1988
(Redirected from AD 1988)
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1988 by topic |
|---|
| Subject |
| By country |
|
| Lists of leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Works category |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1988.
1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1988th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 988th year of the 2nd millennium, the 88th year of the 20th century, and the 9th year of the 1980s decade.
1988 was a crucial year in the early history of the Internet—it was the year of the first well-known computer virus, the 1988 Internet worm. The first permanent intercontinental Internet link was made between the United States (National Science Foundation Network) and Europe (Nordunet) as well as the first Internet-based chat protocol, Internet Relay Chat.[1] The concept of the World Wide Web was first discussed at CERN in 1988.[2]
The Soviet Union began its major deconstructing towards a mixed economy at the beginning of 1988 and began its gradual dissolution. The Iron Curtain began to disintegrate in 1988 as Hungary began allowing freer travel to the Western world.[3] The first extrasolar planet, Gamma Cephei Ab (confirmed in 2003), was detected this year and the World Health Organization began its mission to eradicate polio. Global warming also began to emerge as a more significant concern, with climate scientist James Hansen testifying before the U.S. Senate on the issue.
Events
[edit]January
[edit]- January – The cargo ship Khian Sea deposits 4,000 tons of toxic waste in Haiti after wandering around the Atlantic for sixteen months.[4]
- January 1 – The Soviet Union begins its program of economic restructuring (perestroika) with legislation initiated by Premier Mikhail Gorbachev (though Gorbachev had begun minor restructuring in 1985).[5]
- January 7–8 – In the Afghan War, 39 men of the Soviet Airborne Troops from the 345th Independent Guards Airborne Regiment fight off an attack by 200 to 250 Mujahideen in the Battle for Hill 3234, later dramatized in the Russian film The 9th Company.[6]
- January 13 – Vice-president Lee Teng-hui takes over as President of the Republic of China and Chairman of the Kuomintang following the death of Chiang Ching-kuo.[7]
- January 26 – Upon request of Hubert Michon, archbishop of Rabat, two Trappist monks come to Fez and start a community that will later become the Priory of Our Lady of the Atlas.[8]
February
[edit]- February 12 – The 1988 Black Sea bumping incident: Soviet frigate Bezzavetnyy intentionally rams USS Yorktown in Soviet territorial waters while Yorktown claims innocent passage. The accompanying US destroyer USS Caron escapes damage.[9]
- February 13–28 – The 1988 Winter Olympics are held in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.[10]
- February 17
- 1988 Oshakati bomb blast: A bomb explodes outside the First National Bank in Oshakati, Namibia, killing 27 and injuring 70.[11]
- U.S. Lieutenant Colonel William R. Higgins, serving with a United Nations group monitoring a truce in southern Lebanon, is kidnapped (and later killed by his captors).
- February 20 – The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast votes to secede from the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic and join the Armenian SSR, triggering the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.
- February 23 – Start of Anfal campaign, a genocidal counterinsurgency operation within the Iran–Iraq War carried out by Ba'athist Iraqi forces led by Ali Hassan al-Majid on the orders of President Saddam Hussein that will kill between 50,000 and 182,000 Kurds in Iraqi Kurdistan.[12][13]
- February 25 – The constitution of the Sixth Republic of Korea comes into effect.
- February 27–29 – Collapse of the Soviet Union: The Sumgait pogrom of Armenians occurs in Sumqayit.
- February 29 – A Nazi document implicates Kurt Waldheim in World War II deportations.
March
[edit]- March 6 – Operation Flavius: A Special Air Service team of the British Army shoots dead 3 unarmed members of a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) Active service unit in Gibraltar.[14]
- March 16
- The Halabja chemical attack is carried out by Iraqi government forces.[15]
- Iran–Contra affair: Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North and Vice Admiral John Poindexter are indicted on charges of conspiracy to defraud the United States.
- Milltown Cemetery attack: Three men are killed and 70 wounded in a gun and grenade attack by loyalist paramilitary Michael Stone on mourners at Milltown Cemetery in Belfast, Northern Ireland, during the funerals of the 3 IRA members killed in Gibraltar.[16]
- In the United States, the First Republic Bank of Texas fails and enters FDIC receivership, the largest FDIC assisted bank failure in history.[17]
- March 17
- A Colombian Boeing 727 jetliner, Avianca Flight 410, crashes into the side of the mountains near the Venezuelan border, killing 143 people.[18]
- Eritrean War of Independence – Battle of Afabet: The Nadew Command, an Ethiopian army corps in Eritrea, is attacked on 3 sides by military units of the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF).[19]
- March 19 – Corporals killings in Belfast: Two British Army corporals are abducted, beaten and shot dead by Irish republicans after driving into the funeral cortege of IRA members killed in the Milltown Cemetery attack.[20]
- March 20 – Eritrean War of Independence: Having defeated the Nadew Command, the EPLF enters the town of Afabet, victoriously concluding the Battle of Afabet.[19]
- March 24 – The first McDonald's restaurant in a country run by a Communist party opens in Belgrade, Yugoslavia.[21] It was later followed by one in Budapest,[22] and in 1990 in Moscow,[23] and Shenzhen, China.[24]
- March 25 – The Candle demonstration in Bratislava, Slovakia, is the first mass demonstration of the 1980s against the socialist government in Czechoslovakia.[25]
April
[edit]
- April 5 – Kuwait Airways Flight 422 is hijacked while en route from Bangkok, Thailand, to Kuwait. The hijackers demand the release of 17 Shiite Muslim prisoners held by Kuwait. Kuwait refuses to release the prisoners, leading to a 16-day siege across 3 continents. Two passengers are killed before the siege ends.[26]
- April 10 – The Ojhri Camp Disaster occurs in Islamabad and Rawalpindi.[27]
- April 14
- In the Geneva Accords, the Soviet Union commits itself to withdrawal of its forces from Afghanistan.[28]
- The USS Samuel B. Roberts (FFG-58) strikes a naval mine in the Persian Gulf, while deployed on Operation Earnest Will, during the Tanker War phase of the Iran–Iraq War.[29]
- April 16 – Israeli commandos kill the PLO's Abu Jihad in Tunisia.[30]
- April 18 – The United States Navy retaliates for the USS Samuel B. Roberts mining with Operation Praying Mantis, in a day of strikes against Iranian oil platforms and naval vessels.[31]
- April 20 – The world's longest skyjacking comes to an end when the remaining passengers of Kuwait Airways Flight 422 are released by their captors.[26]
- April 28 – Aloha Airlines Flight 243 safely lands after losing its roof in midair, killing a flight attendant and injuring 65 people.[32]
- April 30 – World Expo 88 opens in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
May
[edit]- May 8 – François Mitterrand is re-elected as President of France for 7 years.
- May 15 – Soviet–Afghan War: After more than 8 years of fighting, the Soviet Army begins its withdrawal from Afghanistan.
- May 16–18 – 1988 Gilgit massacre: A revolt by the Shias of Gilgit (in northern Pakistan) is ruthlessly suppressed by the Zia-ul Haq regime.
- May 27–29 – Somaliland War of Independence: Somali National Movement launches a major offensive against Somali government forces in Hargeisa and Burao, then second and third largest cities of Somalia.[33][34]
- May 29–June 3 – The Moscow Summit meeting between U.S. President Ronald Reagan and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev takes place, where the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) was finalized.[35]
June
[edit]- June 10–14 – Spontaneous 100,000 strong mass night-singing demonstrations in Estonian SSR eventually give name to the Singing Revolution.
- June 10–25 – West Germany hosts the UEFA Euro 1988 football tournament, which is won by the Netherlands.
- June 21 – The Poole explosion of 1988 caused 3,500 people to be evacuated out of the town centre in the biggest peacetime evacuation the United Kingdom had seen since the World War II.[36]
- June 22 – Walt Disney Studios and Steven Spielberg release Who Framed Roger Rabbit.
- June 23 – NASA scientist James Hansen testifies to the U.S. Senate that human-made global warming has begun, becoming one of the first environmentalists to warn of the problem.[37]
- June 27
- The Gare de Lyon rail accident occurs in Paris, France as a commuter train headed inbound to the terminal crashes into a stationary outbound train, killing 56 and injuring 57.[38]
- Villa Tunari massacre: Bolivian anti-narcotics police kills 9 to 12 and injures over a hundred protesting coca-growing peasants.[39][40][41][42]
- June 30 – Roman Catholic Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre consecrates four bishops at Écône, Switzerland, for his apostolate, along with Bishop Antonio de Castro Mayer, without a papal mandate.
July
[edit]- July 1 – The Soviet Union votes to end the CPSU's monopoly on economic and other non-political power and to further economic changes towards a less rigidly Marxist-Leninist economy.[43]
- July 3
- The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey, is completed, providing the second connection between the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosphorus.
- Iran Air Flight 655 is shot down by a missile launched from the USS Vincennes, killing a total of 290 people on board.
- July 6 – The Piper Alpha production platform in the North Sea is destroyed by explosions and fires, killing 165 oil workers and 2 rescue mariners. 61 workers survive.[44]
- July 31 – Thirty-two people are killed and 1,674 injured when a bridge at the Sultan Abdul Halim Ferry terminal collapses in Butterworth, Penang, Malaysia.[45]
August
[edit]- August 5 – The 1988 Malaysian constitutional crisis culminates in the ousting of the Lord President of Malaysia, Salleh Abas.[46]
- August 8 – 8888 Uprising: Thousands of protesters in Burma, now known as Myanmar, are killed during anti-government demonstrations.
- August 11 – A meeting of Islamic Jihadi leaders, including Osama bin Laden, takes place, leading to the founding of Al-Qaeda.[47]
- August 17 – Pakistani President Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq and the U.S. ambassador to Pakistan, Arnold Lewis Raphel, are among those killed when a plane crashes and explodes near Bahawalpur.[48]
- August 20 – A ceasefire effectively ends the Iran–Iraq War, with an estimated one million lives lost.[49]
- August 21 – The Mw 6.9 Nepal earthquake shakes the Nepal–India border with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), leaving 709–1,450 people killed and thousands injured.
- August 28 – Seventy people are killed and 346 injured in one of the worst air show disasters in history at Germany's Ramstein Air Base, when three jets from the Italian air demonstration team, Frecce Tricolori, collide, sending one of the aircraft crashing into the crowd of spectators.[50]
September
[edit]- September 11 – Singing Revolution: In the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, 300,000 people gather to express their support for independence.[51]
- September 12 – Hurricane Gilbert devastates Jamaica; it turns towards Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula 2 days later, causing an estimated $5 billion in damage.
- September 15 – The International Olympic Committee awards Lillehammer the right to host the 1994 Winter Olympics.[52]
- September 17–October 2 – The 1988 Summer Olympics are held in Seoul, South Korea.[53]
- September 22 – The Ocean Odyssey drilling rig suffers a blowout and fire in the North Sea (see also July 6), resulting in one death.[54]
- September 29 – STS-26: NASA resumes Space Shuttle flights, grounded after the Challenger disaster, with Space Shuttle Discovery.
October
[edit]- October 5
- Thousands riot in Algiers, Algeria against the National Liberation Front government; by October 10 the army has tortured and killed[clarification needed] about 500 people in crushing the riots.
- Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet loses a national plebiscite on his rule; he relinquishes power in 1990.
- Promulgation of the 1988 Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil.
- October 12
- Walsh Street police shootings: Two Victoria Police officers are gunned down, execution style, in Australia.[55]
- The Birchandra Manu massacre occurs in Tripura, India.[56]
- October 20 – The Los Angeles Dodgers won 4 games to 1 in the 1988 World Series against the Oakland Athletics.
- October 28 – Abortion: 48 hours after announcing it was abandoning RU-486, French manufacturer Roussel Uclaf states that it will resume distribution of the drug.
- October 29 – Pakistan's General Rahimuddin Khan resigns from his post as the governor of Sindh, following attempts by the President of Pakistan, Ghulam Ishaq Khan, to limit the powers Rahimuddin had accumulated.[57]
- October 30 – Jericho bus firebombing: Five Israelis are killed and five wounded in a Palestinian attack in the West Bank.[58]
November
[edit]- November – TAT-8, the first transatlantic telephone cable to use optical fibers, is completed. This led to more robust connections between the American and European Internet.[59]
- November 2 – The Morris worm, the first computer worm distributed via the Internet, written by Robert Tappan Morris, is launched from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the U.S.[60]
- November 3 – 1988 Maldives coup attempt: The People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam, a Sri Lankan Tamil militant group, attempts to overthrow the Maldivian government. At the request of President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, the Indian military suppresses the coup attempt within 24 hours.
- November 6 – The 1988 Lancang–Gengma earthquakes kills at least 938 people when it strikes the China–Myanmar border region in Yunnan.[61]
- November 8 – The United States Vice-president and Republican nominee George H. W. Bush defeats the Democratic nominee and Governor of Massachusetts, Michael Dukakis, in the 1988 United States Presidential Election.
- November 15
- In the Soviet Union, the uncrewed Shuttle Buran is launched by an Energia rocket on its maiden orbital spaceflight (the first and last space flight for the shuttle).
- Israeli–Palestinian conflict: An independent State of Palestine is proclaimed at the Palestinian National Council meeting in Algiers, by a vote of 253–46.
- The first Fairtrade label, Max Havelaar, is launched by Nico Roozen, Frans van der Hoff and ecumenical development agency Solidaridad in the Netherlands.
- November 16
- Singing Revolution: The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR adopts the Estonian Sovereignty Declaration in which the laws of the Estonian SSR are declared supreme over those of the Soviet Union. The USSR declares it unconstitutional on November 26. It is the first declaration of sovereignty from Moscow of any Soviet or Eastern Bloc entity.[62]
- In the first open election in more than a decade, voters in Pakistan choose populist candidate Benazir Bhutto to be Prime Minister. Elections are held as planned despite head of state Zia-ul-Haq's death earlier in August.[63]
- November 23 – Former Korean president Chun Doo-hwan makes a formal apology for corruption during his presidency, announcing he will go into exile.[64]
December
[edit]
- December 1
- Carlos Salinas de Gortari takes office as President of Mexico.[65]
- The first World AIDS Day is held.[66]
- December 2
- Benazir Bhutto is sworn in as Prime Minister of Pakistan, becoming the first woman to head the government of an Islam-dominated state.[67]
- A cyclone in Bangladesh leaves 5 million homeless and thousands dead.[68]
- December 6 – The Australian Capital Territory is granted self-government by the Australian Capital Territory (Self-Government) Act 1988.[69]
- December 7 – In Soviet Armenia, the Ms 6.8 Spitak earthquake kills nearly 25,000, injures 31,000 and leaves 400,000 homeless.[70]
- December 12 – The Clapham Junction rail crash in London kills 35 and injures 132.[71]
- December 16 – Perennial U.S. presidential candidate Lyndon LaRouche is convicted of mail fraud.[72]
- December 20 – The United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances is signed at Vienna.[73]
- December 21 – Pan Am Flight 103 is blown up over Lockerbie, Scotland, killing a total of 270 people. Libya is suspected of involvement.[74]
Date unknown
[edit]- Near the end of the year, the first proper and official Internet connection between North America and Europe is made between Princeton, New Jersey, United States, and Stockholm, Sweden.[75]
- Zebra mussels, a species originally native to the lakes of southern Russia and Ukraine, are found in the Great Lakes of North America.[76]
- 1988 Polish strikes.[77][78]
Births
[edit]January
[edit]
- January 3 – Jonny Evans, Northern Irish footballer[79]
- January 5 – Azizulhasni Awang, Malaysian track cyclist[80]
- January 7 – Haley Bennett, American actress and singer[81]
- January 8 – Alex Tyus, American-Israeli basketball player[82]
- January 11 – Wang Yimei, Chinese volleyball player[83]
- January 12
- Claude Giroux, Canadian ice hockey player[84]
- Xiong Jing Nan, Chinese mixed martial artist and current ONE Women's Strawweight World Champion[85]
- January 13 – Artjoms Rudņevs, Latvian footballer
- January 15 – Skrillex, American musician and DJ
- January 16
- Nicklas Bendtner, Danish footballer[86]
- FKA Twigs, English singer-songwriter, record producer, director and dancer[87]
- Li Xiaoxia, Chinese table tennis player[88]
- January 18 – Angelique Kerber, German tennis player[89]
- January 21
- Ashton Eaton, American decathlete[90]
- Glaiza de Castro, Filipino actress and singer[91]
- January 25 – Tatiana Golovin, Russian-born French professional tennis player[92]
- January 27 – Liu Wen, Chinese model[93]
- January 29 – Stephanie Gilmore, Australian surfer[94]
February
[edit]
- February 2 – Zosia Mamet, American actress and musician[95]
- February 3
- Cho Kyuhyun, Korean singer[96]
- Gregory van der Wiel, Dutch footballer[97]
- Kamil Glik, Polish footballer[98]
- February 4 – Carly Patterson, American gymnast[99]
- February 5 – Natalie Geisenberger, German luger[citation needed]
- February 7
- February 8 – Zemfira Magomedalieva, Russian boxer[103]
- February 9
- Lotte Friis, Danish swimmer[104]
- Monika Liu, Lithuanian singer and songwriter[citation needed]
- February 12 – Nicolás Otamendi, Argentinian footballer[105]
- February 13
- Aston Merrygold, English singer[106]
- Irene Montero, Spanish politician and psychologist[107]
- February 14 – Ángel Di María, Argentine footballer[108]
- February 15 – Rui Patrício, Portuguese footballer[109]
- February 16
- Diego Capel, Spanish footballer[110]
- Zhang Jike, Chinese table tennis player[111]
- Kim Soo-hyun, South Korean actor[112]
- February 17
- Natascha Kampusch, Austrian television hostess and kidnapping victim[113]
- Vasiliy Lomachenko, Ukrainian boxer[114]
- February 20
- February 21 – Matthias de Zordo, German javelin thrower[116]
- February 22 – Ximena Navarrete, Mexican actress, Miss Universe 2010[118]
- February 24
- Brittany Bowe, American speed skater[119]
- Efraín Juárez, Mexican footballer[120]
- February 25 – Claudia Faniello, Maltese singer[121]
- February 26 – Kim Yeon-koung, South Korean volleyball player[122]
- February 28 – Markéta Irglová, Czech-Icelandic singer and songwriter[123]
March
[edit]
- March 2 – Matthew Mitcham, Australian diver[124]
- March 4
- Gal Mekel, Israeli basketball player[125]
- Valentina Shevchenko, Kyrgyz born-Peruvian mixed martial artist[126]
- March 6
- Agnes, Swedish recording artist[127]
- Marina Erakovic, New Zealand tennis player[128]
- Simon Mignolet, Belgian footballer[129]
- Lee Seung-hoon, South Korean speed skater[130]
- March 8 – Laura Unsworth, British field hockey player[131]
- March 10 – Ivan Rakitić, Croatian and Swiss footballer[132]
- March 11 – Fábio Coentrão, Portuguese footballer[133]
- March 14 – Stephen Curry, American basketball player[134]
- March 16
- Jhené Aiko, American singer-songwriter[135]
- Agustín Marchesín, Argentine footballer[136]
- March 17 – Carrie Johnson, British media consultant and activist[137]
- March 19
- Clayton Kershaw, American baseball player[138]
- Zhou Lulu, Chinese weightlifter[139]
- Maxim Mikhaylov, Russian volleyball player[140]
- March 20 – Alberto Bueno, Spanish footballer[141]
- March 21
- Josepmir Ballón, Peruvian footballer[142]
- Gabriela Isler, Venezuelan TV host, fashion model and Miss Universe 2013.
- March 23 – Jason Kenny, British cyclist[143]
- March 27
- Holliday Grainger, English actress[144]
- Jessie J, English singer-songwriter[145]
- Brenda Song, American actress[146]
- Atsuto Uchida, Japanese football player[147]
- March 28 – Lacey Turner, English actress[148]
April
[edit]
- April 2 – Jesse Plemons, American film and television actor[149]
- April 5
- Alisha Glass, American volleyball player[150]
- Daniela Luján, Mexican pop singer and actress[151]
- April 6 – Fabrice Muamba, Democratic Congolese born-English football player and coach[152]
- April 7 – Ed Speleers, British actor[citation needed]
- April 8 – Stephanie Cayo, Peruvian actress, singer-songwriter and model[citation needed]
- April 9 – Swara Bhasker, Indian actress[153]
- April 10 – Haley Joel Osment, American actor[154]
- April 12 – Lisa Unruh, German archer[155]
- April 14 – Roberto Bautista Agut, Spanish tennis player[156]
- April 18
- Vanessa Kirby, English actress and model[157][158]
- Kayleigh McEnany, White House press secretary[159]
- April 19 – Diego Buonanotte, Argentine footballer[160]
- April 21
- Ricky Berens, American Olympic swimmer[161]
- Adriano Moraes, Brazilian mixed martial artist fighter and former ONE Flyweight World Champion
- April 23
- Victor Anichebe, Nigerian footballer[162]
- Alistair Brownlee, English triathlete[163]
- April 25 – Laura Lepisto, Finnish figure skater[164]
- April 27
- Lizzo, American singer-songwriter and rapper[165]
- Semyon Varlamov, Russian Ice Hockey player[166]
- April 28
- Juan Mata, Spanish footballer[167]
- Camila Vallejo, Chilean politician[citation needed]
- April 29 – Jonathan Toews, Canadian ice hockey player[168]
- April 30 – Ana de Armas, Cuban actress[169]
May
[edit]
- May 1 – Anushka Sharma, Indian actress[170]
- May 4 – Radja Nainggolan, Belgian footballer[171]
- May 6 – Dakota Kai, New Zealand professional wrestler[172]
- May 5 – Adele, British singer-songwriter[173]
- May 7 – Ma Jin, Chinese badminton player[174]
- May 8 – Timm Klose, Swiss footballer[175]
- May 11
- Ace Hood, American rapper[176]
- Blac Chyna, American model and entrepreneur[177]
- Brad Marchand, Canadian ice hockey player[178]
- May 12 – Marcelo Vieira, Brazilian footballer
- May 15 – Endéné Miyem, French basketball player
- May 16 – Behati Prinsloo, Namibian model[179]
- May 17 – Nikki Reed, American actress[180]
- May 18 – Taeyang, South Korean recording artist and model[181]
- May 21 – Park Gyu-ri, South Korean idol singer[182]
- May 23 – Jason Kenny, British track cyclist[183]
- May 25 – Cameron van der Burgh, South African Olympic swimmer[184]
- May 26
- Juan Cuadrado, Colombian footballer[185]
- Dani Samuels, Australian discus thrower[186]
- May 28 – Cheng Fei, Chinese gymnast[citation needed]
- May 29 – Tobin Heath, American women's soccer player[187]
- May 30 – Amanda Nunes, Brazilian mixed martial artist[188]
June
[edit]
- June 1 – Javier Hernández, Mexican footballer[189]
- June 2
- Sergio Agüero, Argentine footballer[190]
- Amber Marshall, Canadian actress[citation needed]
- Awkwafina, American actress[191]
- June 4 – Marie Gluesenkamp Perez, American politician[192]
- June 6 – Arianna Errigo, Italian fencer[193]
- June 7
- Michael Cera, Canadian actor, comedian, producer and singer-songwriter[194]
- Ekaterina Makarova, Russian tennis player[195]
- Milan Lucic, Canadian ice hockey player[citation needed]
- June 8
- Lisa Brennauer, German cyclist[196]
- Frédéric Julan, French boxer[197]
- June 9
- Mae Whitman, American actress, voice actress and singer[198]
- Sokratis Papastathopoulos, Greek footballer[199]
- June 11 – Claire Holt, Australian actress[200]
- June 12
- Eren Derdiyok, Swiss footballer[201]
- Mauricio Isla, Chilean footballer[202]
- June 14 – Kevin McHale, American actor, dancer and singer[203]
- June 16
- Banks, American singer-songwriter[204]
- Thierry Neuville, Belgian rally driver[205]
- June 17 – Stephanie Rice, Australian swimmer[206]
- June 18 – Josh Dun, American drummer[207]
- June 19 – Jacob deGrom, American baseball player[208]
- June 20 – May J., Japanese singer[209]
- June 22
- Portia Doubleday, American actress[210]
- Dean Furman, South African footballer[211][212][213]
- June 23 – Chellsie Memmel, American gymnast[214]
- June 25 – Therese Johaug, Norwegian cross-country skier[215]
- June 27
- Célia Šašić, German footballer[216]
- Matthew Spiranovic, Australian soccer player[217]
- June 29 – Éver Banega, Argentine footballer[218]
July
[edit]
- July 1 – Aleksander Lesun, Russian modern pentathlete[219]
- July 2 – Lee Chung-yong, South Korean footballer[220]
- July 4 – Angelique Boyer, French-Mexican actress and singer[221]
- July 5 – Samir Ujkani, Albanian-Kosovan footballer[222]
- July 10
- July 13
- Colton Haynes, American actor and model[225]
- Tulisa Contostavlos, British singer-songwriter[226]
- July 14 – Conor McGregor, Irish mixed martial artist[227]
- July 16
- Eric Johannesen, German rower[228]
- Sergio Busquets, Spanish footballer[229]
- July 20 – Julianne Hough, American ballroom dancer, country music singer and actress[230]
- July 21 – DeAndre Jordan, American basketball player[231]
- July 22 – Noriko Senge, Japanese princess[232]
- July 24 – Han Seung-yeon, South Korean singer and actress[233]
- July 25 – Paulinho, Brazilian footballer[234]
August
[edit]
- August 1
- Max Carver, American actor
- Nemanja Matić, Serbian footballer[235]
- August 2 – Rocío Sánchez Moccia, Argentine field hockey player[236]
- August 5
- Mizuki Fujii, Japanese badminton player[237]
- Federica Pellegrini, Italian swimmer[238]
- August 8 – Princess Beatrice, British princess[239]
- August 9 – Willian, Brazilian footballer[240]
- August 11
- Irfan Bachdim, Indonesian footballer[241]
- Patty Mills, Australian basketball player[242]
- August 12 – Tyson Fury, British boxer[243]
- August 13 – MØ, Danish singer[244]
- August 14 – Kayla Mueller, American human rights activist (d.2015)[245]
- August 18
- G-Dragon, South Korean rapper, singer-songwriter and fashion icon[246]
- Katarina Ivanovska, Macedonian model and actress
- August 19
- Veronica Roth, American novelist and short story writer[247]
- Cristina Scuccia, Italian singer[248]
- August 21
- Kacey Musgraves, American country music artist[249]
- Robert Lewandowski, Polish footballer[250]
- August 23 – Mikhail Aloyan, Russian boxer[251]
- August 24 – Rupert Grint, English actor
- August 25
- Alexandra Burke, English singer[252]
- Giga Chikadze, Georgian mixed martial artist [253]
- August 28 – Rosie MacLennan, Canadian trampoline gymnast[254]
- August 29 – Bartosz Kurek, Polish volleyball player[255]
September
[edit]
- September 1 – Simona de Silvestro, Swiss racing driver
- September 2 – Ishant Sharma, Indian cricketer[256]
- September 3 – Jérôme Boateng, German footballer
- September 5
- Felipe Caicedo, Ecuadorian association footballer
- Nuri Şahin, Turkish footballer[257]
- September 6 – Sargun Mehta, Indian model, comedian, dancer, presenter and actress[258]
- September 7 – Kevin Love, American basketball player[259]
- September 8 – Roy van den Berg, Dutch track cyclist[260]
- September 10 – Coco Rocha, Canadian fashion model[261]
- September 11 – Lee Yong-dae, South Korean male badminton player[262]
- September 12 – Prachi Desai, Indian film and television actress[263]
- September 13 – Eva-Maria Brem, Austrian alpine skier[264]
- September 14 – Martin Fourcade, French biathlete[265]
- September 20
- Sergei Bobrovsky, Russian Ice Hockey player[266]
- Khabib Nurmagomedov, Russian mixed martial artist[267]
- September 21 – Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, Pakistani politician[268]
- September 23 – Juan Martín del Potro, Argentine tennis player[269]
- September 26
- James Blake, English electronic music producer and singer-songwriter[270]
- Kiira Korpi, Finnish figure skater[271]
- Wei Qiuyue, Chinese volleyball player[272]
- September 27 – Alma, French singer-songwriter[273]
- September 28 – Marin Čilić, Croatian tennis player[274]
- September 29
- Kevin Durant, American basketball player[275]
- Maurício Souza, Brazilian volleyball player and politician[276]
- Alexander Volkanovski, Australian mixed martial artist and boxer[277]
October
[edit]
- October 1
- Cariba Heine, Australian actress and performer[278]
- Nemanja Matić, Serbian footballer[279]
- October 3
- Alex Dowsett, British racing cyclist[280]
- ASAP Rocky, American rapper and music video director[281]
- Alicia Vikander, Swedish actress[282]
- October 4
- Melissa Benoist, American actress and singer[283]
- Derrick Rose, American basketball player[284]
- October 5
- Maja Salvador, Filipino actress[285]
- Sam Warburton, Welsh rugby union player[286]
- October 6 – Jennifer Maia, Brazilian mixed martial artist[287]
- October 7 – Diego Costa, Brazilian born-Spanish footballer[288]
- October 8 – Maddie Hinch, English field hockey player[289]
- October 9 – Amanda Serrano, Puerto Rican boxer, mixed martial artist and professional wrestler[290]
- October 10 – Jodie Devos, Belgian soprano (d. 2024)[291]
- October 15 – Mesut Özil, German football player[292]
- October 16 – Ikechukwu Ezenwa, Nigerian footballer[293]
- October 18
- Efe Ambrose, Nigerian footballer[294]
- Sam Quek, British field hockey player[295]
- October 19
- Irene Escolar, Spanish actress[296]
- Claudia Lösch, Austrian Paralympian and alpine monoskier[297]
- October 20
- Ma Long, Chinese table tennis player[298]
- Candice Swanepoel, South African supermodel[citation needed]
- October 21
- Blanca Suárez, Spanish actress[299]
- Hope Hicks, American public relations consultant, White House Communications Director[300]
- Glen Powell, American actor[301]
- October 22
- Parineeti Chopra, Indian actress[302]
- Julia Krajewski, German equestrian[303]
- October 23 – Nia Ali, American hurdler[304]
- October 24 – Emilia Fahlin, Swedish cyclist[305]
- October 28 – Camila Brait, Brazilian volleyball player[306]
- October 29 – Dmitry Muserskiy, Russian volleyball player[307]
- October 30 – Tandara Caixeta, Brazilian volleyball player[308]
- October 31 – Sébastien Buemi, Swiss racing driver[309]
November
[edit]
- November 1
- Scott Arfield, Scottish footballer[310]
- Masahiro Tanaka, Japanese baseball player[311]
- November 2 – Julia Görges, German tennis player[312]
- November 5 – Virat Kohli, Indian international cricketer[313]
- November 6
- Emma Stone, American actress[314]
- Conchita Wurst, Austrian singer, Eurovision Song Contest 2014 winner[315]
- November 7
- Alexandr Dolgopolov, Ukrainian tennis player[316]
- Tinie Tempah, English rapper[317]
- November 8
- Makwan Amirkhani, Iranian-Finnish mixed martial artist[318]
- Jessica Lowndes, Canadian actress and singer[319]
- November 12 – Russell Westbrook, American basketball player[320]
- November 9 – Lio Tipton, American actress and model[321]
- November 15 – B.o.B., American rapper, singer, record producer and conspiracy theorist[322]
- November 16 – Helly Luv, Iranian born-Finnish singer and actress[323]
- November 19 – Patrick Kane, American ice hockey player[324]
- November 20 – Dušan Tadić, Serbian footballer[325]
- November 22 – Dong Bin, Chinese triple jumper[326]
- November 25 – Nodar Kumaritashvili,[327] Georgian luger (d.2010)
- November 26 – Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson, Icelandic strongman and actor[328]
- November 29 – Russell Wilson, American football player[329]
- November 30
- Rebecca Rittenhouse American actress [330]
- Phillip Hughes, Australian cricketer (d. 2014)[331]
December
[edit]
- December 1
- Jelena Blagojević, Serbian volleyball player[332]
- Tyler Joseph, American singer[333]
- Zoë Kravitz, American actress, singer and model[333][334]
- December 2 – Alfred Enoch, British actor[335]
- December 4
- Mario Maurer, Thai model and actor[336]
- Justin Meram, American-Iraqi soccer player[337]
- December 5
- Tina Charles, American basketball player[338]
- Joanna Rowsell, English cyclist[339]
- Miralem Sulejmani, Serbian footballer[340]
- December 6 – Sandra Nurmsalu, Estonian musician[341]
- December 7
- Nathan Adrian, American Olympic swimmer[342][343]
- Emily Browning, Australian actress[344]
- Cláudia Gadelha, Brazilian mixed martial artist[345]
- December 9 – Kwadwo Asamoah, Ghanaian footballer[346]
- December 10
- Wilfried Bony, Ivorian footballer[347]
- Jena Hansen, Danish sailor[348]
- Neven Subotić, Serbian footballer[349]
- December 14
- Nicolas Batum, French basketball player[350]
- Vanessa Hudgens, American actress and singer[351]
- December 16
- Mats Hummels, German footballer[352][353]
- Kaitlyn Lawes, Canadian curler[354]
- Chibuzor Okonkwo, Nigerian footballer[355]
- Park Seo-joon, South Korean actor and singer[356]
- December 17
- David Rudisha, Kenyan middle-distance runner[357][358]
- Yann Sommer, Swiss footballer[359]
- Rin Takanashi, Japanese film and television actress[360]
- December 19 – Alexis Sánchez, Chilean footballer[361]
- December 23 – Tatiana Kosheleva, Russian volleyball player[362]
- December 24 – Nikola Mektić, Croatian tennis player[363]
- December 25
- Dele Adeleye, Nigerian footballer[364]
- Marco Mengoni, Italian singer-songwriter[365]
- December 27 – Hayley Williams, American singer[366]
- December 28 – Katlyn Chookagian, American mixed martial artist[367]
Date unknown
[edit]- Tô Linh Hương, Vietnamese businesswoman[368]
Deaths
[edit]Nobel Prizes
[edit]
- Physics – Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz, Jack Steinberger
- Chemistry – Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, Hartmut Michel
- Medicine – Sir James W. Black, Gertrude B. Elion, George H. Hitchings
- Literature – Naguib Mahfouz
- Peace – The United Nations Peace-Keeping Forces
- The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel – Maurice Allais
References
[edit]
- ^ "History of IRC (Internet Relay Chat)". daniel.haxx.se. Archived from the original on September 19, 2016. Retrieved October 17, 2020.
- ^ The Christian Science Monitor (March 24, 1988). "Look out, Yugoslavia, there's a Big Mac attack coming on! First McDonald's opens in a communist country, and the fans are lining up". The Christian Science Monitor. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved October 18, 2015.
- ^ Binder, David (July 31, 1988). "THE WORLD: Visit From Grosz; Hungary and the U.S., Finally Face to Face". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 3, 2017. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
- ^ Cunningham, William P & Mary A (2004). Principles of Environmental Science. McGraw-Hill Further Education. p. Chapter 13, Further Case Studies. ISBN 0-07-291983-3.
- ^ Abel Aganbegyan (1990). Inside Perestroika: The Future of the Soviet Economy. Harper & Row. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-06-091694-7.
- ^ Infantry. U.S. Army Infantry School. 1990. p. 15. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
- ^ Tsang, Steve (1993). In the shadow of China: political developments in Taiwan since 1949. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 127. ISBN 978-0-8248-1583-7.
- ^ Flachaire, Jean-Pierre (2006). "Le monastère Notre Dame de l'Atlas au Maroc" (PDF). Collectanea Cisterciensia. 68: 1–18. Retrieved December 17, 2023.
- ^ William J. Aceves. "Diplomacy at Sea: U.S. Freedom of Navigation Operations in the Black Sea". International Law Studies. 68.
- ^ Michigan Municipal Review. Michigan Municipal League. 1988. p. 3. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
- ^ "Bomb Kills 14 Near a Base in Namibia". The New York Times. February 20, 1988. Archived from the original on March 29, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
- ^ "Genocide in Iraq". New York: Human Rights Watch. July 1993. Archived from the original on July 22, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
- ^ Johns, Dave (January 24, 2006). "The Crimes of Saddam Hussein – 1988: The Anfal Campaign". PBS Frontline. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
- ^ "IRA gang shot dead in Gibraltar". On This Day. BBC. March 7, 1988. Archived from the original on March 7, 2008. Retrieved March 16, 2013.
- ^ Biological Weapons: The Threat Posed by Terrorists - Congressional Hearing. DIANE Publishing. October 2000. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-7567-0278-6. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ "Three shot dead at Milltown Cemetery". BBC News. March 16, 1988. Archived from the original on January 2, 2008. Retrieved February 2, 2008.
- ^ Managing the Crisis: The FDIC and RTC Experience 1980-1994. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. 1998. p. 598. ISBN 978-0-9661808-2-4. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
- ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-21 HK-1716 Cúcuta-Camilo Daza Airport (CUC)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
- ^ a b "The Battle of Afabet – Annihilation of Nadew Command". zantana.net. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
- ^ "Judges free man jailed over IRA funeral murders". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on September 6, 2004. Retrieved February 2, 2008.
- ^ "Yugoslavs Relish Opening of McDonald's in Belgrade". Los Angeles Times. March 24, 1988. Archived from the original on January 16, 2014. Retrieved July 25, 2013.
- ^ "This is how the first McDonald's was opened in Hungary during communism - Daily News Hungary". dailynewshungary.com. August 5, 2017. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
- ^ "When a Canadian brought McDonald's fast food to Moscow". CBC Archives. January 31, 2019. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
- ^ "The History of McDonald's in China". Chinese Language Blog | Language and Culture of the Chinese-Speaking World. December 4, 2017. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
- ^ "The Candle Demonstration reminds Slovaks of the power of the people". Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of the Slovak Republic. March 17, 2023. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
- ^ a b Antony Walker (April 5, 2018). "Flashback: The deadly hijacking of Kuwait Airways Flight 422". smh.com.au. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
- ^ Aziz, Shaikh (February 7, 2016). "The Ojhri Camp disaster — Who's to blame?". DAWN.COM. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
- ^ Ottaway, David B. (April 15, 1988). "Agreement on Afghanistan signed in Geneva". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
- ^ "Samuel B. Roberts (FFG-58)". NHHC. Archived from the original on June 4, 2024. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
- ^ Shmulovich, Michal. "24 years later, Israel acknowledges top-secret operation that killed Fatah terror chief". The Times of Israel. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. STRIKES 2 IRANIAN OIL RIGS AND HITS 6 WARSHIPS IN BATTLES OVER MINING SEA LANES IN GULF". The New York Times. April 19, 1988.
- ^ "Aircraft Accident Report, Aloha Airlines Flight 243, Boeing 737-100, N73711, Near Maui, Hawaii, April 28, 1998" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. June 14, 1989. NTSB/AAR-89/03. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved February 5, 2016.
- ^ Binet, Laurence (October 3, 2013). Somalia 1991-1993: Civil War, Famine Alert and a UN "Military-Humanitarian" Intervention. Médecins Sans Frontières. p. 214. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
- ^ Tekle, Amare (January 1, 1994). Eritrea and Ethiopia: From Conflict to Cooperation. The Red Sea Press. p. 152. ISBN 978-0-932415-97-4. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
- ^ "Joint Document: 'Realistic Approach' to Reducing Nuclear Risk". The New York Times. Vol. 137, no. 47524. Reuters. June 2, 1988. Archived from the original on August 12, 2024.
- ^ "GALLERY: The explosions that rocked Poole - 30 years since the BDH fire". Bournemouth Echo. June 28, 2018. Retrieved March 29, 2022.
- ^ Robert C. Balling (1992). The Heated Debate: Greenhouse Predictions Versus Climate Reality. Pacific Research Institute for Public Policy. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-936488-48-6. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
- ^ International Union of Public Transport (1989). International Congress: Proceedings. p. 27. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
- ^ Madeline Barbara Léons, Harry Sanabria, ed. (1997). Coca, cocaine, and the Bolivian reality. SUNY Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-7914-3482-6. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
- ^ Gomez, Luis (February 28, 2006). "Bolivia's Political Moment, Part II: Contradictions in Response to Viceroy Greenlee". Narco News. Archived from the original on March 16, 2010. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
- ^ Uco, César; Bill Vann (October 14, 2003). "Bolivian troops massacre strikers". World Socialist Web Site. International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI). Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
- ^ "Bolivia: Cocaleros Sign Truce". Weekly News Update on the Americas. No. 266. Nicaragua Solidarity Network of Greater New York. October 6, 2002. Archived from the original on July 1, 2016. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
- ^ "Soviet Party Votes End to Monopoly on Power: Communist Delegates OK Gorbachev Reforms, Approve Revision of Country's Political System". Los Angeles Times. July 2, 1988. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
- ^ Informal Logic. P.F. Wilkinson. 2002. p. 304. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
- ^ Library of Congress. Library of Congress Office, Jakarta (1990). Accessions List, Southeast Asia. Library of Congress Office, Jakarta. p. 464. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
- ^ Mohamed Salleh Abas (Tun Haji) (1989). May Day for Justice: The Lord President's Version. Magnus Books. p. 4. ISBN 978-983-9631-00-5. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
- ^ Asthana, N. C. (2009). Urban terrorism: myths and realities. Jaipur: Pointer Publishers Distributed by Aavishkar Publishers, Distributors. p. 108. ISBN 978-81-7132-598-6.
- ^ Harro Ranter (August 17, 1988). "ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed C-130B Hercules 23494 Bahawalpur Airport (BHV)". aviation-safety.net. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
- ^ Taylor & Francis Group (October 30, 2003). The Middle East and North Africa 2004. Psychology Press. p. 1028. ISBN 978-1-85743-184-1. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
- ^ Medical 911: The EMS Information Sourcebook. Emergency Care Information Center. 1994. p. 319. ISBN 978-0-936174-12-9. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ Nanci Adler (1990). Five Years Gorbachev. Second World Center. p. 49. ISBN 978-90-71271-11-3. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
- ^ Roel Puijk (1997). Global Spotlights on Lillehammer: How the World Viewed Norway During the 1994 Winter Olympics. University of Luton Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-86020-520-0. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
- ^ Adrian Buzo (2002). The Making of Modern Korea. Psychology Press. p. 212. ISBN 978-0-415-23749-9. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
- ^ Great Britain. Dept. of Energy (1987). Development of the oil and gas resources of the United Kingdom. H.M. Stationery Office. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-11-412826-5. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved July 13, 2021.
- ^ Australia. Parliament. House of Representatives (September 2008). Parliamentary Debates (Hansard).: House of Representatives. Commonwealth Government Printer. p. 8168. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved July 13, 2021.
- ^ Suresh K. Sharma (2006). Documents on North-East India: Tripura. Mittal Publications. p. 133. ISBN 978-81-8324-097-0.
- ^ Najam, Adil Najam (2006). "Ghulam Ishaq Khan Dead". Archived from the original on August 21, 2008. Retrieved October 27, 2006.
- ^ Ami Ayalon (September 25, 1990). Middle East Contemporary Survey, Volume Xii, 1988. The Moshe Dayan Center. p. 120. ISBN 978-0-8133-1044-2. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
- ^ U.S. Industrial Outlook. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industrial Economics. 1989. p. 1. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
- ^ Richard Hill (March 25, 2014). The New International Telecommunication Regulations and the Internet: A Commentary and Legislative History. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 8. ISBN 978-3-642-45416-5. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
- ^ Kristof, Nicholas D. (November 9, 1988). "Toll Reported in China Earthquake Reaches 938". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ Kristina Spohr Readman (June 10, 2004). Germany and the Baltic Problem After the Cold War: The Development of a New Ostpolitik, 1989-2000. Routledge. p. 45. ISBN 1-135-77022-0. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
- ^ The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 1989. p. 230. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
- ^ Terence Roehrig (2002). The Prosecution of Former Military Leaders in Newly Democratic Nations: The Cases of Argentina, Greece, and South Korea. McFarland. p. 164. ISBN 978-0-7864-1091-0. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ Ortiz de Zárate, Roberto, ed. (July 2, 2018). "Carlos Salina de Gortari" (in Spanish). Fundación CIDOB. Archived from the original on October 24, 2014. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "About". World AIDS Day. National AIDS Trust. 2021. Archived from the original on November 20, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ Bokhari, Sajjad (1993). Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto, the Leader of Today. Fiction House. p. 27. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 23, 2021 – via Google Books.
- ^ Saeed, Hasan (December 3, 1988). "Bangladesh starts fixing cyclone ruin". The San Bernardino County Sun. Associated Press. p. 9. Archived from the original on October 25, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Australian Capital Territory (Self-Government) Act 1988 (Cth)". Documenting a Democracy. National Archives of Australia. Archived from the original on February 21, 2006. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "BBC ON THIS DAY | 10 | 1988: Death toll rises in Armenian earthquake". BBC. 2008. Archived from the original on April 7, 2008. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ Hidden, Anthony QC (November 1989). Investigation into the Clapham Junction Railway Accident (PDF). The Department of Transport. pp. 4–5. ISBN 0-10-1082029. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 19, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ Casey, Martin (October 30, 2002). "Campaign draws attention to LaRouche Nancy Spannaus uses his sound bites". Loudon Times-Mirror. Times Community Newspapers. Archived from the original on December 19, 2008. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "FINAL ACT OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE FOR THE ADOPTION OF A CONVENTION AGAINST ILLICIT TRAFFIC IN NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES". International Narcotics Control Board. December 20, 1988. Archived from the original on May 18, 2005. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ African Journal of International and Comparative Law. African Society of International and Comparative Law. 1992. p. 303. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 19, 2021 – via Google Books.
- ^ "nordunet_alkusivut_nettiversio.indd" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
- ^ "Zebra Mussels Overwhelm U.S. Waterways in the Great Lakes Region and Beyond – Copper Screens and Coatings Provide a Solution to this $500 million Problem". Copper Development Association. July 30, 2009. Archived from the original on December 15, 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2011.
- ^ "Pushing back the curtain. BBC News, Poland 1984 - 1988".
- ^ "Polish Unrest Spreads; Dozens of Activists Held; Workers at 2nd Industrial Center Join Protest". The Washington Post. April 30, 1988. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012.
- ^ "Jonny Evans". Leicester City F.C. Archived from the original on April 7, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
- ^ "Azizulhasni Awang". Cycling Track. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
- ^ Nathan Southern (2016). "Haley Bennett – Biography". Movies & TV Dept. The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 8, 2016. Retrieved February 8, 2016.
- ^ [🖉"Alex Tyus Player Profile, Florida, NCAA Stats, International Stats, Events Stats, Game Logs, Bests, Awards - RealGM". basketball.realgm.com. Archived from the original on November 27, 2020. Retrieved November 19, 2020.
- ^ "Yimei Wang (王一梅)". volleybox.net. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ "Claude Giroux". NHL. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved October 22, 2020.
- ^ Furness, Jay (October 2022). "Xiong Jing Nan Beats Angela Lee In Epic World Championship Trilogy Bout". ONE Championship. Archived from the original on October 1, 2022. Retrieved October 1, 2022.
- ^ Nicklas Bendtner; Rune Skyum-Nielsen (October 8, 2020). Both Sides: The Extraordinary, Raw and Unfiltered Autobiography That Everyone's Talking About. Octopus Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-913183-62-2. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "Certificate of Incorporation of a Private Limited Company | Female Reclining Ltd". Archived from the original on July 17, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2021.
- ^ "Xiaoxia Li". IOC. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ "Angelique Kerber". WTA. Archived from the original on July 15, 2019. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
- ^ "Ashton Eaton". IOC. Archived from the original on February 26, 2021. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ "Glaiza de Castro holds birthday concert". Radio Republic. January 28, 2016. Archived from the original on October 22, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2016.
- ^ "Tatiana Golovin". wtatennis.com. Women's Tennis Association. Archived from the original on January 24, 2023. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
- ^ "The new faces of Spring 2009". New York. November 17, 2008. Archived from the original on September 5, 2013. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
- ^ "Stephanie Gilmore: the profile of a unique surfing champion". Surfer Today. January 15, 2020. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
- ^ "Zosia Mamet". rottentomatoes.com. Archived from the original on February 1, 2023. Retrieved February 1, 2023.
- ^ Mark Russell (April 29, 2014). K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution. Tuttle Publishing. p. 39. ISBN 978-1-4629-1411-1.
- ^ 1988 – FIFA competition record (archived)
- ^ 1988 at National-Football-Teams.com
- ^ "Fact Sheet: Carly Patterson" (PDF). USA Gymnastics. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 20, 2011. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "加護亜依のプロフィール" [Ai Kago's profile]. Oricon (in Japanese). Archived from the original on February 7, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2020.
- ^ Mark Russell (April 29, 2014). K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution. Tuttle Publishing. p. 64. ISBN 978-1-4629-1411-1.
- ^ "Matthew Stafford Stats, News, Bio". ESPN. Archived from the original on March 26, 2022. Retrieved March 27, 2022.
- ^ "Zemfira Magomedaliyeva". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved February 7, 2023.
- ^ "Lotte Friis Bio". SwimSwam. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ 1988 at National-Football-Teams.com
- ^ "Aston Merrygold Biography". JLS Official. Archived from the original on June 9, 2012. Retrieved September 2, 2011.
- ^ "Irene Montero". publico.es. February 18, 2017. Archived from the original on February 1, 2023. Retrieved February 1, 2023.
- ^ "Di Maria". FIFA. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ "1. Rui Patricio". soccerbase.com. Archived from the original on January 2, 2023. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
- ^ "Diego Capel". bdfutbol.com. Archived from the original on January 26, 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
- ^ "Jike Zhang". IOC. Archived from the original on March 2, 2021. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ "Kim Soo-hyun | Actor, Composer, Soundtrack". IMDb. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ Natascha Kampusch; Heike Gronemeier; Corinna Milborn (September 16, 2010). 3,096 Days. Penguin Books Limited. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-670-91999-4. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved July 13, 2021.
- ^ "Vasyl Lomachenko". sports-reference.com. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016.
- ^ The News. Independent Communications Network Limited. July 2007. p. 6. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 24, 2021.
- ^ "Matthias de Zordo". IOC. Archived from the original on February 7, 2021. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ "Ki Bo-Bae". sports-reference.com. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016.
- ^ Correa, Ofelia (2010). "Nuestras Reinas: Ximena Navarrete" (in Spanish). Nuestra Belleza. Archived from the original on September 25, 2009.
- ^ "Brittany Bowe". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on February 1, 2023. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
- ^ 1988 at National-Football-Teams.com
- ^ "Claudia Faniello". last.fm. May 17, 2023. Archived from the original on February 2, 2023. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
- ^ "NO.10 김연경". pinkspiders.co.kr. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ "About Marketa Irglova". Archived from the original on November 12, 2014. Retrieved June 23, 2024.
- ^ "Australian Olympic Team profile". Olympics Australia. Archived from the original on August 23, 2008. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
- ^ "Gal Mekel". NBA. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2021.
- ^ "sherdog.com". Valentina Shevchenko. Archived from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
- ^ "Agnes English biography". agnescarlsson.se. Agnes Carlsson and Roxy Recordings. Archived from the original on August 22, 2023. Retrieved January 17, 2010.
- ^ "Marina Erakovic". .wtatennis.com. Women's Tennis Association. Archived from the original on January 24, 2023. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
- ^ "2018 FIFA World Cup Russia: List of players: Belgium" (PDF). FIFA. June 10, 2018. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 11, 2019. Retrieved June 23, 2024.
- ^ "Seung-Hoon Lee". Vancouver2010.com. Vancouver Organizing Committee for the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games. Archived from the original on February 13, 2010. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
- ^ "Laura Unsworth". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on November 21, 2022. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ "Ivan Rakitic". FIFA. November 1, 2020. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015.
- ^ "Fabio Coentrao". FIFA. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
- ^ "Stephen Curry". NBA. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "Jhené Aiko". Grammys. Archived from the original on September 22, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
- ^ "AGUSTIN FEDERICO MARCHESIN". bdfa.com. Archived from the original on January 26, 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
- ^ "Who is Carrie Johnson and how long has she been with Boris?". uk.style.yahoo.com. Yahoo life. July 11, 2023. Archived from the original on January 24, 2023. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
- ^ "Clayton Kershaw Biography". ESPN. Archived from the original on November 6, 2023. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
- ^ "Zhou Lulu". Olympic.org. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
- ^ "Maksim Mikhaylov". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ "Alberto Bueno". soccerway.com. Archived from the original on January 26, 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
- ^ 1988 at National-Football-Teams.com
- ^ "Jason Kenny". British Cycling. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
- ^ "Holliday Grainger". 24smi.org. 24 celebs.com. Archived from the original on January 18, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
- ^ Jessie J (September 27, 2012). Nice to Meet You. Simon and Schuster. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-4711-2580-5. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
- ^ "Brenda Song". TVGuide.com. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ 1988 at National-Football-Teams.com
- ^ "Lacey Turner". Hello!. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2019.
- ^ "Jesse Lon Plemons - Texas, Birth Index". FamilySearch. Archived from the original on March 10, 2016. Retrieved September 13, 2015.
- ^ "Alisha Glass". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ "Daniela Luján | Actress, Soundtrack". IMDb. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ "Fabrice Muamba". soccerbase.com. Archived from the original on January 26, 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
- ^ "Swara Bhasker Age, Husband, Family & Biography". Hamariweb.com Profiles. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ Editors of Chase's (September 24, 2019). Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 218. ISBN 978-1-64143-316-7. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
- ^ "Lisa Unruh". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on February 3, 2023. Retrieved February 6, 2023.
- ^ Josh, J. Current Affairs February 2017 eBook. Jagran Josh. p. 248. Retrieved August 9, 2024.
- ^ "Everyone Is Pointing Out The Same Age Problem With 'Hobbs And Shaw'". Uproxx. August 2019. Archived from the original on October 25, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2020.
- ^ "Vanessa Kirby: 'I was bullied at school and became self-conscious about everything I did'". The Guardian. July 22, 2018. Archived from the original on April 1, 2020. Retrieved April 9, 2020.
- ^ Williamson, Elizabeth (April 27, 2020). "In Kayleigh McEnany, Trump Taps a Press Fighter for the Coronavirus Era". The New York Times. New York City. Archived from the original on May 15, 2020. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
- ^ "D. Buonanotte". soccerway.com. Archived from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 28, 2023.
- ^ "Ricky Berens". IOC. Archived from the original on September 13, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ "Victor Anichebe". soccerbase.com. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2023.
- ^ "Alistair Brownlee". IOC. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ "Laura LEPISTÖ". International Skating Union. Archived from the original on May 4, 2010. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
- ^ Editors of Chase's (October 27, 2020). Chase's Calendar of Events 2021: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 244. ISBN 978-1-64143-424-9. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
- ^ "Semyon Varlamov | #40". nhl.com. Archived from the original on January 26, 2022. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ "Juan Mata". FIFA. Archived from the original on September 10, 2015. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
- ^ "Jonathan Toews". NHL. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
- ^ Nicolaou, Elena (March 12, 2020). "The Most Interesting Thing About Ana de Armas Isn't Ben Affleck". O, The Oprah Magazine. Archived from the original on November 28, 2020.
De Armas was born on April 30, 1988...
- ^ "Anushka Sharma celebrates 25th birthday in Goa". Hindustan Times. May 1, 2013. Archived from the original on May 3, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2014.
- ^ 1988 at National-Football-Teams.com
- ^ Andy. "Dakota Kai: Profile, Career Stats, Face/Heel Turns, Titles Won & Gimmicks | Pro Wrestlers Database". The SmackDown Hotel. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ Patterson, Sylvia (January 27, 2008). "Mad about the girl". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
- ^ "MA Jin (95281)". tournamentsoftware.com. Badminton World Federation. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
- ^ "T. Klose". soccerway.com. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
- ^ Marco Margaritoff (May 11, 2018). "Ace Hood Celebrates His 30th Birthday With 'Trust The Process 2: Undefeated'". complex. Archived from the original on June 8, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2020.
- ^ "Blac Chyna". US weekly. Archived from the original on June 13, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
- ^ Dan Diamond (September 2006). NHL Official Guide & Record Book 2007. Dan Diamond and Associates, Incorporated. p. 311. ISBN 978-1-894801-02-7. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
- ^ "Behati Prinsloo". Haute Fashion Africa. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
- ^ Editors of Chase's (October 27, 2020). Chase's Calendar of Events 2021: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 280. ISBN 978-1-64143-424-9. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
- ^ "Taeyang (BIGBANG) profile, age & facts (2024 updated)". kpopping.com. August 16, 2017. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ Mark Russell (April 29, 2014). K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution. Tuttle Publishing. p. 94. ISBN 978-1-4629-1411-1.
- ^ "Jason Kenny". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved February 7, 2023.
- ^ "Cameron an der Burgh". Olympic.org. Archived from the original on September 25, 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
- ^ "Juan Cuadrado". worldfootball.net. July 19, 2023. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ "Glasgow 2014 - Dani Samuels Profile". Glasgow Commonwealth Games. Archived from the original on January 28, 2015. Retrieved June 23, 2024.
- ^ "Women's National Team, Tobin Heath". U.S. Soccer. Archived from the original on December 7, 2021. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
- ^ "Amanda Nunes". sherdog.com. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
- ^ "14. Javier Hernandez". soccerbase.com. Soccer base. Archived from the original on December 28, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
- ^ Keir Radnedge (2010). Soccer World Cup 2010 Preview. SevenOaks. ISBN 978-1-84732-563-1. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
- ^ LastName, FirstName (2021). Chase's calendar of events 2022: the ultimate go-to guide for special days, weeks and months. Lanham: Bernan Press. p. 306. ISBN 978-1-64143-504-8.
- ^ "PEREZ, Marie Gluesenkamp". bioguide.congress.gov. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Archived from the original on February 2, 2023. Retrieved February 1, 2023.
- ^ "Arianna Errigo". sports-reference.com. Sport reference. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016.
- ^ Editors of Chase's (September 24, 2019). Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 313. ISBN 978-1-64143-316-7. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2021.
- ^ "Ekaterina Makarova". WTA. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
- ^ "Lisa Brennauer". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ "Frederic Julan ("Soap") | Boxer Page". Tapology. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ "Whitman, Mae, 1988-". Library of Congress Name Authority File. Archived from the original on July 16, 2018. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
- ^ "Sokratis Papastathopoulos". FIFA. Archived from the original on August 21, 2015. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
- ^ "Claire Holt Biography". TV Guide. Archived from the original on July 26, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
- ^ "Eren Derdiyok - MKE Ankaragücü - Aktuelles Spielerprofil - Bild.de". sport.bild.de (in German). Retrieved June 23, 2024.
- ^ "Isla, Mauricio". national-football-teams.com. Archived from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved January 29, 2023.
- ^ "Glee: Kevin McHale". Wetpaint. Archived from the original on January 8, 2015.
- ^ "Jillian Rose Banks, Born 06/16/1988 in California". California Birth Index. Archived from the original on June 17, 2018. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
- ^ "WRC". WRC. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ "Stephanie Rice". Olympics. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
- ^ "Happy Birthday Josh Dun!". Fueled by Ramen. June 18, 2013. Archived from the original on May 5, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
- ^ "Jacob deGrom Bio Information - MLB". FOX Sports. Archived from the original on November 6, 2023. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
- ^ "May J." last.fm. Last FM. Archived from the original on January 23, 2023. Retrieved January 23, 2023.
- ^ "Portia Doubleday - Biography". IMDb. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ Makhaya, Ernest (May 20, 2020). "A loyal servant of the game: Legendary Furman leaves SuperSport United". Goal.com. Archived from the original on June 8, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
- ^ "The triumph of Dean Furman". South African Jewish Report. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
- ^ Gravela, Lorenzo (January 4, 2014). Soccer World 2013/2014. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-291-67445-3. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
- ^ "Chelsie Memmel". USA Gymnastics. Archived from the original on September 28, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ "Therese Johaug". International Ski Federation. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
- ^ "C. Šašić". soccerway.com. Archived from the original on January 25, 2023. Retrieved January 25, 2023.
- ^ "Matthew Spiranovic". National Football Teams. Archived from the original on October 22, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
- ^ "FIFA World Cup Russia 2018: List of Players: Argentina" (PDF). FIFA. July 15, 2018. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 11, 2019. Retrieved June 23, 2024.
- ^ "Aleksander Lesun". IOC. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ 1988 – FIFA competition record (archived)
- ^ "1988: Nace Angelique Boyer, famosa actriz de telenovelas mexicanas". El Siglo de Torreón. Mexico City. July 4, 2016. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ "S. Ujkani". soccerway.com. Archived from the original on November 11, 2022. Retrieved January 28, 2023.
- ^ "Maja ALM | Profile | World Athletics". worldathletics.org. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "Sarkodie Biography". Peace FM. Archived from the original on January 2, 2021. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "Colton Haynes Biography". TV Guide. Archived from the original on July 30, 2014.
- ^ Tulisa - The Biography. John Blake. August 6, 2012. p. 9. ISBN 978-1-78219-043-1. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
- ^ "Conor McGregor". UFC – Ultimate Fighting Championship. Archived from the original on August 25, 2016.
- ^ 1988 at World Rowing
- ^ 1988 at National-Football-Teams.com
- ^ Joel Whitburn (2009). Joel Whitburn's Music Stars: Brief Bios of Every Recording Artist who Ever Charted. H. Leonard Corporation. p. 121. ISBN 978-0-89820-176-5. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "DeAndre Jordan - Denver Nuggets Center". ESPN. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ "Her Imperial Highness Princess Takamado and her family". kunaicho.go.jp. Archived from the original on August 15, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ Mark Russell (April 29, 2014). K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution. Tuttle Publishing. p. 94. ISBN 978-1-4629-1411-1.
- ^ "Paulinho". soccerway.com. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved January 25, 2023.
- ^ "N. Matić". soccerway.com. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved January 25, 2023.
- ^ "Rocío Sánchez". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ "Mizuki Fujii". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on September 21, 2022. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
- ^ "Federica Pellegrini". IOC. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ Whitaker's Almanack. J. Whitaker & Sons. 1999. pp. 117–8. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
- ^ "Willian". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ 1988 at National-Football-Teams.com
- ^ "Patty Mills". nba.com. Archived from the original on January 30, 2023. Retrieved February 6, 2023.
- ^ Tyson Fury (November 14, 2019). Behind the Mask: My Autobiography – Winner of the 2020 Sports Book of the Year. Random House. p. 62. ISBN 978-1-4735-7769-5. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
- ^ "MØ on Apple Music". Apple Music - Web Player. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ "What Happened To Kayla Mueller in Captivity? Age， Wiki， Bio Cause Of Death Revealed". 44bars.com. Archived from the original on January 21, 2023. Retrieved January 21, 2023.
- ^ Russell, Mark (April 29, 2014). K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution. Tuttle Publishing. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-4629-1411-1.
- ^ "Veronica Roth: Chosen One". Locus. July 20, 2020. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
- ^ Golder, Joe. "Years after winning The Voice, woman quits being a nun and starts work as a waitress". Life. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ Editors of Chase's (September 24, 2019). Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 421. ISBN 978-1-64143-316-7. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
- ^ "Robert Lewandowski". FIFA. Archived from the original on September 4, 2015. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
- ^ "Misha Aloyan". sports-reference.com. Archived from the original on December 2, 2016.
- ^ Alexandra Burke - A Star is Born. John Blake. October 15, 2009. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-78418-520-6. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "Giga Chikadze | UFC". September 14, 2018. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
- ^ "Rosannagh MacLennan". IOC. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ "Bartosz Kurek". IOC. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ Steven Lynch (November 7, 2011). The Wisden Guide to International Cricket 2012. A&C Black. p. 161. ISBN 978-1-4081-6530-0. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
- ^ "Player Profile". Liverpool FC. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
- ^ "टीवी एक्ट्रेस को पति ने यूं किया B'Day विश, पार्टी में पहुंचे कई सेलेब्स" [TV stars at Sargun Mehta's Birthday bash]. Dainik Bhaskar (in Hindi). September 8, 2014. Archived from the original on September 9, 2014. Retrieved June 23, 2024.
- ^ "Kevin Love". NBA. Archived from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
- ^ "Roy van den Berg". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ "Coco Rocha rocks the runway | Irish Entertainment in Ireland and Around the World". IrishCentral. May 23, 2009. Archived from the original on September 1, 2013. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ "Player's Database Lee Yong Dae". www.badzine.info. Archived from the original on June 30, 2009. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
- ^ Bhagyashri Pawar (September 12, 2013). "Prachi Desai, happy birthday!". Bollywood Life. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
- ^ "Eva-Maria BREM". fis-ski.com. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved February 7, 2023.
- ^ "Martin Fourcade". Olympic.org. Archived from the original on November 13, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ "Sergei Bobrovsky | #72". nhl.com. Archived from the original on April 11, 2017. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ "Khabib Nurmagomedov". sherdog.com. Archived from the original on July 27, 2021. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
- ^ S. Mohammad Reza (1990). Persons who Shape Our Destiny: A Compendium of Bio-datas of Those Persons who are Rendering Important Services in Various Fields of National Activity. Dar Publications. p. 229.
- ^ "Juan Martin del Potro". ATP. Archived from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved October 22, 2020.
- ^ "James Blake on his 23rd Birthday, Limit To Your Love". September 26, 2011. Archived from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved February 18, 2013 – via YouTube.
- ^ "Competition Results: Kiira KORPI". International Skating Union. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
- ^ "CN / China, People's Rep. of - Player's biography". fivb.org. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ HB-Abada, Gabrielle (April 2, 2017). "Eurovision 2017: ALMA, itinéraire d'une enfant de Miami gâtée par la voix..." Le Courrier de Floride (in French). Archived from the original on April 15, 2017. Retrieved April 14, 2017.
- ^ "Marin Čilić". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on January 25, 2023. Retrieved January 25, 2023.
- ^ "Kevin Durant". IOC. Archived from the original on March 27, 2017. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "Maurício Souza". volleybox.net. Archived from the original on October 6, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ "Alexander Volkanovski". sherdog.com. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.
- ^ "Media Kit (Series 1)" (PDF) (Press release). ZDF Enterprises. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 19, 2009. Retrieved June 23, 2024.
- ^ "Nemanja Matic: Overview". ESPN. Archived from the original on June 22, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2024.
- ^ "Alex Dowsett". www.worldcyclingstats.com. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "ASAP Rocky". BBC. Archived from the original on December 30, 2011. Retrieved June 17, 2013.
- ^ Lawrence, Vanessa (December 2011). "Alicia Vikander". W. Condé Nast: 71. Archived from the original on April 1, 2016. Retrieved November 11, 2013.
- ^ Rose, Lacey; O'Connell, Michael; Sandberg, Bryn Elise; Stanhope, Kate; Goldberg, Lesley (August 28, 2015). "Next Gen Fall TV: 10 Stars Poised for Breakouts". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
- ^ "Derrick Rose". IOC. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "Maja Salvador". rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/maja_salvador. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ Sam Warburton (September 19, 2019). Open Side: The Official Autobiography. HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-00-833660-8. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ "Jennifer Maia". sherdog.com. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
- ^ "29. Diego Costa". soccerbase.com. Archived from the original on January 24, 2023. Retrieved January 25, 2023.
- ^ "Maddie Hinch". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on November 21, 2022. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ "Amanda Serrano". awakeningfighters.com. Archived from the original on July 3, 2022. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
- ^ Salazar, Francisco (June 16, 2024). "Obituary: Belgian soprano Jodie Devos Dies at 35". Opera Wire. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
- ^ "Mesut Özil: Overview". Premier League. Retrieved June 23, 2024.
- ^ "I. Ezenwa". soccerway.com. Archived from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 28, 2023.
- ^ "E. Ambrose". soccerway.com. Archived from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 28, 2023.
- ^ "Sam Quek". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on February 9, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ "Irene Escolar, ADN: actriz". Fotogramas. August 7, 2008.
- ^ "Claudia Loesch". paralympic.org. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ "Long Ma". IOC. Archived from the original on March 26, 2017. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "Blanca Suarez: 27 anos en 18 grandes momentos". Vanity Fair (in Spanish). October 21, 2015. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved February 3, 2021.
- ^ Evelyn Richards (October 2, 2020). "Hope Hicks: Age, career and who is her former boyfriend Rob Porter?". Metro. Archived from the original on December 1, 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
- ^ "Glen Powell | Actor, Producer, Writer". IMDb. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
- ^ "Birthday Bells". Dainik Bhaskar. Archived from the original on October 4, 2013. Retrieved February 19, 2013.
- ^ "Julia Krajewski". rio2016.com. Archived from the original on August 6, 2016.
- ^ "Nia ALI". worldathletics.org. Archived from the original on February 6, 2023. Retrieved February 6, 2023.
- ^ "Emilia Fahlin". procyclingstats.com. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ "Camila Brait (Líbero)". voleibrasil.org.br. Archived from the original on August 30, 2011.
- ^ "Dmitry Musersky". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
- ^ "Tandara Caixeta". fivb.com. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ "FIA World Endurance Championship Team – Sébastien Buemi (#8)". Toyota Racing. Archived from the original on July 24, 2016. Retrieved May 27, 2012.
- ^ "Scott Arfield". Scottish FA. Archived from the original on March 5, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
- ^ "Tanaka, Masahiro". npb.jp. Archived from the original on March 22, 2023. Retrieved January 29, 2023.
- ^ "Julia Goerges". WTA. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ Bloomsbury Publishing (February 28, 2013). The Shorter Wisden India Almanack 2013. A&C Black. p. 95. ISBN 978-93-82951-01-8. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
- ^ "Emma Stone Biography". FYI. Archived from the original on April 23, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2016.
- ^ "Conchita Wurst: Biography". ConchitaWurst.com. Archived from the original on May 25, 2015. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
- ^ "Alexandr Dolgopolov". ATP. Archived from the original on November 16, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
- ^ "Tinie Tempah: Ten Facts About The 'Trampoline' Rapper". Capitalfm.com. Archived from the original on September 23, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2015.
- ^ "Makwan". Archived from the original on October 11, 2022. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
- ^ "Jessica Lowndes". TVGuide.com. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
- ^ "Russell Westbrook". IOC. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "Lio Tipton". rottentomatoes.com. Archived from the original on January 26, 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
- ^ "Interview With Bobby Ray a.k.a. B.o.B. | Keep It Trill - New Music". September 11, 2010. Archived from the original on September 11, 2010. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
- ^ "Helly Luv". last.fm. last fm. Archived from the original on January 21, 2023. Retrieved January 21, 2023.
- ^ "Patrick Kane". IOC. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "Dusan Tadic". SuperSport. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "Athletics Podium". Athletics Podium. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "Nodar Kumaritashvili". www.eurosport.com. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "About Hafþór". Official website. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2021.
- ^ "Russell Wilson Stats, News, Videos, Highlights, Pictures, Bio – Seattle Seahawks". ESPN.com. Archived from the original on August 16, 2014. Retrieved September 22, 2020.
- ^ "Rebecca Rittenhouse Meaders, Born 11/30/1988 in California | CaliforniaBirthIndex.org". www.californiabirthindex.org. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
- ^ "Phillip Hughes obituary: a very modern batsman who was heading for greatness". The Guardian. November 27, 2014. Archived from the original on March 3, 2021. Retrieved November 27, 2014.
- ^ "Jelena Blagojević". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ a b "Today's celebrity birthdays: Woody Allen, Zoe Kravitz (December 1, 2016)". Entertainment. cleveland.com. Advance Local Media. December 1, 2016. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "Bonet, Kravitz Have Baby Girl 7 Lbs., Name Her Zoe". Jet. Johnson Publishing Company. December 19, 1988. p. 57. Archived from the original on March 12, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
- ^ "Alfred Enoch". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Archived from the original on October 25, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "มาริโอ้ เมาเร่อ (โอ้)" [Mario Maurer (oh)]. nangdee.com (in Thai). MMM Digital Asset Co., Ltd. 2006. Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "Justin Meram". soccerway.com. Soccer way. Archived from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 19, 2023.
- ^ "Tina Charles". sports-reference.com. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016.
- ^ March, Imelda (February 7, 2012). "Interview: Getting to know British rider Joanna Rowsell". Daily Peloton. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved October 29, 2013.
- ^ "M. Sulejmani". soccerway.com. Archived from the original on October 18, 2022. Retrieved January 25, 2023.
- ^ "Sandra Nurmsalu" (in Estonian). Allstarz.ee. Archived from the original on February 6, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
- ^ "Nathan Adrian". IOC. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ "Nathan Adrian". Olympedia. OlyMADMen. Archived from the original on October 25, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "Emily Browning Picture, Video, Wallpaper, Profile, Gossip, and News". CelebrityWonder.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2011. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "Claudia Gadelha". sherdog.com. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
- ^ "Udinese player profile – Asamoah, Kwadwo". udinese.it. Udinese Calcio. Archived from the original on February 25, 2012. Retrieved January 24, 2012.
- ^ "Wilfried Bony". National Football Teams. Archived from the original on October 25, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "Jena Hansen". olympedia.org. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
- ^ "Neven Subotic". espn.com. Archived from the original on January 29, 2023. Retrieved January 29, 2023.
- ^
- Career statistics from NBA.com
- ^ Phares, Heather. "Vanessa Hudgens Songs, Albums, Reviews, Bio & More". AllMusic, Netaktion LLC. Archived from the original on October 25, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "Mats Hummels". FIFA. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ "Mats Hummels". National Football Teams. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "Kaitlyn Lawes". olympedia.org.
- ^ "C. Okonkwo". soccerway.com.
- ^ "Park Seo-joon (박서준)". HanCinema. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "David Lekuta Rudisha". IOC. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "David Rudisha". Olympedia. OlyMADMen. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "Y. Sommer". soccerway.com.
- ^ "高梨臨" [RIN TAKANASHI]. Stardust Promotion. 2014. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "Alexis Sanchez". FIFA. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ "Tatyana Kosheleva". volleyballworld.com.
- ^ "Nikola Mektic". atptour.com. Association of Tennis Professionals.
- ^ "A. Adeleye". soccerway.com.
- ^ Martinotti, Lorenzo (December 25, 2020). "Tutto su Marco Mengoni, una delle più belle voci del nostro pop" [All about Marco Mengoni, one of the most beautiful voices of our pop]. Notizie Musica (in Italian). Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ "Hayley Williams". Zimbio. Livingly Media, Inc. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
- ^ "Katlyn Chookagian". sherdog.com.
- ^ "Công ty CP Đầu tư Xây dựng Vinaconex – PVC Tổ chức Đại hội đồng cổ đông thường niên năm 2012". pvv.com.vn. Archived from the original on April 18, 2012.
