Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/reufaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *Hréwpt, from *Hrewp- (“to break”). Cognate with Latin rumpō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈreu̯.ɸɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*reufaną

1. to tear

Inflection

Conjugation of *reufaną (strong class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*reufō	*reufaų	—	*reufai	?
2nd singular	*riufizi	*reufaiz	*reuf	*reufazai	*reufaizau
3rd singular	*riufidi	*reufai	*reufadau	*reufadai	*reufaidau
1st dual	*reufōz	*reufaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*reufadiz	*reufaidiz	*reufadiz	—	—
1st plural	*reufamaz	*reufaim	—	*reufandai	*reufaindau
2nd plural	*riufid	*reufaid	*riufid	*reufandai	*reufaindau
3rd plural	*reufandi	*reufain	*reufandau	*reufandai	*reufaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*rauf	*rubį̄
2nd singular	*rauft	*rubīz
3rd singular	*rauf	*rubī
1st dual	*rubū	*rubīw
2nd dual	*rubudiz	*rubīdiz
1st plural	*rubum	*rubīm
2nd plural	*rubud	*rubīd
3rd plural	*rubun	*rubīn
	present	past
participles	*reufandz	*rubanaz

Derived terms

• *raubaz
• *raubō

Related terms

• *raubijaną
• *raubōną
• *ruppōną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *reufan
  • Old English: rēofan
    • Middle English: reven (merged with descendants of *raubōną)
      • Scots: refe, reiff, reve
      • English: reave, reeve, reve
• Old Norse: rjúfa
  • Icelandic: rjúfa
  • Faroese: rjúva
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: rjuva
  • Old Swedish: rȳva, riuva, riūva