臘

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 腊, 𫞇, and 臈
臘 U+81D8, 臘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81D8
← 臗
[U+81D7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 臙 →
[U+81D9]
臘 U+F926, 臘
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F926
← 拉
[U+F925] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 蠟 →
[U+F927]

Translingual

[edit]
Traditional 臘
Shinjitai
(extended) 		𫞇
Simplified 腊

Han character

[edit]

臘 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+15, 19 strokes, cangjie input 月女女女 (BVVV), four-corner 72217, composition ⿰月巤(GJKV) or ⿰⺼巤(HT))

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 997, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30009
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1448, character 33
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2123, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+81D8

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 臘
simp. 腊*
alternative forms 𦡳
𦠼
臈／腊

Glyph origin

[edit]
Characters in the same phonetic series (巤) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鑞 *raːb
蠟 *raːb
邋 *raːb, *rab
臘 *raːb
臈 *raːb
擸 *raːb, *rab
擖 *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb
獵 *rab
躐 *rab
鬣 *rab
儠 *rab
犣 *rab
鱲 *rab
巤 *rab
獦 *klaːd, *rab

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːb) : semantic ⺼ (“meat”) + phonetic 巤 (OC *rab).

Etymology

[edit]

Uncertain.

  • Bodde (1975) cites Zheng Xuan's comment on the relation between 臘 (OC *raːb, “year-end sacrifice”) and 獵 (OC *rab, “hunt”);
  • Boltz (1979) instead relates it to a much later word written with the same phonetic & meaning "to cut off, to terminate" (of a year);
  • Schuessler (2007) proposes an alternative Sino-Tibetan etymology: just as the 葉 (OC *hljeb, *leb) word-family encompasses the meanings "leaf > foliage, year, generation"; so the root *râp "new year, change of year" is apparently a parallel etymon, which also is cognate with Tibetan རབས། (rabs, “generation”) (Bodman, 1980).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Note: lip6 - variant.
Note:
  • la̍p/lia̍p - literary;
  • la̍h - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 臘
Mandarin Beijing /la⁵¹/
Harbin /la⁵³/
Tianjin /lɑ⁵³/
Jinan /la²¹/
Qingdao /la⁴²/
Zhengzhou /la²⁴/
Xi'an /la²¹/
Xining /la⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /la¹³/
Lanzhou /la¹³/
Ürümqi /la²¹³/
Wuhan /na²¹³/
Chengdu /na³¹/
Guiyang /na²¹/
Kunming /la̠³¹/
Nanjing /lɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /lɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /laʔ²/
Pingyao /lʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /laʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /laʔ¹/
Suzhou /laʔ³/
Hangzhou /lɑʔ²/
Wenzhou /la²¹³/
Hui Shexian /la²²/
Tunxi /lɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /la²⁴/
Xiangtan /nɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /laʔ²/ ～月
/laʔ⁵/ ～肉
Hakka Meixian /lap̚⁵/
Taoyuan /lɑp̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lap̚²/
Nanning /ʟap̚²²/
Hong Kong /lap̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lap̚⁵/
/laʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /laʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /la⁴²/
/si²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /laʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /la³³/
Rime
Character 臘
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 盍 (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 盧盍切
Baxter lap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lap̚/
Li
Rong 		/lɑp̚/
Wang
Li 		/lɑp̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/lɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		là
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		laap6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 臘
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		là
Middle
Chinese 		‹ lap ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.rˁap/
English winter sacrifice

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 臘
Reading # 1/1
No. 8146
Phonetic
component 		巤
Rime
group 		盍
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		臘
Old
Chinese 		/*raːb/

Definitions

[edit]

臘

  1. year-end sacrifice to the gods
  2. twelfth month of the Chinese lunar calendar
  3. dried preserved meat; cured meat
    燒臘／烧腊  ―  shāolà  ―  preserved or roasted meat
    臘鴨／腊鸭  ―  làyā  ―  dried preserved duck

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Shinjitai
(extended)

𫞇

Kyūjitai

臘
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

Kanji

[edit]
臘

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

[edit]
  • Go-on: ろう (rō)←らふ (rafu, historical)
  • Kan-on: ろう (rō)←らふ (rafu, historical)

Noun

[edit]

臘(ろう) • (rō) 

  1. a Buddhist ceremony held in winter on the third day of the dog
  2. the twelfth month of the lunar-solar calendar
  3. a year in Buddhism after one completes a meditation retreat

Synonyms

[edit]

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

臘 • (rap>nap) (hangeul 랍>납, revised rap>nap, McCune–Reischauer rap>nap, Yale lap>nap)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

臘: Hán Nôm readings: chạp, chợp, lạp, lép

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=臘&oldid=81844599"