patronal

English

Etymology

From Latin patronalis; compare French patronal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pəˈtɹəʊnəl/

Adjective

patronal (comparative more patronal, superlative most patronal)

1. patron; protecting; favouring
   • 1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC:

     Lest the name thereof being discovered unto their enemies, their penates and patronal god might be called forth by charms and incantations.

   • 2013, Michael Bhaskar, The Content Machine:

     Nor has the state lost its patronal role, with ministries of culture and publicly funded arts bodies sustaining the cultural economy.

2. Pertaining to a strong authoritarian leader who controls access to resources.
   • 1988, Dietrich Denecke, Gareth Shaw, Alan R H Baker, Urban Historical Geography: Recent Progress in Britain and Germany, →ISBN:

     Aristocratic involvement in the development of towns and cities in nineteenth-entury Britain has long been recognised, but much less attention has been paid to the character of the patronal relationships which existed between aristocratic urban landlords and their tenantry.

   • 2012, Zeba A. Crook, Reconceptualising Conversion, →ISBN:

     Manumission loyalty also offers us insights into how ancient conversion might look in a context of patronage and benefaction, for slaves did not change patrons when they attained their freedom, but rather underwent a considerable change within the patronal relationship.

   • 2015, Henry E. Hale, Patronal Politics, →ISBN, page 455:

     In considering how the preceding analysis relates to the rest of the world, one can think of the post-Soviet countries as providing something like a pristine context in which to study the fundamental characteristics of patronal politics.

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin patrōnālis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [pə.tɾuˈnal]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [pə.tɾoˈnal]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [pa.tɾoˈnal]

Adjective

patronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patronals)

1. patronal
2. (relational) patron saint

   festa patronal ― saint's day

3. (relational) owner, employer, management

   organització patronal ― employers' organization

Derived terms

• tancament patronal

Noun

patronal f (plural patronals)

1. employers' organization

Further reading

• “patronal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

French

Etymology

From patron +‎ -al. Compare Italian patronale.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

patronal (feminine patronale, masculine plural patronaux, feminine plural patronales)

1. (relational) saint
2. (relational) employer's

Further reading

• “patronal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pa.tɾoˈnaw/ [pa.tɾoˈnaʊ̯]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɐ.tɾuˈnal/ [pɐ.tɾuˈnaɫ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɐ.tɾuˈnal/ [pɐ.tɾuˈnaɫ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɐ.tɾuˈna.li/

• Rhymes: -al, -aw
• Hyphenation: pa‧tro‧nal

Adjective

patronal m or f (plural patronais, not comparable)

1. (relational) employer

Derived terms

• entidade patronal

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French patronal. By surface analysis, patron +‎ -al.

Adjective

patronal m or n (feminine singular patronală, masculine plural patronali, feminine and neuter plural patronale)

1. patronal
2. relating to an employer

Declension

Declension of patronal

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	patronal		patronală	patronali	patronale
	definite	patronalul		patronala	patronalii	patronalele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	patronal		patronale	patronali	patronale
	definite	patronalului		patronalei	patronalilor	patronalelor

Spanish

Etymology

From patrono +‎ -al or patrón +‎ -al.

Adjective

patronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patronales)

1. (relational) patron saint
2. patronal
3. (relational) owner of a house where someone is a guest
4. (relational) employer
5. (relational) management
6. (nautical, relational) skipper

Derived terms

• cierre patronal

 

Noun

patronal f (plural patronales)

1. management
2. employers

Further reading

• “patronal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28