Pope Pius XII
Venerable Pope Pius XII | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Papacy began | March 2, 1939 |
| Papacy ended | October 9, 1958 |
| Predecessor | Pius XI |
| Successor | John XIII |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Eugenio Maria Guiseppe Giovanni Pacelli |
| Born | March 2, 1876 Rome, Italy |
| Died | October 9, 1958 (aged 82) Castel Gandolfo, Italy |
| Motto | Opus Justitiae Pax (The work of justice shall be peace) |
| Other popes named Pius | |
Pope Pius XII (Latin: Pius PP. XII; Italian: Pio XII), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (March 2, 1876 – October 9, 1958), was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 261st Pope from 1939 to 1958.[1]
Early life
[change | change source]Pacelli was born on 2 March 1876 in Rome, Italy. He studied at the Capranica Seminary and the Pontifical Gregorian University. In 1895, he earned a degree in Theology.[2]
Priest
[change | change source]Pacelli was ordained as a priest on 2 April 1899. In 1904, he was raised to the rank of Monsignor. He worked at the Office of the Congregation of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs.[2]
Bishop
[change | change source]In 1917, Pope Benedict XV appointed him an archbishop and nuncio to Bavaria, Germany.[2]
Cardinal
[change | change source]Pope Pius XI raised Pacelli to the rank of Cardinal in December 1929.[3]
In February 1930, Cardinal Pacelli became the Vatican Secretary of State.[3]
Pope
[change | change source]Cardinal Pacelli was elected Pope on 2 March 1939,[2] which was his 63th birthday.
Pius XII wrote forty-one official papal letters (encylicals).
Pius XII named forty-two new cardinals.
Related pages
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]
- ↑ "List of Popes," Catholic Encyclopedia (2009); retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Pope Pius XII"[permanent dead link], Embryo Project Archived 2011-10-05 at the Wayback Machine (2010); retrieved 2011-11-02.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Cardinal Pacelli Papal Secretary," New York Times. February 11, 1930; retrieved 2011-11-9.
Other websites
[change | change source]
- Vatican webpage, Pius XII biography (in Italian)
- Critical Online Edition of the Nuncial Reports of Eugenio Pacelli (1917–1929)
- Tomb of Pius XII
- Catholic hierarchy, Pope Pius XII
- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church Archived 2011-10-30 at the Wayback Machine, Cardinal Pacelli Archived 2013-12-31 at the Wayback Machine
| Preceded by Pius XI |
Pope 1939–1958 |
Succeeded by John XXIII |