竭

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竭 U+7AED, 竭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AED
← 竬
[U+7AEC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 竮 →
[U+7AEE]

Translingual

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Han character

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竭 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿日心女 (YTAPV), four-corner 06127, composition ⿰立曷)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 872, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25803
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1303, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2713, character 20
  • Unihan data for U+7AED

Chinese

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trad. 竭
simp. # 竭

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 竭
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愒 *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad
馤 *qaːds
靄 *qaːds, *qaːd
餲 *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd
喝 *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd
揭 *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad
偈 *ɡrads, *ɡrad
猲 *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad
葛 *kaːd
輵 *kaːd
獦 *klaːd, *rab
渴 *kʰaːd, *ɡrad
嵑 *kʰaːd
暍 *qʰaːd, *qad
曷 *ɡaːd
褐 *ɡaːd
鶡 *ɡaːd
毼 *ɡaːd
蝎 *ɡaːd
鞨 *ɡaːd, *ɢljad
遏 *qaːd
齃 *qaːd
堨 *qaːd
擖 *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb
楬 *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad
朅 *kʰrad
藒 *kʰrad
竭 *ɡrad, *ɡad
碣 *ɡrad, *ɡad
羯 *kad
鍻 *kad
歇 *qʰad
蠍 *qʰad
謁 *qad

Pronunciation 1

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 竭
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕiɛ³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕiə⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡ɕiə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕie¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕiə¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕiɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕie²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕie³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕie²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕieʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao
Hohhot /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑiɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ²/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑi²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕieʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕia⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ɕie²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕie²⁴/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /kʰiat̚⁵/
Taoyuan /kʰiet̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hit̚³/
Nanning /kʰit̚³³/
Hong Kong /hit̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kiat̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kieʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kiɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kiak̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kit̚⁵/
Rime
Character 竭 竭
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 群 (30) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 月 (67) 薛 (83)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 其謁切 渠列切
Baxter gjot gjet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɡɨɐt̚/ /ɡˠiᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɡiɐt̚/ /ɡᵚiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɡiɐt̚/ /ɡiæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/gɨat̚/ /giat̚/
Li
Rong 		/ɡiɐt̚/ /ɡjɛt̚/
Wang
Li 		/ɡĭɐt̚/ /ɡĭɛt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/gɨ̯ɐt̚/ /gi̯ɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jié jié
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		git6 git6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 竭
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jié
Middle
Chinese 		‹ gjet ›
Old
Chinese 		/*N-[k](r)at/
English exhaust (v.); dry up

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 竭 竭
Reading # 2/2 1/2
No. 5060 5051
Phonetic
component 		曷 曷
Rime
group 		月 月
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		𢷒 傑
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡad/ /*ɡrad/

Definitions

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竭

  1. to shoulder
  2. to dry up; to drain
  3. to exhaust; to use up

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions

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竭

  1. (Hokkien) to be deficient; to be lacking; to be short of
  2. (Mainland China Hokkien) infertile; barren (of land)
  3. (Xiamen Hokkien) stingy; miserly
  4. (Xiamen Hokkien) sluggish; slack (of business)
Synonyms
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edit
Dialectal synonyms of 吝嗇 (“stingy; miserly”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 吝, 嗇, 慳, 吝嗇, 慳吝
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 吝嗇, 小氣, 慳吝
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 小氣, 摳, 摳兒, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 死摳兒, 摳搜, 摳唆, 嗇刻
Langfang 摳
Chengde 摳兒
Chifeng 吝嗇, 摳兒
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 小摳兒, 小氣
Heihe 吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒
Qiqihar 吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒
Harbin 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 摳搜, 小氣, 夾夾咕咕, 玍屄
Baicheng 吝嗇, 摳
Changchun 小摳
Tonghua 摳門兒
Shenyang 吝嗇, 小摳, 摳
Jinzhou 吝嗇, 摳, 摳搜, 渠
Malaysia 吝嗇
Singapore 吝嗇
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 摳兒, 摳門兒, 摳唆, 死摳兒, 窮摳兒
Tangshan 摳惜
Cangzhou 摳兒
Baoding 摳, 窮摳
Shijiazhuang 摳, 老摳兒
Lijin 摳, 不出息
Jinan 摳, 摳門兒, 小氣
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 黑饞
Dandong 吝嗇, 摳, 小摳兒
Yantai 摳, 奸
Yantai (Muping) 摳, 摳搜
Qingdao 奸, 拤古
Zhucheng 拤古
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 摳唆, 小氣, 吝嗇
Lingbao 吝嗇, 嗇皮
Jining 摳
Daming 老摳兒
Wanrong 摳, 小氣
Linfen 摳
Shangqiu 摳, 老鱉一
Yuanyang 摳兒
Zhengzhou 摳, 尖
Xinyang 尖
Baihe 嗇皮
Xi'an 小氣, 嗇, 吝嗇, 嗇皮, 摳
Baoji 嗇皮
Tianshui 吝嗇
Xining 摳, 摳皮, 細詳, 搜, 小氣
Xuzhou 搜, 摳, 搜摳兒, 搜摳, 搜屄摳兒, 薄氣, 不出血
Fuyang 吝嗇, 摳, 尖
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 摳搜, 薄嗇, 嗇, 小氣
Lanzhou 摳搜, 嗇皮, 嗇, 小氣
Dunhuang 嗇
Hami 摳
Ürümqi 摳, 摳搜, 嗇皮, 小氣
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 摳, 小氣, 夾, 苟, 嗇, 坎
Nanchong 吝嗇, 摳
Hanyuan 嗇
Xichang 嗇, 坎
Zigong 吝嗇, 摳
Chongqing 吝嗇, 夾, 財, 老默, 摳
Wuhan 吝嗇, 摳, 慳, 小氣
Yichang 吝嗇, 嗇, 小氣
Xiangyang 吝嗇, 雀薄
Tianmen 吝嗇
Guiyang 摳, 夾摳, 夾殼, 小氣
Zunyi 摳, 夾殼兒
Bijie 夾摳, 夾殼
Liping 吝嗇, 摳, 小氣
Zhaotong 小氣
Dali 尖鉤鉤
Kunming 吝嗇, 小氣, 秀, 秀氣郎當
Mengzi 摳
Guilin 摳
Guilin (Lingui) 吝嗇
Liuzhou 吝嗇, 摳, 沙, 小氣
Liuzhou (Luorong) 吝嗇
Jishou 摳
Changde 摳
Hanzhong 嗇皮
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 摳, 嗇, 小氣, 尿日鬼
Yangzhou 摳, 小氣, 嗇掐, 嗇苛, 嗇, 吝嗇
Lianyungang 吝嗇, 免頭
Lianshui 小氣
Nantong 小氣, 嗇掐
Anqing 摳
Wuhu 摳, 尿
Hefei 摳, 小氣, 算小
Hong'an 小氣, 慳, 刻薄
Cantonese Guangzhou 孤寒, 慳濕, 度縮, 眼緊, 縮骨, 麻米, 細囈, 小氣, 知微, 知慎
Hong Kong 孤寒, 度縮, 縮骨
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 孤寒
Macau 孤寒
Guangzhou (Panyu) 孤寒
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 孤寒
Guangzhou (Conghua) 孤寒
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 孤寒
Foshan 孤寒
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 孤寒
Foshan (Shunde) 孤寒
Foshan (Sanshui) 孤寒
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 孤寒
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 孤寒
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 孤寒
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 孤寒
Zhuhai (Doumen) 孤寒
Jiangmen (Baisha) 孤寒
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 孤寒
Taishan 孤寒, 針屎
Kaiping (Chikan) 孤寒, 針屎
Enping (Niujiang) 耳屎, 孤寒
Heshan (Yayao) 孤寒
Dongguan 孤寒, 縮骨
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 孤寒
Qingyuan 孤寒
Fogang 孤寒
Yingde (Hanguang) 孤寒
Yangshan 孤寒
Lianshan (Butian) 慳
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 孤寒
Shaoguan 孤寒
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 孤寒
Renhua 孤寒
Lechang 孤寒
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 孤寒
Sihui 孤寒
Guangning 孤寒
Deqing 孤寒
Huaiji 孤寒
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 孤寒
Yunfu 孤寒
Xinxing 孤寒
Luoding 孤寒
Yunan (Pingtai) 孤寒
Yangjiang 孤寒, 小格
Xinyi 孤寒
Lianjiang 小氣, 慳嗇
Nanning 孤寒, 小氣
Wuzhou 孤寒
Beiliu (Tangliao) 慳
Lingshan 慳
Pubei 慳
Beihai 慳濕, 孤寒
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 孤寒
Danzhou 細氣
Singapore (Guangfu) 孤寒
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 小氣
Móng Cái 孤寒
Gan Nanchang 嗇, 小氣
Lichuan 慳吝, 小氣
Pingxiang 肋嗇, 嗇魔, 小氣
Hakka Meixian 齧, 齧察, 歪, 孤寒, 皮西艾曬, 唆嗇, 淒老
Xingning 歪
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 孤寒, 蔑屑
Huidong (Daling) 小氣, 孤寒
Dongguan (Qingxi) 孤寒
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 孤寒
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 孤寒
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 孤寒
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 孤寒
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 孤寒
Jiexi 嗇
Luhe 齧察
Changting 癄
Wuping 齧
Wuping (Pingyu) 歪, 齧察
Ninghua 精
Yudu 小氣, 小相
Ruijin 小氣
Shangyou (Shexi) 精, 小氣
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 齧, 齧察, 齧唧, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 齧, 齧察, 齧合澀, 澀齧
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 齧察, 齧合澀
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 硞, 虯, 鹹合澀
Luchuan (Daqiao) 摳
Beiliu (Tang'an) 小氣
Huizhou Jixi 小毛, 小氣, 小鬼
Shexian 小氣, 吃小米
Jin Taiyuan 小氣, 摳索, 吝嗇
Pingyao 摳, 小氣
Yangyuan 吝嗇, 摳, 磨慳, 慳
Datong 吝嗇, 摳
Xinzhou 鬼祟, 小氣
Lüliang (Lishi) 摳
Changzhi 摳, 慳, 摳搜
Linhe 憋, 缺
Jining 摳
Hohhot 小氣
Erenhot 摳, 小氣
Pingshan 摳唆
Zhangjiakou 摳門兒, 摳, 吝嗇
Handan 小氣, 摳兒門兒, 摳兒, 嗇結頭
Linzhou 摳
Suide 嗇
Northern Min Jian'ou 嗇鄙, 小癖氣
Songxi 小氣
Zhenghe 嗇鄙
Jianyang 嗇鄙
Wuyishan 嗇
Pucheng (Shibei) 嗇
Eastern Min Fuzhou 貽順, 奸狡, 奸狡利, 小氣, 十絕
Fuqing 小氣, 𣍐捨, 奸小利
Southern Min Xiamen 枵鬼, 譴相, 小鄙臉, 貓, 貓神, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 凍霜, 攝屎, 鄙釐, 虯, 竭, 𣍐做儂
Quanzhou 枵鬼, 譴相, 貓, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 捻𡳞 vulgar, 捻, 鄙釐, 虯, 𣍐做儂
Zhangzhou 枵鬼, 小鬼臉, 㾀屎庀 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹澀韌, 蟯, 蟯鬼, 蟯疕, 桶庀, 鄙釐, 毛絲, 虯, 𣍐做儂, 雞攝膣, 攝雞膣, 攝屎, 𠢕儉
Zhangpu 枝釐
Yunxiao 夾絲
Taipei 牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀
Taipei (Wanhua) 凍霜
New Taipei (Tamsui) 凍霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 孤獨
New Taipei (Sanxia) 牛螕, 苛頭, 凍霜, 鹹澀
New Taipei (Pingxi) 孤霜, 㾀屎
Kaohsiung 牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 凍霜, 硞
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 凍霜, 苛頭
Yilan 凍霜, 貓筩, 鹹澀, 虯
Changhua (Lukang) 虯, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀
Taichung 凍霜, 硞, 硞仔頭
Taichung (Wuqi) 凍霜
Tainan 虯, 苛頭, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀
Tainan (Anping) 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞, 虯
Taitung 凍霜
Hsinchu 凍霜, 鹹澀, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹
Kinmen 凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀
Penghu (Magong) 凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 虯
Penghu (Xiyu) 孤獨, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭
Penang (Hokkien) 鹹澀, 鹹
Singapore (Hokkien) 枵鬼, 貓, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 貓潲 vulgar, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar
Manila (Hokkien) 鹹澀, 鹹, 汌, 貓潲 vulgar
Longyan 挾潲
Datian 澀鼻
Chaozhou 鹹澀
Shantou 鹹澀
Jieyang 鹹澀, 酸澀, 迡噝, 奸狡, 鼠鬼相
Singapore (Teochew) 鹹澀, 貓
Leizhou 慳, 慳嘜, 刻目, 刺麻
Wenchang 鹹澀, 細氣
Haikou 鹹澀
Singapore (Hainanese) 鹹澀, 鹹
Puxian Min Putian 儉嗇, 無𡳞成, 慳
Xianyou 儉嗇, 無𡳞成, 慳
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 孤寒
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 孤寒, 孽屎
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 小氣, 小相
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Chaoyang) 小氣
Guilin (Zhuyuan) 吝嗇
Lingchuan (Tanxia) 小氣
Wu Shanghai 小氣, 密屑, 賅刁, 摳, 刮皮, 酷, 刁, 勿爽氣
Shanghai (Chongming) 小氣
Suzhou 小氣, 算小, 掐
Wuxi 小氣, 嗇
Changzhou 小氣
Danyang 嗇掐, 小氣
Hangzhou 小氣, 精馬, 精巴
Ningbo 小氣, 刮皮
Wenzhou 小氣, 貓, 吃不得
Jinhua 小氣, 刻嗇, 貓涴
Xiang Changsha 吝毛, 小氣, 摳, 疜
Loudi 小相
Shuangfeng 小氣
Quanzhou 吝嗇
Guanyang (Wenshi) 小相
Xiangnan Tuhua Jiangyong 小氣

Compounds

[edit]

Japanese

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Kanji

[edit]
竭

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): けつ (ketsu)
  • Kun: つきる (tsukiru)、つくす (tsukusu)

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

竭 • (gal, geol) (hangeul 갈, 걸, revised gal, geol, McCune–Reischauer kal, kŏl, Yale kal, kel)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

竭: Hán Nôm readings: kiệt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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