Dawn, several birds.

Cortijo en ruinas con algunos frutales abandonados y mosaico de bosque, matorral y pastizal abierto.

Group of 6 or 7 squabbling at feeder. At 1:43 distress call presumably bird caught by local Sparrowhawk.

in mild winter weather, our large group of House Sparrows sings in and on the neighbor's long garden hedge. Typical single calls can also be heard

Amplified. At Zelve Openair Museum.

I believe this is a single House Sparrow that is torn between song and alarming. The reasons for alarming were unclear, but the calls that were being made were the churr, usually given when a ground predator is in the vicinity, and the cree, usually given for an aerial predator such as a Sparrowhawk.

There are two colonies of House Sparrows near my home, this recording is of what I have called colony 2. Although it is believed that social singing is a sign of contentment, you can hear amongst the chirping, many disputes over favourite perches etc.

I leave the microphone in a small group of fruit trees where a group of 30-40 sparrows take refuge when they feel threatened.

Microphone left on a rose bush.

Microphone left on a rose bush.