roc

See also: ROC, RoC, Roc, R.O.C., and R. O. C.

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: rŏk, IPA^(key): /ɹɒk/
• Homophones: rock, rawk
• Rhymes: -ɒk

Etymology 1

Spanish rocho, ruc, from Arabic رُخّ (ruḵḵ), from Persian رخ (rox).

Alternative forms

• roche
• rok
• ruc, rukh

Noun

roc (plural rocs)

1. An enormous mythical bird in Eastern legend.
   • The Arabian Nights Entertainment. Tale 4. Sinbad. The Second Voyage.

     "By this time the sun was about to set, and all of a sudden the sky became as dark as if it had been covered with a thick cloud. I was much astonished at this sudden darkness, but much more when I found it occasioned by a bird of a monstrous size, that came flying toward me. I remembered that I had often heard mariners speak of a miraculous bird called Roc, and conceived that the great dome which I so much admired must be its egg. In short, the bird alighted, and sat over the egg. As I perceived her coming, I crept to the egg, so that I had before me one of the legs of the bird, which was as big as the trunk of a tree. I tied myself strongly to it with my turban, in hopes that the roc next morning would carry me with her out of this desert island. After having passed the night in this condition, the bird flew away as soon as it was daylight, and carried me so high, that I could not discern the earth;

Synonyms

• peng (Chinese contexts)

Translations

enormous mythical bird in Eastern legend

• Arabic: رُخّ m (ruḵḵ)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 鵬／鹏 (zh) (péng), 大鵬／大鹏 (zh) (dàpéng)

• Dutch: rok (nl)
• Esperanto: birdo Roĥo
• Finnish: rok (fi)
• German: Rokh m, Roch (de) m
• Persian: رخ (fa) (roxx)
• Russian: рух (ru) f (rux)

Etymology 2

Noun

roc

1. (medicine, colloquial) Rocuronium.

Anagrams

• CoR, orc, Orc, cro, cor-, ORC, Cor., OCR, CRO, cor., COR, cor

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈrɔk]

Etymology 1

From roca.

Noun

roc m (plural rocs)

1. rock, stone

See also

• pedra

Etymology 2

From Persian رخ (rox), from Middle Persian lhw' (rox, “rook, castle (chess)”).

Noun

roc m (plural rocs)

1. (obsolete) rook (chess piece)

   Synonym: torre

2. (heraldry) rook (heraldic charge)
3. (mythology) roc (mythological bird)

Further reading

• “roc” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁɔk/

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

Variant of roche.

Noun

roc m (plural rocs)

1. rock

Derived terms

• solide comme un roc

Related terms

• roche
• rocher

Etymology 2

From Old French roc, ultimately from Persian رخ (rox), from Middle Persian lhw' (rox, “rook, castle (chess)”), possibly from Sanskrit रथ (ratha, “chariot”).

Noun

roc m (plural rocs)

1. (dated, chess) rook

   Synonym: tour

Related terms

• roquer
• rocade

Further reading

• “roc”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• cor

Interlingua

Noun

roc (plural roches)

1. rook (chess piece)

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɾˠɔk/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Norse hrukka (“wrinkle”)

Noun

roc m (genitive singular roic, nominative plural roic)

1. ray (fish)

Declension

Declension of roc

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative roc roic Vocative a roic a roca Genitive roic roc Dative roc roic

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an roc na roic Genitive an roic na roc Dative leis an roc don roc leis na roic

Derived terms

• roc ga nimhe (“stingray”)
• roc iolair (“eagle ray”)
• roc nimhe (“electric ray, numb-fish”)

 

References

• MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “roc”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎^[1], Stirling, →ISBN

Etymology 2

From Old Irish roc (“wrinkle”).

Noun

roc m (genitive singular roic, nominative plural roic)

1. wrinkle, ruck, crease, pucker

   Bhí roic sa léine.

   There were wrinkles in the shirt.

Declension

Declension of roc

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative roc roic Vocative a roic a roca Genitive roic roc Dative roc roic

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an roc na roic Genitive an roic na roc Dative leis an roc don roc leis na roic

Verb

roc (present analytic rocann, future analytic rocfaidh, verbal noun rocadh, past participle roctha) (transitive, intransitive)

1. wrinkle, crease, pucker
2. corrugate
3. kink
4. crimp

Conjugation

conjugation of roc (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	rocaim	rocann tú; rocair†	rocann sé, sí	rocaimid	rocann sibh	rocann siad; rocaid†	a rocann; a rocas	roctar
	past	roc mé; rocas	roc tú; rocais	roc sé, sí	rocamar; roc muid	roc sibh; rocabhair	roc siad; rocadar	a roc / ar roc*	rocadh
	past habitual	rocainn	roctá	rocadh sé, sí	rocaimis; rocadh muid	rocadh sibh	rocaidís; rocadh siad	a rocadh / a rocadh*	roctaí
future		rocfaidh mé; rocfad	rocfaidh tú; rocfair†	rocfaidh sé, sí	rocfaimid; rocfaidh muid	rocfaidh sibh	rocfaidh siad; rocfaid†	a rocfaidh; a rocfas	rocfar
conditional		rocfainn	rocfá	rocfadh sé, sí	rocfaimis; rocfadh muid	rocfadh sibh	rocfaidís; rocfadh siad	a rocfadh / a rocfadh*	rocfaí
subjunctive	present	go roca mé; go rocad†	go roca tú; go rocair†	go roca sé, sí	go rocaimid; go roca muid	go roca sibh	go roca siad; go rocaid†	—	go roctar
	past	dá rocainn	dá roctá	dá rocadh sé, sí	dá rocaimis; dá rocadh muid	dá rocadh sibh	dá rocaidís; dá rocadh siad	—	dá roctaí
imperative		rocaim	roc	rocadh sé, sí	rocaimis	rocaigí; rocaidh†	rocaidís	—	roctar
verbal noun		rocadh
past participle		roctha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form

Derived terms

• rocach

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “roc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Latvian

Verb

roc

1. inflection of rakt:
   1. second-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French roc.

Noun

roc m (plural rocs)

1. (chess) rook

Descendants

• French: roc

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (roc)

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic رُخّ (ruḵḵ), from Persian رخ (rox).

Noun

roc oblique singular, m (oblique plural ros, nominative singular ros, nominative plural roc)

1. (chess) rook

Descendants

• Middle French: roc
  • French: roc
• → Middle English: rook
  • English: rook
    • → Japanese: ルーク (rūku)
    • → Korean: 룩 (ruk)

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (roc)

Old Khmer

Verb

roc

1. Latin script form of រោច៑ (“to withdraw”)

Noun

roc

1. Latin script form of រោច៑ (“fortnight following full moon”)

Old Saxon

Noun

roc m

1. Alternative spelling of rok

Welsh

Etymology

From English rock.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɔk/
• Rhymes: -ɔk

Noun

roc m (not mutable)

1. rock (style of music)

   Synonym: cerddoriaeth roc

See also

• roc-a-rôl
• roc-an-rôl

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “roc”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Zazaki

Etymology

Related to Persian روز (ruz).

Noun

roc (n)

1. Sun
2. day