torculum

Latin

Etymology

From torqueō (“twist”) +‎ -ulum (instrument noun suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈtor.ku.lum/, [ˈt̪ɔrkʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈtor.ku.lum/, [ˈt̪ɔrkulum]

Noun

torculum n (genitive torculī); second declension

1. a wine or olive oil press

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	torculum	torcula
genitive	torculī	torculōrum
dative	torculō	torculīs
accusative	torculum	torcula
ablative	torculō	torculīs
vocative	torculum	torcula

Derived terms

• torculō

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: torchio
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: turchi
  • Lombard: torcc
  • Piedmontese: torcc
  • Romansch: torchel
  • Venetan: tòrcoło, tòrcol — Belluno
• Vulgar Latin: *troculum
  • Catalan: trull
    • → Spanish: trullo
  • Old French: truil, troil, treil, treuil
    • French: treuil
    • → Sicilian: trugghiu
  • Occitan: truèlh, truòlh
  • >? Galician: trollo, trolho (reintegrationist) (etymology 2)
• Borrowings:
  • → Albanian: tork
  • → Catalan: tòrcul
  • → Old High German: torcula
    • German: Torkel
  • → Italian: torcolo (archaic)
  • → Portuguese: tórculo
  • → Spanish: tórculo

References

• Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “estrujar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 815
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “tŏrcŭlum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 13: To–Tyrus, page 43

Further reading

• “torculum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• torculum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.