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Vermont State Guard

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The Vermont State Guard
The Vermont State Guard insignia
Active1982 – present
Country United States
Allegiance Vermont
BranchArmy
Type  State defense force
RoleMilitary reserve force
Sizeapprox. 180 Cadre (cadre serve as a leadership & training core), post-9/11 was approx. 900 total
Part ofVermont Military Department, Vermont National Guard
Garrison/HQCamp Johnson – Colchester, Vermont
Motto(s)"Ready to Serve"
Commanders
Civilian leadershipGovernor Phil Scott
Governor of Vermont
State military leadershipMajor General Gregory C. Knight
Vermont Adjutant General
Major General (VSG) Kenneth Stratton
Commander VSG (since August 2018)

The Vermont State Guard (VSG) is the all-volunteer state defense force of the state of Vermont. The Vermont State Guard serves parallel to the Vermont National Guard, acting as a reserve force for the State of Vermont Military Department. The Vermont State Guard is a reserve force composed of individuals living as civilians when not activated, but the force can be activated in the event of an attack or natural disaster to serve as a force multiplier for the National Guard, and is assigned to fulfill the state mission of the National Guard when the National Guard is deployed.

Unlike the National Guard, the State Guard cannot be federalized or deployed outside the country. Rather, the VSG can only be called up by the governor, and cannot be deployed outside the state without the governor's permission. The Vermont State Guard is authorized under Title 32, Section 109 of the United States Code and Title 20, Part 3, Chapter 61, of the Vermont State Statutes[1] and was activated via Executive Order Number 67.

History

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The Vermont State Guard traces its roots in the American colonial times with local Vermont militias such as the Green Mountain Boys.[2] During the American Revolution, the Green Mountain Boys took part in the campaign against British forces under General John Burgoyne, and assisted in the capture of Fort Ticonderoga.[3]

During the American Civil War, the Vermont Militia was expanded to handle home guard duties while units of the United States Volunteers were organized and deployed out of state to take part in the conflict's battles.[4] Notable members included Carroll S. Page and John Calvin Coolidge Sr., father of Calvin Coolidge.[5][6][7][8]

During World War I, the Vermont State Guard again assumed home guard duties while units of the National Guard were performing federal service outside Vermont.[9] Herbert Thomas Johnson, a veteran of the National Guard and member of the Vermont State Guard, became Vermont's adjutant general in 1917 and continued to serve until 1941.[10][11][12]

During World War II, Vermont's first modern state defense force, set aside as a state organization not eligible for federal service, was established. During World War II, the Vermont State Guard raised a force of 1,278 men and 131 officers to stand in for the National Guard, and, as summarized by Vermont Governor William H. Wills, guarded vital structures such as bridges, electric plants and dams, under the worst of conditions, sub zero weather and inadequate clothing and equipment. In addition, they were on call during their World War II service for local emergencies such as forest fires, searching for lost persons, and searching for airplane crashes.[13]

The modern incarnation of the Vermont State Guard was signed into law by Governor Richard A. Snelling on April 26, 1982.[14]

Membership

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Membership in the Vermont State Guard is open to all citizens, both with and without military experience. Prospective members must pass a background check conducted by the Vermont Criminal Investigation Center (VCIC), and pay the accompanying $30 processing fee, as well as cover the cost of their own uniforms.[15] The Vermont State Guard (VSG) is continually recruiting new members, as the VSG role has increased and become more critical as natural disasters and global conflicts have increased in scale and prevalence.[16]

Training and duties

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The Vermont State Guard can be called up by the Governor for any peacetime mission of the National Guard, such as acting as first responders to a natural or man-made disaster, quelling riots, or assisting in military funerals. The Vermont State Guard identifies the chief areas of focus of training and service as:

Although training may take place one weekend per month for most members, members are only required to meet for training once per year if not called into active duty, and members may leave the organization at any time.[17]

The Vermont State Guard has also helped staff National Guard armories that would otherwise be closed while the National Guard has been deployed.[17]

Units

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A Vermont State Guard chaplain delivers an invocation during a POW/MIA remembrance ceremony.

As of March 2023, units of the Vermont State Guard and their locations are:[18]

Designation Location
Headquarters Colchester
1st Battalion St. Albans
2nd Battalion Rutland
3rd Battalion Lyndonville

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "§ 1151. Organization and maintenance". Vermont General Assembly Official Website. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  2. ^ "How "Catamount" Got Its Name". The Catamount. Montpelier, VT. January 1, 1945. pp. 1–2 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. ^ "Green Mountain Boys". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
  4. ^ Bennett, Charles G. (January 20, 1982). "recruiting a Civil War Army In Vermont". Bennington Banner. Bennington, VT. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. ^ "The St. Albans Raid". Lamoille Newsdealer. Hyde Park, VT. November 2, 1864. p. 2 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ Ullery, Jacob G. (1894). Men of Vermont Illustrated. Brattleboro, VT: Transcript Publishing Company. p. 80.
  7. ^ Vermont General Assembly (1868). Vermont Legislative Documents and Official Reports. Montpelier, VT: Poland's Steam Printing Establishment. p. 34.
  8. ^ Vermont Historical Society (1995). A Guide to the Coolidge Family Papers, 1802–1932 (PDF). Montpelier, VT: Vermont Historical Society. p. 6.
  9. ^ "Home Guards To Be Police". St. Albans Messenger. St. Albans, VT. June 12, 1917. p. 2 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ Vermont General Assembly, Farewell Message, Governor Horace Graham Archived January 3, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, 1919, pages 7–8
  11. ^ Vermont General Assembly, Journal of the Vermont House of Representatives, 1941, page 18
  12. ^ Vermont Adjutant General, Biennial Report, 1942, page 5
  13. ^ Wills, William (January 4, 1945). Farewell address of William H. Wills (PDF) (Speech). Farewell Address. Montpelier, VT.
  14. ^ Snelling, Richard A. (April 26, 1982). "Executive Order No. 20-1 (No. 67-82) [Cadre of the Vermont State Guard]". The Vermont Statutes Online: Title 3 Appendix: Executive Orders Chapter 020: Internal Security and Public Safety. Montpelier, VT: Vermont General Assembly. Retrieved January 24, 2024.
  15. ^ "How To Apply". Vermont State Guard Official Website. Archived from the original on January 16, 2020. Retrieved 21 October 2013.
  16. ^ "Vermont State Guard seeks veterans". Brattleboro Reformer. Colchester. 23 June 2008.
  17. ^ a b Zind, Steve (30 November 2004). "Vermont State Guard expands its ranks". Vermont Public Radio.
  18. ^ "Vermont State Guard Locations". Vermont State Guard at Facebook. Colchester, VT: Vermont State Guard. March 2, 2023. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
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