Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mōtō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown. Pokorny derives from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure”), similar to *metaþs, *metaną, etc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmɔː.tɔː/

Noun

*mōtō f

1. tax
2. toll

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *mōtō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*mōtō	*mōtôz
vocative	*mōtō	*mōtôz
accusative	*mōtǭ	*mōtōz
genitive	*mōtōz	*mōtǫ̂
dative	*mōtōi	*mōtōmaz
instrumental	*mōtō	*mōtōmiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *mōtu
  • Old English: mōt
    • Middle English: mot
      • Yola: mot
  • Old High German: *muoza
    • Middle High German: muoze
      • Bavarian: Mueß (“miller's fee”)
  • → Medieval Latin: mūta [a. 837]
    • → Old Dutch: *mūta
      • Middle Dutch: mute
        • Dutch: muit (archaic)
    • → Old High German: *mūta, muta (alternatively borrowed from Gothic)
      • Middle High German: mūte
        • German: Maut
    • → Old Norse: múta
      • Icelandic: múta
      • Norwegian Nynorsk: mute
      • Old Swedish: múta
        • Swedish: muta
• Gothic: 𐌼𐍉𐍄𐌰 (mōta)
• → Latvian: muita (“customs, tax”) (probably from earlier *mūʔta)
• → Livonian: mūita (“customs”)
• → Proto-Slavic: *mytò (see there for further descendants)