Tournament[20] Singapore, Straits Settlement Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–2, 6–2 |
|||
| 24 Apr | Geelong Easter Tournament[21] Geelong LTC Geelong, Australia Asphalt Singles - Doubles |
3–6, 6–5, 6–3 |
May
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 May | Fitzwilliam Tournament[22] Fitzwilliam LTC Dublin, Ireland Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–3, 6–1 |
|||
6–3, 6–2 |
|||||
| 10 May. | Ceylon Championships[23] The Hill Club Nuwara Eliya, Ceylon Clay Singles - Doubles |
5–7, 6–2, 6–3 |
|||
| 11 May.[1] | New South Wales Championships Moore Park Sydney, Australia Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–3, 5–7, 6–4 |
|||
6–3, 6–0 |
|||||
2–6, 6–2, 9–7 |
|||||
| 25 May. | Irish Championships[24] Fitzwilliam LTC Dublin, Ireland Grass Singles - Doubles |
7–5, 6–0 |
|||
6–4, 6–2 |
|||||
6–4, 5–7, 6–4, 6–4[1] |
June
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Jun. | Championship of the West of England[25] Bath, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
4–6, 6–1, 6–2 |
|||
6–0, 6–3 |
|||||
6–2, 6–3[1] |
|||||
| 8 Jun. | East Gloucestershire Championships[26] Cheltenham, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6-1, 4–6, 6-2 |
|||
7-5, 5–7, 6-2[1] |
|||||
| 10 Jun. | Whitehouse Open[27] Edinburgh, Scotland Clay Singles - Doubles |
6–0, 6–1 |
|||
6–4, 10–8[1] |
|||||
| 11 June | Wissahickon Open[28] Philadelphia Cricket Club Wissahickon, United States Grass Singles - Doubles |
def |
|||
def |
|||||
def[1] |
|||||
| 14 Jun | London Championships[29] London Athletic Club London, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–2, 6–2 |
|||
| 15 June | Waterloo Open[30] Waterloo, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–1, 6–3 |
|||
3–6, 6–3, 6–3 |
|||||
6–4, 6–2[1] |
|||||
| Scottish Championships[31] Dyvour Club Edinburgh, Scotland Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–3, 6–3 |
||||
| Challenger | |||||
| U.S. National Championships[9] Philadelphia Cricket Club Philadelphia, United States Grass Singles - Doubles |
7–5, 6–2 |
||||
| Challenger | |||||
6–0, 6–2 |
|||||
| Welsh Championships Penarth LTC Penarth, Wales Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–0, 6–2 |
||||
| 22 Jun | Kent All-Comers' Championships[32] Beckenham, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–3, 7–5 |
|||
| Challenger | |||||
6–3, 6–1[1] |
|||||
| Northern Championships[33] Northern LTC Manchester, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–8, 6–3, 6–3 |
||||
| Challenger | |||||
9–7, 6–2 |
|||||
4–6, 6–3, 6–3[1] |
|||||
| 24 June | Edgbaston Open Tournament[34] Edgbaston CLTC Edgbaston, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–1, 9–7 |
|||
6–1, 6–3 |
|||||
7–5, 5–7, 6–4[1] |
|||||
| 29 Jun | Lansdowne Lawn Tennis Tournament[35] Lansdowne LTC Dublin, Ireland Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–3, 7–5 |
|||
| 30 Jun | Orange Spring Tournament[36] Orange LTC South Orange, United States Singles - Doubles |
6–4, 6–2 |
|||
July
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 Jul. | Lancaster Lawn Tennis Tournament Lancaster, United States Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–2, 6–2, 6–1 |
|||
| 13 Jul | Hull Westbourne Avenue Open Tournament[37] Hull, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–3, 6–1 |
|||
| Natal Championships Pietermaritzburg, Colony of Natal Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–0, 6–3 |
||||
| 14 Jul | Wimbledon Championships[38] AELTC London, England Grass Singles |
4–6, 8–6, 6–4 |
|||
| 20 Jul | Championship of Middlesex[39] Chiswick Park, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–4, 7–5 |
|||
7–5, 6–1 |
|||||
4–6, 6–4, 9–7 |
|||||
| 27 Jul | Yorkshire Association and County Open Tournament Ilkley LTC Ilkley, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
2–6, 6–2, 7–5 |
|||
| Challenger | |||||
6–3, 6–4 |
|||||
6–1, 6–1 |
|||||
| Sewickley Lawn Tennis Tournament[40] Sewickley, United States Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–2, 6–1 |
||||
| 28 Jul. | Ealing LTC Championship Ealing LTC Ealing, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
def |
holder |
||
August
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Aug | Northumberland County Championships[41] Constabulary Ground Newcastle, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–2, 6–4 |
|||
| South of Ireland Championships Limerick County CLTC Limerick, Ireland Grass Singles - Doubles |
3–6, 7–5, 7–5 |
||||
6–3, 7–5 |
|||||
2–6, 6–4, 6–5, 6–1[1] |
|||||
| 8 Aug | Colchester Championship[42] Colchester, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–2, 6–2 |
|||
6–1, 6–3[1] |
|||||
| 9 Aug | East Grinstead Open[43] East Grinstead, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
divided title |
|||
6-4, 6-4[1] |
|||||
| 10 Aug | Exmouth Tournament[44] Exmouth LTC Exmouth, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
2–6, 7–5, 6–4 |
|||
| Darlington Association Tournament Darlington, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
def |
||||
walkover[1] |
|||||
| Sheffield and Hallamshire Tournament Sheffield, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–5, 6–1 |
||||
| Keswick and Lake District Lawn Tennis Tournament Fitz Park Keswick, England. Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–3, 6–2 |
||||
6–2, 6–1 |
|||||
| 17 Aug | East of England Championships[45] Felixstowe, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–3, 6–4 |
|||
6–4, 6–2[1] |
|||||
| South of Scotland Championships Beech Grove Grounds Moffat, Scotland Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–4, 8–6 |
||||
6–2, 6–1 |
|||||
6–2, 2–6, 6–2[1] |
|||||
| British Columbia Championships Victoria LTC Victoria, Canada Grass Singles - Doubles |
def |
||||
| 19 Aug | Derbyshire Championships[46] Buxton, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
5–7, 6–4, 6–3 |
|||
6–4, 6–1 |
|||||
8–10, 6–1, 6–3[1] |
|||||
| 20 Aug | Nottinghamshire LTA Tournament[47] Nottingham, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
1–6, 6–3, 6–1 |
Ethel Sturgess | ||
| 24 Aug | Bournemouth Lawn Tennis Club Tournament[48] Bournemouth CLTC Bournemouth, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–4, 6–4 |
|||
| Challenger | |||||
6–2, 6–1 |
|||||
6–3, 6–1[1] |
|||||
| Royston Tournament Royston LTC Royston, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
No Ladies Singles |
||||
6–3, 6–2 |
|||||
default[1] |
|||||
| East of Scotland Championships[49] St Andrews, Scotland Grass Singles - Doubles |
7–9, 9–7, 6–2 |
||||
6–2, 6–1 |
|||||
| 27 Aug. | Southern California Championships Santa Monica Casino Courts Santa Monica, United States Asphalt Singles - Doubles |
6–5, 6–3 |
|||
| 28 Aug | North of England Championships[50] Scarborough, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–4, 8–6 |
|||
6–0, 7–5 |
|||||
6–2, 6–3[1] |
|||||
| Saxmundham LTC Tournament[51] Hurts Hall Saxmundham, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–1, 6–5 |
||||
6–0, 6–3 |
|||||
6–4, 2–6, 6–2[1] |
|||||
| 29 Aug. | Singapore Ladies LTC Autumn Tournament Singapore, Straits Settlement Grass Singles - Doubles |
4–6, 6–3, 6–2 |
|||
| 30 Aug | Trefriw Lawn Tennis Tournament[52] Trefriw Sports Ground Trefriw, Wales Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–1, 4–6, 7–5 |
|||
6–3, 6–3[1] |
|||||
September
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Sep | Sussex Championships[53] Brighton College Ground Brighton, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–3, 6–2 |
|||
6–4, 3–6, 6–0 |
|||||
6–1, 6–2 |
|||||
| 14 Sep | South of England Championships Devonshire Park LTC Eastbourne, England Grass Singles - Doubles |
5–7, 6–2, 6–1 |
|||
7–5, 6–3 |
|||||
| Dieppe Open International[54] Dieppe L.T.C. Dieppe, France Clay Singles - Doubles |
6–0, 6–3 |
||||
October
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 Oct | Scheveningen International Tournament HLTC Leimonias De Bataaf The Hague, Netherlands Cement Singles - Doubles |
def. |
|||
| 12 Oct | Queensland Championships Greet Sports Ground Brisbane, Australia Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–1, 6–0 |
|||
6–3, 6–1 |
November
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 Nov | Victorian Championships Melbourne C.C. Grounds Melbourne, Australia Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–3, 6–4 |
|||
6–4, 6–5 |
|||||
6–3, 7–5 |
December
edit| Ended | Tournament | Winner | Finalist | Semifinalist | Quarterfinalist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Dec | Corowa Lawn Tennis Tournament[55] Corowa, Australia Grass Singles - Doubles |
6–5, 5–6, 6–5 |
|||
| 16 Dec | Linwood Lawn Tennis Club Tournament Auckland, New Zealand Grass Singles - Doubles |
4–6, 6–3, 6–3 |
|||
| 30 Dec | New Zealand Championships[56] Carisbrooke Cricket Ground Dunedin, New Zealand Grass Singles - Doubles |
7–5, 7–5 |
|||
6–1, 6–2 |
|||||
9–7, 6–4 |
Tournament winners (singles)
editThis is a list of winners by the total number of singles titles won for 1889 major titles in bold:
Louisa Martin – Bath, Cheltenham, Irish Championships (3)
Lottie Dod – Darlington, Northern Championships, (2)
Ivy Arbuthnot – East Grinstead, Felixstowe, (2)
E Gordon – Auckland II, Dunedin II, (2)
Mabel Grant – Hamilton, Pietermaritzburg, (2)
Ellen M Mayne – Geelong, Sydney, (2)
E. Malcolm – Keswick, Moffat, (2)
Lida Voorhees – Livingston, Wissahickon, (2)
Mrs. Rowell – Singapore, (1)
Miss Nicholas – Madras, (1)
Frances Arrowsmith – Victoria, (1)
Sarah Allen – Trefriw, (1)
Mev. van de Poll – Scheveningen, (1)
Statistical summary
editSingles
edit- Total Tournaments (63)
- Most Titles:
- Most Finals:
- Most Matches Played:
- Most Matches Won:
- Match Winning %:
- Most Tournaments Played:
References
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- ^ Lake, Robert J. (19 Feb 2019). Tennis governance from: Routledge Handbook of Tennis, History, Culture and Politics. Oxford: Routledge. p. 341.
- ^ Lake. p.343.
- ^ Someren, Janine van (December 2010). "3: The Amateur Tennis Circuit". Women's Sporting Lives: A biographical study of elite amateur tennis players at Wimbledon. A thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Southampton, England: University of Southampton Research Repository. pp. 28–32.
- ^ Someren p.35.
- ^ Someren p.31.
- ^ Berry. David (2020). A people's history of tennis. (2) Feminists. Pluto Books London ISBN 978-0745339658. p.38.
- ^ Irish TV Documentary (4 Jul 2016). The True Tale Of The Irish Tennis Murderer. Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTE). Dublin. Ireland.
- ^ a b Collins, Bud (2010). The Bud Collins History of Tennis (2nd ed.). New York: New Chapter Press. pp. 453–454, 465, 476. ISBN 978-0942257700.
- ^ "Ladies' Singles Finals 1884-2016". wimbledon.com. Wimbledon Championships. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ John Barrett (2001). Wimbledon : The Official History of the Championships. London: CollinsWillow. pp. 30, 434. ISBN 0007117078.
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- ^ Meyers, A. Wallis (1903). Lawn Tennis at Home and Abroad. New York: Charles Scribner and Sons. p. 55.
- ^ Lake, Robert J. (2014). A Social History of Tennis in Britain. Routledge. p. 49. ISBN 9781134445578.
- ^ Crips, Mark (10 May 2022). "5: Inter-City Epiphany". In Pursuit of the Slam: My Year Travelling to Tennis's Top Four Tournaments (5 ed.). Manchester: i2i Publishing. ISBN 9781914933981.
- ^ Nauright, John; Parrish, Charles (2012). Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. p. 198. ISBN 9781598843002.
- ^ Gillmeister, Heiner (1998). Tennis:Cultural History. London: A&C Black. p. 199. ISBN 9780718501952.
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- ^ Lake, Robert J. (2014). A Social History of Tennis in Britain: Volume 5 of Routledge Research in Sports History. Routledge. p. 48. ISBN 9781134445578.
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- ^ Silva, Revatha (23 August 2018). "103rd Tennis Nationals – The past champions". The Morning. Colombo, Sri Lanka. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS. THE CHAMPIONSHIP OF IRELAND. The concluding day's play". Newcastle Journal. Northumberland, England: British Newspaper Archive. 27 May 1889. p. 8. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "BATH LAWN TENNIS WEEK. Championship of the West of England". Bristol Mercury. Bristol, England: British Newspaper Archive. 1 June 1889. p. 8. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "CHELTENHAM TENNIS TOURNAMENT. THE FINALS". Gloucester Citizen. Gloucestershire, England: British Newspaper Archive. 10 June 1889. p. 3. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS RESULTS: The Whitehouse Tournament, Edinburgh". Sporting Gazette. London, England: British Newspaper Archive. 15 June 1889. p. 22. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS TOURNEY". The Philadelphia Times. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: newspapers.com. 12 Jun 1889. p. 3. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS. The London Championship competitions promoted by the L.A.C. came to an end at Stamford-bridge yesterday." The Morning Post. London, England: British Newspaper Archive. 15 June 1889. p. 3. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "WATERLOO LAWN TENNIS TOURNAMENT". Bootle Times. Lancashire, England: British Newspaper Archive. 15 June 1889. p. 8. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS. SCOTTISH finals in the Scottish Lawn Tennis Championship". Elgin Courant, and Morayshire Advertiser. Moray, Scotland: British Newspaper Archive. 18 June 1889. p. 8. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "Kent All-Comers' Championships 1886-1996". beckenhamtennisclub.co.uk. Beckenham, England: Beckenham Lawn Tennis Club. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "NORTHERN LAWN TENNIS TOURNAMENT BATTLES OF THE CHAMPIONS". Liverpool Daily Post. Liverpool, England: newspapers.com. 24 Jun 1889. p. 7. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "EDGBASTON LAWN TENNIS TOURNAMENT". Birmingham Evening Mail. Birmingham, England: newspapers.com. 29 Jun 1889. p. 3. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS: LANSDOWNE TOURNAMENT". Freeman's Journal and Daily Commercial Advertiser. Dublin, Republic of Ireland: newspapers.com. 1 Jul 1889. p. 7. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
- ^ "Tennis at Orange". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, New York: newspapers.com. 1 Jul 1889. p. 1. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
- ^ "HULL LAWN TENNIS TOURNAMENT". Hull Evening News. Kingston upon Hull, England: newspapers.com. 15 Jul 1889. p. 4. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "The Championships 1889 - Ladies' All-Comers' Singles" (PDF). Wimbledon. London, England: AELTC. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS". The Morning Post. London, England: newspapers.com. 22 Jul 1889. p. 4. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "MORE TENNIS AT SEWICKLEY". Pittsburg Dispatch. Pittsburg, Pennsylvania: newspapers.com. 27 Jul 1889. p. 7. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS:NORTHUMBERLAND TOURNAMENT". Northern Echo. Newcastle, Northumberland: newspapers.com. 5 Aug 1889. p. 4. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "COLCHESTER: Results of the Lawn Tennis Tournament". Essex Chronicle. Chelmsford, Essex, England: newspapers.com. 9 Aug 1889. p. 8. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "EAST GRINSTEAD L.T.C. OPEN TOURNAMENT". Sporting Life. London, England: British Newspaper Archive. 12 August 1889. p. 1. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "EXMOUTH LAWN TENNIS TOURNAMENT". Exmouth Journal. Devon, England: British Newspaper Archive. 10 August 1889. p. 8. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "FELIXSTOWE LAWN TENNIS TOURNAMENT". The Ipswich Journal. Ipswich, England: newspapers.com. 23 Aug 1889. p. 7. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS. BUXTON OPEN TOURNAMENT. Derbyshire Championship". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. Lancashire, England: British Newspaper Archive. 19 August 1889. p. 3. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "The John Player Nottingham Tennis Tournament: Record of Winners Nottingham Lawn Tennis Tournament (1887-1970)" (PDF). Nottingham Castle LTC. Notts Lawn Tennis Association. 7 June 1971. pp. 1–7. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
- ^ "BOURNEMOUTH TOURNAMENT". The Leeds Mercury. Leeds, England: newspapers.com. 26 Aug 1889. p. 3. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS: TOURNAMENT AT ST ANDREWS". The Courier and Argus. Dundee, Tayside, Scotland: newspapers.com. 26 Aug 1889. p. 4. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "NORTH OF ENGLAND CHAMPIONSHIP AT SCARBOROUGH". Sporting Life. London, England: British Newspaper Archive. 29 August 1889. p. 4. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "SAXMUNDHAM LAWN TENNIS TOURNAMENT". Ipswich Journal. Suffolk, England: British Newspaper Archive. 30 August 1889. p. 8. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "THE TREFRIW LAWN TENNIS TOURNAMENT". Liverpool Daily Post. Liverpool, England: newspapers.com. 31 Aug 1889. p. 6. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "LAWN TENNIS: Open Championship of Sussex". The Morning Post. London, England: newspapers.com. 9 Sep 1889. p. 2. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "TOURNAMENT AT DIEPPE: The second annual tournament of the Dieppe L.T.C. was concluded today". The Field. London: British Newspaper Archive. 14 September 1889. p. 38. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "COROWA LAWN TENNIS TOURNAMENT". The Corowa Free Press. Corowa, Australia: newspapers.com. 13 Dec 1889. p. 2. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- ^ "Tennis NZ Roll of Honour" (PDF). Tennis Kiwi. Tennis New Zealand. 2020. pp. 18, 19, 20. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
Sources
edit- Bartlett, Michael and Gillen, Bob. (1981) The Tennis Book, edited by Michael Bartlett and Bob Gillen, Arbor House, New York, ISBN 0-87795-344-9
- Collins, Bud. Total Tennis:The Ultimate Tennis Encyclopedia, Sport Classic Books, Toronto, Canada, ISBN 0-9731443-4-3.
- Crips, Mark (10 May 2022). In Pursuit of the Slam: My Year Travelling to Tennis's Top Four Tournaments (5 ed.). Manchester: i2.i Publishng. ISBN 9781914933981.
- Garcia, Gabriel. "Season: 1889". The Tennis Base. Madrid, Spain: Tennismem SAL.
- Hughes, G.P. Dunlop Lawn Tennis Almanack And Tournament Guide, G.P. Hughes.
- Lowe, Sir F. Gordon. Lowe's Lawn Tennis Annuals and Compendia, Eyre & Spottiswoode. London, England.
- Robertson, Max (1974). The Encyclopedia of Tennis. London: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 9780047960420.
- Someren, Janine van (December 2010). "3: The Amateur Tennis Circuit". Women's Sporting Lives: A biographical study of elite amateur tennis players at Wimbledon. A thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Southampton, England: University of Southampton Research Repository.
- Wallis Myers A. Ayre's Lawn Tennis Almanack And Tournament Guide, London, England.