貶

See also: 贬

貶 U+8CB6, 貶 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CB6 ← 貵 [U+8CB5] CJK Unified Ideographs 買 → [U+8CB7]

Translingual

Han character

貶 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 月金竹戈人 (BCHIO), four-corner 6283₇, composition ⿰貝乏)

Derived characters

• 𠍥, 𠹰, 𢵉, 𬜎, 𧒅

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1206, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36707
• Dae Jaweon: page 1669, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3628, character 3
• Unihan data for U+8CB6

Chinese

trad.		貶
simp.		贬

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乏) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
砭	*prom, *proms
貶	*promʔ
窆	*proms
泛	*pʰoms, *bob
姂	*pʰoms, *bob, *kpʰob
䒦	*pʰom, *pʰoms
柉	*bom
覂	*poŋʔ
眨	*sproːb
鴔	*brub
乏	*bob

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *promʔ) : semantic 貝 (“shell”) + phonetic 乏 (OC *bob).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): biǎn (bian³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄢˇ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bian³

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bin²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): pién

  (Meixian, Guangdong): bian³

• Northern Min (KCR): bǐng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pián

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ping² / pêng² / biang² / biêng²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵pi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: biǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: biǎn
    • Wade–Giles: pien³
    • Yale: byǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bean
    • Palladius: бянь (bjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: bian³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bian
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /piɛn⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bin²
    • Yale: bín
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bin²
    • Guangdong Romanization: bin²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /piːn³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pién
    • Hakka Romanization System: bien^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bian³
    • Sinological IPA: /pi̯en³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: bian³
    • Sinological IPA: /pian³¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bǐng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /piŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pián
    • Tâi-lô: pián
    • Phofsit Daibuun: piern
    • IPA (Xiamen): /piɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /piɛn⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /piɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɛn⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ping² / pêng² / biang² / biêng²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phíng / phéng / piáng / piéng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ⁵²/, /pʰeŋ⁵²/, /piaŋ⁵²/, /pieŋ⁵²/

Note:

• pêng - Jieyang;
• biêng2 - Chaozhou.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵pi
    • MiniDict: pi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²pi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pi³⁴/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 貶
Mandarin	Beijing	/pian²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/pian²¹³/
	Tianjin	/pian¹³/
	Jinan	/piã⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/piã⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/pian⁵³/
	Xi'an	/piã⁵³/
	Xining	/piã⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/pian⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/piɛ̃n⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/pian⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/piɛn⁴²/
	Chengdu	/pian⁵³/
	Guiyang	/pian⁴²/
	Kunming	/piɛ̃⁵³/
	Nanjing	/pien²¹²/
	Hefei	/piĩ²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pie⁵³/
	Pingyao	/pie̞⁵³/
	Hohhot	/pie⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/pi³⁵/
	Suzhou	/piɪ⁵¹/
	Hangzhou	/piẽ̞⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/pi³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/pe³⁵/
	Tunxi	/piɛ³¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/piẽ⁴¹/
	Xiangtan	/piẽ⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/piɛn²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/pien³¹/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pin³⁵/
	Nanning	/pin³⁵/
	Hong Kong	/pin³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/pian⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pieŋ³²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/piŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/piaŋ⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ʔbin²¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: pjemX

Rime
Character	貶
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	鹽 (154)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方斂切
Baxter	pjemX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠiᴇmX/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚiɛmX/
Shao Rongfen	/piæmX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pjiamX/
Li Rong	/pjɛmX/
Wang Li	/pĭɛmX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯ɛmX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	biǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bin2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pr[e]mʔ/, /*p(r)[o]mʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*promʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	貶	貶
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	biǎn	biǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ pjemX ›	‹ pjemX ›
Old Chinese	/*pr[e]mʔ/	/*p(r)[o]mʔ/
English	diminish	diminish
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	貶
Reading #	1/1
No.	2841
Phonetic component	乏
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	貶
Old Chinese	/*promʔ/

Definitions

貶

1. to reduce; to lower

   貶值／贬值  ―  biǎnzhí  ―  to depreciate

   • 貶食省用，務穡勸分。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     贬食省用，务穑劝分。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Biǎn shí xǐng yòng, wùsè quànfēn. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (literary) to demote

   貶謫／贬谪  ―  biǎnzhé  ―  to demote and banish from the court

   • 一不朝，則貶其爵，再不朝，則削其地。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     一不朝，则贬其爵，再不朝，则削其地。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Yī bù cháo, zé biǎn qí jué, zài bù cháo, zé xuē qí dì. [Pinyin]

     If a prince once omitted his attendance at court, he was punished by degradation of rank; if he did so a second time, he was deprived of a portion of his territory.

3. to vilify; to censure; to criticize

   被貶得一文不值／被贬得一文不值  ―  bèi biǎn dé yīwénbùzhí  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

4. (grammar) negative polarity

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “to vilify”): 褒 (bāo)

Compounds

• 一字褒貶／一字褒贬 (yīzì-bāobiǎn)
• 自貶／自贬 (zìbiǎn)
• 落褒貶／落褒贬
• 褒善貶惡／褒善贬恶
• 褒貶／褒贬 (bāobiǎn)
• 褒貶與奪／褒贬与夺
• 謫貶／谪贬
• 貶低／贬低 (biǎndī)
• 貶值／贬值 (biǎnzhí)
• 貶價／贬价 (biǎnjià)
• 貶抑／贬抑 (biǎnyì)
• 貶損／贬损 (biǎnsǔn)
• 貶斥／贬斥 (biǎnchì)
• 貶書／贬书
• 貶罰／贬罚
• 貶義／贬义 (biǎnyì)
• 貶義詞／贬义词 (biǎnyìcí)
• 貶詞／贬词 (biǎncí)
• 貶謫／贬谪 (biǎnzhé)
• 貶責／贬责 (biǎnzé)
• 貶駁／贬驳
• 貶黜／贬黜 (biǎnchù)
• 頻頻貶降／频频贬降

 

Japanese

Kanji

貶

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: へん (hen)
• Kan-on: へん (hen)
• Kun: けなす (kenasu, 貶す)、おとしむ (otoshimu, 貶む)、おとしめる (otoshimeru, 貶める)、さげすむ (sagesumu, 貶む)

Compounds

• 貶竄
• 貶斥
• 貶損
• 貶退
• 貶謫
• 貶逐
• 貶黜
• 貶流

Korean

Hanja

貶 • (pyeom) (hangeul 폄, revised pyeom, McCune–Reischauer p'yŏm, Yale phyem)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

貶: Hán Nôm readings: biếm, bâm, mém

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.