-utus
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Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Rebracketing of -tus. Found in Classical Latin, as a surface-level ending rather than suffix of its own, in:
- Adjectives built on nouns with stems ending in -u-, such as astūtus, cornūtus, verūtus (from astus, cornū, verū)
- Perfect participles of third-conjugation verbs ending in -uō, -uor, or -vō, such as acūtus, locūtus, solūtus (from acuō, loquor, solvō)
Found as an independent suffix, no longer constrained to the above environments, after Classical times. Compare -ātus and -ītus.
Suffix
[edit]-ūtus (feminine -ūta, neuter -ūtum); first/second-declension suffix
- (Late Latin) Attaches to nouns to forms adjectives with the sense of '(prominently) characterized by [noun]'.
- (Early Medieval Latin)? Forms the perfect participle of second– or third-conjugation verbs.
Declension
[edit]First/second-declension adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | -ūtus | -ūta | -ūtum | -ūtī | -ūtae | -ūta | |
| Genitive | -ūtī | -ūtae | -ūtī | -ūtōrum | -ūtārum | -ūtōrum | |
| Dative | -ūtō | -ūtō | -ūtīs | ||||
| Accusative | -ūtum | -ūtam | -ūtum | -ūtōs | -ūtās | -ūta | |
| Ablative | -ūtō | -ūtā | -ūtō | -ūtīs | |||
| Vocative | -ūte | -ūta | -ūtum | -ūtī | -ūtae | -ūta | |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Balkan Romance:
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: -udu
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance: