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The 315 S employed a front mounted evolution of the 60° Jano V12 engine with two valves per cylinder, six Weber 42 DCN carburettors and four chain-driven overhead camshafts,[3] for a total displacement of 3,783.40 cc (3.8 L). Maximum power output was rated to 360 PS (265 kW; 355 hp) at 7,800 rpm in addition to an increase in power output, the engine was also 9 kg (20 lb) lighter than its previous iteration. This allowed for an estimated top speed of 290 km/h (180 mph).[4][5]
The Ferrari 315 S drivers took the first two positions at the 1957 Mille Miglia in the hands of Piero Taruffi which ended up being the final race of his career, followed by Wolfgang von Trips.[6] In addition the 315 S finished sixth and seventh at Sebring, third at the Nürburgring and fifth at Le Mans but was then largely replaced by the 335 S. The victory of a Ferrari 335 S in Venezuela and the retirement of the Maseratis granted Ferrari the World Sports Car Championship in 1957.[7][8]
The change in regulations for the World Sports Car championship to a 3-litre engine limit for 1958 meant the 315 S was replaced by the 250 Testa Rossa.
Only one unit of the 315 S was built from scratch with two converted from a 290 S and 290 MM. They are as follows:[9][10]
1. Chassis 0656. Originally a 290 S at Buenos Aires in January 1957, upgraded to 315 S for the May Nürburgring race and later repaired by the factory with pontoon fenders when raced in the US.
2. Chassis 0674. Originally a 1956 290 MM renumbered and re-engined as a 315 S for Sebring 1957. In June 1957
re-engined as a 335 S for Hawthorn/Lusso at Le Mans. Converted to pontoon fender bodywork by the factory for the Venezuela GP in 1957, later converted back to correct
Scaglietti 335 S configuration.
3. Chassis 0684. Built new as a 315 S, raced twice as such by the factory and only briefly in period in the US without modification before long-term storage and careful restoration.
