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Bagulin

Coordinates: 16°36′28″N 120°26′16″E / 16.607903°N 120.437833°E / 16.607903; 120.437833
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bagulin
Municipality
Municipality of Bagulin
Bagulin town center
Bagulin town center
Flag of Bagulin
Flag
Official seal of Bagulin
Seal
Map of La Union with Bagulin highlighted
Map of La Union with Bagulin highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Map
Bagulin is located in Philippines
Bagulin
Bagulin
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 16°36′28″N 120°26′16″E / 16.607903°N 120.437833°E / 16.607903; 120.437833
CountryPhilippines
RegionIlocos Region
ProvinceLa Union
District 2nd district
Founded1963
Barangays10 (see Barangays)
Government
 [1]
 • TypeSangguniang Bayan
 • mayor of Bagulin[*]Virgilio C. Flor
 • Vice MayorJaime A. Lictao
 • RepresentativeDante S. Garcia
 • Municipal Council
Members
 • Electorate9,608 voters (2022)
Area
[2]
 • Total107.33 km2 (41.44 sq mi)
Elevation
282 m (925 ft)
Highest elevation
885 m (2,904 ft)
Lowest elevation
28 m (92 ft)
Population
 (2020 census)[3]
 • Total14,428
 • Density130/km2 (350/sq mi)
 • Households
3,341
Economy
 • Income class5th municipal income class
 • Poverty incidence
16.21
% (2021)[4]
 • Revenue₱ 99.82 million (2020), 44.09 million (2012), 48.26 million (2013), 45.83 million (2014), 58.75 million (2015), 74.27 million (2016), 64.89 million (2017), 102.9 million (2018), 76.94 million (2019), 110.3 million (2021), 154.5 million (2022)
 • Assets₱ 209.3 million (2020), 60.55 million (2012), 59.43 million (2013), 54.88 million (2014), 60.14 million (2015), 110.5 million (2016), 128.1 million (2017), 171.3 million (2018), 303.2 million (2021), 351.1 million (2022)
 • Expenditure₱ 80.85 million (2020), 33.36 million (2012), 37.84 million (2013), 42.33 million (2014), 40.12 million (2015), 44.73 million (2016), 45.81 million (2017), 56.78 million (2018), 60.69 million (2019), 74.26 million (2021), 99.29 million (2022)
 • Liabilities₱ 19.12 million (2020), 19.65 million (2012), 12.72 million (2013), 15.32 million (2014), 17.02 million (2015), 24.15 million (2016), 31.44 million (2017), 31.98 million (2018), 38.63 million (2019), 21.19 million (2021), 14.37 million (2022)
Service provider
 • ElectricityLa Union Electric Cooperative (LUELCO)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
2512
PSGC
013304000
IDD : area code +63 (0)72
Native languagesIlocano
Tagalog
Kankanaey
Websitewww.bagulin.gov.ph

Bagulin, officially the Municipality of Bagulin (Ilocano: Ili ti Bagulin; Filipino: Bayan ng Bagulin), is a landlocked municipality in La Union, Philippines, classified as a 5th class municipality. As of the 2020 census, it has a population of 14,428 residents. Bagulin is well-known for its broom-making industry, particularly its high-quality soft brooms.

The municipality is situated 21 kilometers (13 miles) from the provincial capital San Fernando City, and 290 kilometers (180 miles) from Metro Manila.[3]

Etymology

[edit]

The name "Bagulin" is derived from the combination of the terms "Bago" and "Ulin." According to local legend, an Igorot named Bago was intrigued by a bluish crystal visible from the uplands. One day, he journeyed westward and reached the shore, where he discovered a beautiful young woman drowning in the waves. Familiar with swimming in rivers and streams, Bago swiftly came to her rescue. This encounter marked the first meeting between Bago, the courageous highlander, and Ulin, the lowland maiden. They soon fell in love, sharing dreams of their future together and discussing wedding plans. Unfortunately, Ulin's parents did not approve of their relationship. Nevertheless, the couple eloped and settled in what is now known as Bagulin. They had a son, whom they named Bagulin, after their own names. Bagulin grew up to become the first and most esteemed chieftain of the community known as "Allabok". Under his leadership, Allabok engaged in tribal warfare, achieving several victories. He was revered as a noble leader throughout his life, and after his passing, the residents, in collaboration with the Spanish authorities, decided to name the community in his honor.[5]

History

[edit]

In its early history, the town traces its origins to the settlements of the Igorot people, predominantly the Kankanaeys, renowned for their prosperous agricultural practices and vibrant animistic culture, which reflect their profound ancestral heritage. By the mid-18th century, the municipality formed part of the township of Allabok, located on the moderate slopes of the mountains overlooking the South China Sea. The community was actively engaged in trade, exchanging commodities such as gold, rice, jars, wax, and woven products with neighboring groups, including the Ilocanos, Ibalois, and Pangasinans, as well as distant traders from Japan and China. The town's name is derived from a tribal leader named Bagulin, who played a significant role in a tribal war in which Allabok was involved. Under Bagulin’s leadership, the community attained several victories, and he was held in high esteem as a noble leader until his death. Subsequently, the residents, with the concurrence of the Spanish authorities, resolved to name the town in his honor.[5]

The significant transformation of Bagulin began in 1903 during the American colonial period, when a parliamentary government was instituted. This change paved the way for the establishment of institutional facilities, heralding a new era for the community marked by the introduction of education. A bamboo community hall with a cogon grass roof was constructed, symbolizing this progress. At that time, Bagulin was placed under the jurisdiction of the Mountain Province, a sub-province of Benguet. The community was subsequently relocated to Picdel, a narrow valley strip along the Naguilian-Bagulin River, providing a more suitable environment for settlement and development.

By 1918, a pivotal agreement between Governor Guzman of the Mountain Province and Governor Pio Ancheta of La Union led to Bagulin’s designation as a municipal district of Burgos within La Union, marking a significant step in its governance structure. In 1922, the Mountain Province officially relinquished Bagulin to La Union, although it continued to function as a municipal district for several more decades.

The administrative landscape of Bagulin underwent further changes in 1928 when the community center was relocated to a nearby settlement known as Suyo, which is now the present-day Poblacion. The former community center, named Nangalisan meaning “an abandoned place” in Ilocano, was left behind as settlers from Naguilian, primarily Ilocanos, moved in to improve Suyo. During this period, a bamboo chalet was constructed to serve as the administrative hall, housing a simple governance structure that comprised a mayor, a secretary-treasurer, and a policeman. This laid the groundwork for future local governance and community organization.

The long-awaited transition to full municipal status came on June 25, 1963, when Bagulin was officially converted into a regular municipality by virtue of Executive Order No. 42, issued by President Diosdado Macapagal. This momentous decision recognized Bagulin as the 20th municipality of La Union, solidifying its place in the annals of the province's history. This transition marked a new chapter in Bagulin's development, enabling it to pursue further growth and self-governance as a thriving municipality within La Union.[5]

Geography

[edit]

Bagulin is situated in the eastern part of La Union, bordered by the San Gabriel to the north, City of San Fernando to the west, Burgos to the south, Naguilian to the southwest, and Kapangan, Benguet to the east. This highland municipality is characterized by its mostly hilly and mountainous, forested terrain. The Naguilian River runs through the town, and access to the lower-lying municipalities is primarily via the Naguilian-Bagulin Road. The town is accessible by vehicles and other common modes of transportation through Naguilian.

Barangays

[edit]

Bagulin is divided into 10 barangays, each consisting of puroks, and some also include sitios, with most classified as rural based on the 2020 census. Each barangay is governed by a Barangay Chairman along with its Councilors. The youth are represented by the Sangguniang Kabataan, with its Councilor responsible for addressing youth-related concerns. [6]

  • Alibangsay
  • Baay
  • Cambaly
  • Cardiz
  • Dagup
  • Libbo
  • Suyo (Poblacion)
  • Tagudtud
  • Tio-angan
  • Wallayan

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Bagulin, La Union
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 30
(86) 		31
(88) 		32
(90) 		33
(91) 		32
(90) 		31
(88) 		30
(86) 		29
(84) 		30
(86) 		31
(88) 		31
(88) 		30
(86) 		31
(88)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 21
(70) 		22
(72) 		23
(73) 		25
(77) 		26
(79) 		25
(77) 		25
(77) 		25
(77) 		25
(77) 		24
(75) 		23
(73) 		21
(70) 		24
(75)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 42
(1.7) 		48
(1.9) 		74
(2.9) 		110
(4.3) 		269
(10.6) 		275
(10.8) 		362
(14.3) 		325
(12.8) 		330
(13.0) 		306
(12.0) 		126
(5.0) 		61
(2.4) 		2,328
(91.7)
Average rainy days 11.2 12.0 17.1 21.2 27.1 26.8 28.1 27.0 26.0 24.5 17.7 12.4 251.1
Source: Meteoblue[7]

Demographics

[edit]
Population census of Bagulin
YearPop.±% p.a.
1918 2,419—    
1939 3,584+1.89%
1948 3,101−1.60%
1960 4,407+2.97%
1970 5,338+1.93%
1975 6,423+3.78%
1980 7,009+1.76%
1990 9,418+3.00%
1995 10,780+2.56%
2000 11,857+2.06%
2007 12,521+0.75%
2010 12,590+0.20%
2015 13,456+1.27%
2020 14,428+1.38%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[8][9][10][11]

Based on the 2020 census data from the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality of Bagulin has a total population of 14,428 individuals.[3] This equates to a population density of 130 residents per square kilometer (340 per square mile), with an average density of 159.3 inhabitants per square kilometer. The population is distributed between 7,564 males and 6,861 females, revealing a slightly higher proportion of males in the area.

In terms of age structure, the population is broken down into three major groups: 27.7% (4,002 individuals) belong to the younger age group of 0-14 years old, indicating a relatively youthful population. The majority of the population, 65.4% (9,438 people), fall within the working-age group of 15-64 years old, which is a significant proportion of the population and reflects the labor force potential of the municipality. Meanwhile, the elderly population aged 65 and above accounts for 6.8% (985 individuals), a smaller yet important demographic group. Notably, the age group with the highest concentration is 10-19 years old, comprising 2,697 individuals, indicating a substantial number of adolescents and young adults in Bagulin.[12]

Ethnically, Bagulin is predominantly home to Indigenous Peoples (IPs), specifically the Kankanaey group, who make up 85% of the total population, amounting to 11,539 individuals.[13] This cultural distinction highlights the deep-rooted indigenous heritage and traditions within the community. The languages commonly spoken in Bagulin include Iloco and Kankanaey, reflecting the cultural diversity and multilingual nature of the municipality.

In terms of religion, Roman Catholicism is the dominant faith in the area, underscoring the strong Catholic influence on the town’s social and cultural life. The religious landscape is an integral aspect of the town's identity, shaping community events, traditions, and social practices.

Economy

[edit]

Bagulin, La Union's economy is largely driven by agriculture, with residents cultivating crops such as rice, corn, vegetables, and fruit-bearing trees like mangoes and bananas. Highland crops, including sweet potatoes and taro, also thrive in the town's cooler climate. In addition to farming, livestock production, particularly poultry, pigs, and cattle, provides supplemental income. One of Bagulin’s major products is the soft broom, made from tiger grass, which is widely produced and recognized as a local specialty. The town's natural landscapes have spurred the growth of eco-tourism, attracting visitors for hiking and other outdoor activities. Despite these strengths, Bagulin faces challenges, including limited infrastructure and market access. However, efforts are underway to boost agriculture, support small businesses, and promote tourism to drive economic growth.

According to the 2024 DTI Cities and Municipalities Competitive Index, Bagulin presents a mixed performance in economic and infrastructure indicators. In terms of Economic Dynamism, the town ranks well in Employment Generation, securing the 20th spot among 5th to 6th class municipalities, signaling effective job creation. It also ranks moderately in Cost of Living (50th), reflecting its affordability. However, the town ranks lower in Active Establishments (161st) and Local Economy Growth (99th), indicating fewer businesses and slower economic expansion.[14]

On the infrastructure front, Bagulin excels in Education and LGU Investment, both ranked 9th, showcasing strong local government investment in these areas. Additionally, its Health Infrastructure ranks 14th, highlighting another strength. Despite these successes, the town struggles with Distance to Ports (142nd) and Availability of Basic Utilities (222nd), suggesting challenges in accessing essential services and transportation, which may hinder business operations and overall development.

Poverty incidence of Bagulin

10
20
30
40
50
2006
49.50
2009
35.07
2012
27.60
2015
12.96
2018
5.5
2021
16.21

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]

Government

[edit]

Local government

[edit]
Main article: Sangguniang Bayan

Bagulin, belonging to the second congressional district of the province of La Union, is governed by a mayor designated as its local chief executive and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years.

Elected officials

[edit]
Members of the Municipal Council
(2019–2022)[23]
Position Name
Congressman Sandra Y. Eriguel
Mayor Virgilio C. Flor
Vice-Mayor Jaime A. Lictao
Councilors Ferdinand D. Tumbaga
Eduardo R. Compas
Warton E. Sacpa
Joel E. Nang-is
Natalia R. Mazon
Robeo B. Sallatic
Prescila D. Dumaguing
Juanito C. Badbadaoi

National Cultural Treasure

[edit]

The town is home to one National Cultural Treasure of the Philippines, which is the Burial Caves of Sitio Alabok in Barangay Cambaly.

[edit]
  • Municipal hall
    Municipal hall
  • Police station
    Police station
  • Street view
    Street view
  • Landscape
    Landscape
  • Tiger grass, used for making soft brooms
    Tiger grass, used for making soft brooms

References

[edit]
  1. ^  Municipality of Bagulin | (DILG)
  2. ^ "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN 0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  3. ^ a b c Census of Population (2020). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  4. ^ "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  5. ^ a b c Provincial Government of La Union. "Municipality of Bagulin History".
  6. ^ "Province: La Union". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  7. ^ "Bagulin: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  8. ^ Census of Population (2015). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  9. ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region I (Ilocos Region)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  10. ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
  11. ^ "Province of La Union". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  12. ^ "Bagulin (Municipality, Philippines) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2024-10-10.
  13. ^ Provincial Government of La Union. "#letmetelyu: "Natalinaay ti biagmi ditoy La Union, nangnangruna kadakami a kameng ti Indigenous People (IP) ta adda dagiti linteg a mangprotektar ken mangbigbig kadagiti karbenganmi kas katutubo."".
  14. ^ "Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index". CMCI. Retrieved 2024-10-10.
  15. ^ "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  16. ^ "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 29 November 2005.
  17. ^ "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 23 March 2009.
  18. ^ "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 3 August 2012.
  19. ^ "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 31 May 2016.
  20. ^ "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 10 July 2019.
  21. ^ "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  22. ^ "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  23. ^ "2019 National and Local Elections" (PDF). Commission on Elections. Retrieved March 6, 2022.
[edit]
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