渣滓

Chinese

		dregs	dregs; sediment
trad. (渣滓)		渣	滓
simp. #(渣滓)		渣	滓

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhāzǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄚ ㄗˇ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): za¹ zi³

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaa¹ zi²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cha-tái / cha-chái / che-chái / chee-chái / che-tái / cha-chír

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhāzǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄚ ㄗˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhazǐh
    • Wade–Giles: cha¹-tzŭ³
    • Yale: jā-dž
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jatzyy
    • Palladius: чжацзы (čžaczy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: za¹ zi³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zaz
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sa⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zaa¹ zi²
    • Yale: jā jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaa¹ dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: za¹ ji²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha-tái
    • Tâi-lô: tsa-tái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: za'dae
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sa⁴⁴⁻²² tai⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha-chái
    • Tâi-lô: tsa-tsái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zazae
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sa⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sai⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: che-chái
    • Tâi-lô: tse-tsái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zezae
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se³³ t͡sai⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chee-chái
    • Tâi-lô: tsee-tsái
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɛ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sai⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: che-tái
    • Tâi-lô: tse-tái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ze'dae
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se⁴⁴⁻³³ tai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡se⁴⁴⁻³³ tai⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se³³ tai⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha-chír
    • Tâi-lô: tsa-tsír
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sa³³ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsrae tsriX

Rime
Character	渣	滓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	側加切	阻史切
Baxter	tsrae	tsriX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃˠa/	/t͡ʃɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂᵚa/	/ʈ͡ʂɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃa/	/t͡ʃieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂaɨ/	/ʈ͡ʂɨX/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃa/	/t͡ʃiəX/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃa/	/t͡ʃĭəX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂa/	/ʈ͡ʂiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhā	zhǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zaa1	zi2

Noun

渣滓

1. dregs; residue; dross
2. (figurative, derogatory) disreputable person; scum

   社會的渣滓／社会的渣滓  ―  shèhuì de zhāzǐ  ―  scums of the society

3. (dialectal) garbage; trash; rubbish

Synonyms

• (dregs): 渣 (zhā), (Hokkien) 粕 (phoh)
• (disreputable person): 人渣 (rénzhā)
• (garbage):

Dialectal synonyms of 垃圾 (“rubbish; garbage”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		垃圾, 廢物, 廢品, 破爛
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	垃圾, 髒土
	Taiwan	垃圾
	Harbin	髒土, 擱扔
	Malaysia	垃圾
	Singapore	垃圾
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	髒器, 垃圾
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	惡圾, 髒發
	Xining	惡索
	Qimen (Anling Junhua)	落索
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	惡瑣
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	ңәсуй
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	落索, 惡索 Hui
	Ürümqi	垃圾
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	渣滓, 渣渣
	Wuhan	渣滓, 垃圾
	Guiyang	渣渣
	Guilin	垃圾
	Pingle	垃圾, 糞草
	Liuzhou	垃圾
	Tianlin (Langping)	垃圾
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	糞草, 垃圾
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	糞草
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	垃圾
	Yangzhou	灰, 垃圾
	Hefei	髒, 糞草
Mandarin	Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle)	糞草
Cantonese	Guangzhou	垃圾
	Hong Kong	垃圾
	Macau	垃圾
	Taishan	垃圾
	Dongguan	垃圾
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	垃圾
	Yangjiang	垃圾
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	垃圾
	Hepu (Shatian)	垃圾
	Baise	垃圾
	Beihai	垃圾
	Beihai (Nankang)	垃圾
	Beihai (Yingpan)	垃圾
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	垃圾
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	垃圾
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	垃圾
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	垃圾
	Singapore (Guangfu)	垃圾
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	垃圾
	Móng Cái	垃圾
	Bangkok (Guangfu)	垃圾
Gan	Nanchang	罯屑
	Pengze	邋遢
Hakka	Meixian	垃圾
	Xingning	刷
	Huidong (Daling)	垃圾
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	垃圾
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	垃圾
	Wuping	垃圾
	Wuping (Pingyu)	垃圾, 地腳
	Liancheng	垃圾
	Ninghua	垃圾
	Ruijin	垃圾
	Shicheng	垃圾
	Shangyou (Shexi)	齷齪子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	垃圾
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	地圾
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	垃圾
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	地圾
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	垃圾
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	垃圾
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	垃圾
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	垃圾
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	垃圾
	Bobai (Shahe)	垃圾
	Bobai (Longtan)	垃圾
	Bobai (Lingping)	垃圾
	Kuching (Hepo)	垃圾
	Bangkok (Jiexi)	垃圾
Huizhou	Jixi	垃圾
	Qimen (Anling Minhua)	垃圾
Jin	Taiyuan	惡圾, 灰渣
Northern Min	Jian'ou	垃圾
	Pucheng (Shibei)	垃圾
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	糞掃
	Fuqing	糞掃
Southern Min	Xiamen	糞掃, 霎洗
	Quanzhou	糞掃, 霎洗, 垃圾
	Zhangzhou	糞掃, 垃圾
	Zhao'an	垃圾
	Dongshan	糞掃
	Taipei	垃圾仔, 垃儳仔, 糞掃
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	糞掃
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	糞掃
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	糞掃
	Kaohsiung	糞掃, 垃圾仔
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	糞掃
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	糞掃
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	糞掃
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	垃圾仔
	Yilan	垃圾仔, 糞掃
	Yilan (Toucheng)	糞掃
	Changhua (Lukang)	垃圾仔, 糞掃
	Taichung	糞掃
	Tainan	垃圾仔, 糞掃
	Tainan (Anping)	糞掃
	Hsinchu	糞掃
	Kinmen	糞掃, 垃圾
	Penghu (Magong)	糞掃
	Penghu (Xiyu)	糞掃
	Penang (Hokkien)	垃圾, 儳飽
	Singapore (Hokkien)	垃圾, 糞掃
	Manila (Hokkien)	糞掃, 垃圾
	Chaozhou	杜糞, 垃圾
	Shantou	垃圾
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	垃圾
	Jieyang	杜糞, 垃圾
	Bangkok (Teochew)	垃圾
Puxian Min	Xianyou	垃圾, 糞事
	Fuding (Aoyao)	圾屑
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	垃圾
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	垃圾
Wu	Shanghai	垃圾
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	𤎤𡮦
	Shanghai (Chongming)	垃圾
	Suzhou	垃圾
	Danyang	垃圾
	Hangzhou	垃圾
	Ningbo	垃圾, 臘塞
	Wenzhou	糞掃, 垃圾
Xiang	Changsha	屑子
	Xiangxiang	屑子
	Shuangfeng	屑子