follus

Old Irish

Etymology

From fo- (“under-”) +‎ solus (“bright, clear”). For ṡl > ll compare coll (“hazel”), fuillechtae (past participle of fo·slig (“to smear”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɸo.l͈us]

Adjective

follus (superlative faillsem)

1. clear, evident
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 32^a2

     Arimp follus et ara·ngaba cách desimrecht de.

     So that it may be clear and that everyone may take example from it.

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 74^d7

     Is follus rund·gabsat t'erchoilti-siu indiumsa isindí arndam·roichlis-se hua bás.

     It is clear that Your determinations are in me, in that You have guarded me from death.

   • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 59^a11

     Is follus inna n-inni-som inne inna n-anmmann húa·taat.

     Apparent in their meaning is the meaning of the nouns from which they are [derived].

Inflection

u-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	follus	follus	follus
Vocative	follus
Accusative	follus	follais
Genitive	follais	foilse	follais
Dative	follus	follais	follus
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	foilsi	foilsi
Vocative	foilsi
Accusative	foilsi
Genitive	*
Dative	foilsib
Notes	*not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish

Descendants

• Middle Irish: follus
  • Irish: follas

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
follus	ḟollus	follus pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “follus”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language