tum

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "tum"

Translingual

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Symbol

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tum

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Tumbuka.

English

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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tum (plural tums)

  1. shortened form of tummy
    Synonym: tum-tum
    • 1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 18:
      For here am I without a crumb
      To satisfy a raging tum--
      O what an oversight!"
      As he was indulging in these melancholy reflexions he came round a bend in the road, and discovered two people in the very act of having lunch.

See also

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Anagrams

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Balinese

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Romanization

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tum

  1. Romanization of ᬢᬸᬫ᭄

Iban

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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tum

  1. an ancient jar that is large in the middle and opening, having a black surface and no design

Verb

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tum

  1. to heat; to warm
    Tum dulu lauk chelap nya
    Heat the cold dish first
  2. to host lot of people for a long period of time
    Kami kena tum bala pengabang dua hari.
    We hosted the visitor for two days

Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle Irish tummid.[2]

Verb

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tum (present analytic tumann, future analytic tumfaidh, verbal noun tumadh, past participle tumtha) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. to dip (lower into a liquid), immerse, plunge, duck, submerge
  2. to dip (treat cattle or sheep by immersion)
  3. to dive (jump into water head-first; descend)
  4. to pitch (move so that the front of the craft goes alternatively up and down)
    Synonym: bocáil

Conjugation

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conjugation of tum (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present tumaim tumann tú;
tumair† 		tumann sé, sí tumaimid tumann sibh tumann siad;
tumaid† 		a thumann; a thumas /
a dtumann* 		tumtar
past thum mé; thumas thum tú; thumais thum sé, sí thumamar; thum muid thum sibh; thumabhair thum siad; thumadar a thum /
ar thum* 		tumadh
past habitual thumainn / dtumainn‡‡ thumtá / dtumtᇇ thumadh sé, sí / dtumadh sé, s퇇 thumaimis; thumadh muid / dtumaimis‡‡; dtumadh muid‡‡ thumadh sibh / dtumadh sibh‡‡ thumaidís; thumadh siad / dtumaidís‡‡; dtumadh siad‡‡ a thumadh /
a dtumadh* 		thumtaí / dtumta퇇
future tumfaidh mé;
tumfad 		tumfaidh tú;
tumfair† 		tumfaidh sé, sí tumfaimid;
tumfaidh muid 		tumfaidh sibh tumfaidh siad;
tumfaid† 		a thumfaidh; a thumfas /
a dtumfaidh* 		tumfar
conditional thumfainn / dtumfainn‡‡ thumfá / dtumfᇇ thumfadh sé, sí / dtumfadh sé, s퇇 thumfaimis; thumfadh muid / dtumfaimis‡‡; dtumfadh muid‡‡ thumfadh sibh / dtumfadh sibh‡‡ thumfaidís; thumfadh siad / dtumfaidís‡‡; dtumfadh siad‡‡ a thumfadh /
a dtumfadh* 		thumfaí / dtumfa퇇
subjunctive present go dtuma mé;
go dtumad† 		go dtuma tú;
go dtumair† 		go dtuma sé, sí go dtumaimid;
go dtuma muid 		go dtuma sibh go dtuma siad;
go dtumaid† 		— go dtumtar
past dá dtumainn dá dtumtá dá dtumadh sé, sí dá dtumaimis;
dá dtumadh muid 		dá dtumadh sibh dá dtumaidís;
dá dtumadh siad 		— dá dtumtaí
imperative tumaim tum tumadh sé, sí tumaimis tumaigí;
tumaidh† 		tumaidís — tumtar
verbal noun tumadh
past participle tumtha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
tum thum dtum
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ “tum”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tummaid, tu(i)mmid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

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Javanese

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Romanization

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tum

  1. Romanization of ꦠꦸꦩ꧀

Latin

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Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *tom, from Proto-Indo-European *tóm, accusative of *só. Cf. its feminine form Latin tam, as in tamquam. Cognate with Ancient Greek τότε (tóte).

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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tum (not comparable)

  1. then, thereupon
    Tum Caecilius in horto sedet.
    Then Caecilius sits in the garden.
  2. at the time, at that time
    tum primum ― for the first time, then at first
    • 58 BC, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico, VII, 11:
      Qui tum primum allato nuntio de oppugnatione Vellaunoduni
      Who then for the first time being delivered information about the siege of Vellaunodunum
    • between 27 and 9 BC, Livy, Ab urbe condita:
      Ea tum cura maxime intentos habebat Romanos, non ab ira tantum, quae in nullam unquam ciuitatem iustior fuit, quam quod urbs tam nobilis ac potens, sicut defectione sua traxerat aliquot populos, ita recepta inclinatura rursus animos uidebatur ad ueteris imperii respectum
      This concern in particular troubled the mindful Romans at the time, not so much because of anger, which has never been more justified against any other city, rather because a city so noble and powerful, in the same way that it had attracted the support of a number of communities by its revolt, was thought would again turn attention back towards respect for the previous government once recaptured.
  3. further on

Usage notes

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Often coupled with cum

  1. Such that "tum x, cum y" = "then x, when y"
  2. "cum x tum y" = "not only x but also y"

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Latin correlatives (edit)
type demonstrative anaphoric identity interrogative/
relative		 indefinite negative other
proximal medial distal relative indefinite free choice universal negative polarity
basic hic iste, istic ille, illic is ipse, īdem quis/quī quisquis, quīcumque quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiam quīvis, quīlibet quisque quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam nēmō, nihil, nūllus alius
dual uter utercumque alteruter utervīs, uterlibet uterque neuter alter
place hīc istīc illīc ibī̆ ibī̆dem ubī̆ ubiubi, ubī̆cumque alicubī, uspiam ubivīs, ubilibet ubīque usquam nusquam, nūllibī alibī, aliās
source hinc istinc illinc inde indidem unde undecumque, undeunde alicunde °undelibet undique aliunde
destination hūc, °hōrsum istūc, °istōrsum illūc, °illōrsum eō eōdem quō, quōrsum quōquō, quōcumque aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum quōvīs, quōlibet quōquam nusquam, nūllōrsum aliō, aliōrsum
method,
means,
path,
place 		hāc istāc illāc eā eādem quā quāquā, quācumque aliquā quāvīs, quālibet quāque nēquāquam, haudquāquam aliā
manner hōc modō istō modō illō modō ita, sīc,
eō modō		 item, itidem ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō quōmodolibet utīque ūllō modō nūllō modō aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
time num, nunc ōlim tum, tunc simul quandō, ‡cum cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque quondam, aliquandō quandōlibet quandōque umquam numquam aliās
quantity tam †tamen, †tandem quam †quamquam aliquam quamvīs, quamlibet
size tantus tantusdem quantus quantuscumque aliquantus quantusvīs, quantuslibet
quality tālis quālis quālis, quāliscumque aliquālis quālislibet
number tot totidem quot quotquot, quotcumque aliquot quotlibet
order totus quotus quotuscumque aliquotus quotuslibet
repetition totiēns quotiēns quotiēnscumque aliquotiēns quotiēnslibet
multiplication totuplex quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated
° Rare
‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative

References

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  • “tum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “tum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • tum in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • tum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • at the same moment that, precisely when: eo ipso tempore, cum; tum ipsum, cum
    • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, quo nemo tum fuit clarior
    • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, vir omnium, qui tum fuerunt, clarissimus
    • I was ten years old at the time: tum habebam decem annos
    • to be sound asleep: sopītum esse
    • to talk of a subject which was then the common topic of conversation: in eum sermonem incidere, qui tum fere multis erat in ore
    • a hand-to-hand engagement ensued: tum pes cum pede collatus est (Liv. 28. 2)

Middle English

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Adjective

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tum

  1. (Northern) Alternative form of tome (“empty”)

Norn

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Etymology

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From Old Norse *þumi, from Proto-Germanic *þūmô.

Noun

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tum

  1. thumb

Old Javanese

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Etymology

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Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t1um (“to boil, to distil”) (compare Thai ต้ม (dtôm, “to boil”), Khmer ដាំ (dam, “to boil”)).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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tum

  1. (cooking) to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed

Descendants

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  • Javanese: ꦠꦸꦩ꧀ (tum)
  • → Balinese: ᬢᬸᬫ᭄ (tum)

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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tum

  1. (onomatopoeia) crash (to collide with something)
    Synonym: crás

Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Old Irish tummaid (“dips, plunges, immerses”).

Verb

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tum (past thum, future tumaidh, verbal noun tumadh, past participle tumta)

  1. plunge, immerse, dip, duck, steep

References

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Sumerian

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Romanization

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tum

  1. Romanization of 𒌈 (tum)

Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Etymology

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From Old Swedish tumme.

Noun

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tum c

  1. inch (unit of length)

Usage notes

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Can mean at least three different units: 24.74 mm (verktum) before 1855, 29.69 mm (decimaltum) between 1855 and 1889, and usually 25.4 mm (engelsk tum) today – an international inch.

Declension

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Declension of tum
nominative genitive
singular indefinite tum tums
definite tummen tummens
plural indefinite tum tums
definite tummen tummens
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References

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Tabasco Zoque

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Numeral

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tum

  1. one

References

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  • A. G. de León G., El ayapaneco: una variante del zoqueano en Ja Chontalpa tabasquena [The Ayapaneco dialect: a variant of the Zoque language in the Chontalpa region of Tabasco]

Ternate

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Etymology

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From tumu, with word-final vowel deletion.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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tum

  1. Alternative form of tumu (“to dive, leap down from”)

Conjugation

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Conjugation of tum
Singular Plural
Inclusive Exclusive
1st totum fotum mitum
2nd notum nitum
3rd Masculine otum itum, yotum†
Feminine motum
Neuter itum
† - archaic

References

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  • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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tum • (𡉾)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Volapük

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Numeral

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tum

  1. hundred
    • 1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 19:
      Cils äbinons-li i pö zäl et? Si! elogob us tumis.
      Were there children at that party as well? Yes, I've seen hundreds of them there.

Usage notes

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This word must be preceded by a numeral for a single-digit number, so "one hundred" is expressed in Volapük as "baltum."

Derived terms

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