窯

See also: 窑, and 窰

窯 U+7AAF, 窯 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AAF ← 窮 [U+7AAE] CJK Unified Ideographs 窰 → [U+7AB0]

Translingual

Han character

窯 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 十金廿土火 (JCTGF), four-corner 3033₁, composition ⿱穴羔)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 867, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25594
• Dae Jaweon: page 1296, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2739, character 4
• Unihan data for U+7AAF

Chinese

trad.		窯/窑/窰
simp.		窑

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (羔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
羔	*kluː
糕	*kluː
餻	*kluː
窯	*luː
溔	*luːʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yáo (yao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu⁴
• Gan (Wiktionary): ieu⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): ièu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): yau²

• Jin (Wiktionary): iau¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): ièu
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ieo²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): iâu / iô

  (Teochew, Peng'im): iê⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yáo
    • Wade–Giles: yao²
    • Yale: yáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yau
    • Palladius: яо (jao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jiu⁴
    • Yale: yìuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jiu⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yiu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯²¹/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ieu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iɛu³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ièu
    • Hakka Romanization System: ieu^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ieu²
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯eu̯¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: yau²
    • Sinological IPA: /iau¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: iau¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /iau¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ièu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ieu⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ieo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ieu¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâu
    • Tâi-lô: iâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iaau
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /iau²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iau¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iô
    • Tâi-lô: iô
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iooi
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /io¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤ²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /io²⁴/

Note:

• iâu - literary;
• iô - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: iê⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iê
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ie⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: yew

Rime
Character	窯
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	餘昭切
Baxter	yew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/jæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiaw/
Li Rong	/iɛu/
Wang Li	/jĭɛu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yáo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jiu4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*luː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	窯
Reading #	1/1
No.	3724
Phonetic component	羔
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	遙
Old Chinese	/*luː/

Definitions

窯

1. brick kiln; furnace
2. -ware (specifically, pottery manufactured in a particular place)

   景德鎮窯／景德镇窑  ―  Jǐngdézhèn yáo  ―  Jingdezhen ware

3. coal pit
4. cave dwelling (common in the Loess Plateau, Northern China); yaodong
5. (colloquial) brothel; whorehouse
6. a surname: Yao

Synonyms

• (cave dwelling): 窯洞／窑洞 (yáodòng)
• (brothel):

edit

• 個中／个中 (gèzhōng) (secret language, obsolete)
• 勾欄／勾栏 (gōulán) (archaic)
• 半開門／半开门 (⁵poe-khe-men) (Wu, dated)
• 嚮導社／向导社 (⁵shian-dau-zo) (Wu, dated)
• 妓樓／妓楼 (jìlóu) (literary)
• 妓院 (jìyuàn)
• 妓館／妓馆 (jìguǎn) (literary)
• 娼寮 (chāngliáo) (dated)
• 娼樓／娼楼 (chānglóu) (literary)
• 娼門／娼门 (chāngmén)
• 書寓／书寓 (¹sy-gniu) (Wu, dated)
• 煙花間／烟花间 (¹i-ho-ke) (Wu, dated)
• 窯子／窑子 (yáozi) (colloquial)
• 花柳 (huāliǔ) (literary, figurative)
• 青樓／青楼 (qīnglóu) (literary)

 

Compounds

• 內窯／内窑
• 吉州窯／吉州窑
• 哥窯／哥窑
• 唐窯／唐窑
• 土窯／土窑
• 土窯子／土窑子
• 地窯／地窑
• 均州窯／均州窑
• 定窯／定窑
• 官窯／官窑
• 宣德窯／宣德窑
• 宣窯／宣窑
• 寒窯／寒窑
• 年窯／年窑
• 廣窯／广窑
• 建窯／建窑
• 弟窯／弟窑
• 彭窯／彭窑
• 御窯／御窑
• 成化窯／成化窑
• 成窯／成窑
• 新定窯／新定窑
• 易窯／易窑 (Yìyáo)
• 柴窯／柴窑
• 民窯／民窑
• 永樂窯／永乐窑
• 汝窯／汝窑 (Rǔyáo)
• 炭窯／炭窑 (tànyáo)
• 煤窯／煤窑
• 燒窯／烧窑
• 瓦窯／瓦窑 (wǎyáo)
• 瓷窯／瓷窑
• 瓶窯／瓶窑
• 石灰窯／石灰窑 (Shíhuīyáo)
• 碗窯／碗窑
• 磁州窯／磁州窑
• 磚窯／砖窑 (zhuānyáo)
• 窯人／窑人
• 窯務／窑务
• 窯口／窑口
• 窯台
• 窯器／窑器
• 窯坑／窑坑
• 窯姐／窑姐 (yáojiě)
• 窯姐兒／窑姐儿 (yáojiěr)
• 窯子／窑子 (yáozi)
• 窯工／窑工
• 窯戶／窑户
• 窯桶子／窑桶子
• 窯業／窑业 (yáoyè)
• 窯洞／窑洞 (yáodòng)
• 窯淮／窑淮 (Yáohuái)
• 窯灣／窑湾 (Yáowān)
• 窯灶／窑灶
• 窯煙／窑烟
• 窯神／窑神
• 窯箄／窑箄
• 窯花子／窑花子
• 窯調／窑调
• 窯課／窑课
• 窯變／窑变
• 窯頭土坯／窑头土坯
• 窯黑兒／窑黑儿
• 紅山窯／红山窑 (Hóngshānyáo)
• 耀州窯／耀州窑
• 臧窯／臧窑
• 蜀窯／蜀窑
• 蝦蟆窯／虾蟆窑
• 西窯／西窑
• 象窯／象窑
• 越窯／越窑
• 輪窯／轮窑
• 逛窯子／逛窑子
• 邢窯／邢窑
• 郊壇下窯／郊坛下窑
• 郎窯／郎窑
• 鈞州窯／钧州窑
• 鈞窯／钧窑
• 隆慶窯／隆庆窑
• 隆窯／隆窑
• 電窯／电窑
• 章窯／章窑
• 龍泉窯／龙泉窑
• 龍窯／龙窑 (lóngyáo)
• 龍虎窯／龙虎窑

 

Japanese

Kanji

窯

(Jōyō kanji)

1. kiln

Readings

• Go-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←えう (eu, historical)}
• Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←えう (eu, historical)}
• Kun: かま (kama, 窯, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 穴窯(あながま) (anagama): anagama kiln
• 石窯(いしがま) (ishigama): masonry oven
• 窯焼(かまや)き (kamayaki): firing in a kiln
• 窯業(ようぎょう) (yōgyō): ceramics industry

Etymology

Kanji in this term
窯
かま Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 窯 – see the following entry.

【かま】 [noun] 窯: a kiln, an oven

(This term, 窯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

窯 • (yo) (hangeul 요, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo) meaning: kiwa kubnun kama

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.