灰

灰	U+7070, 灰 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7070

灰	U+2F835, 灰 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F835

← 𠨬
[U+2F834]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

及 →
[U+2F836]

Translingual

Stroke order

Traditional	灰
Simplified	灰
Japanese	灰
Korean	灰

Han character

灰 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 大火 (KF), four-corner 4080₉ or 7128₉, composition ⿸𠂇火(GHTK) or ⿸厂火(JV or U+2F835))

Derived characters

𠗇, 咴, 𪿙, 㞀, 恢, 拻, 洃, 烣, 脄, 𤉕, 㷇, 𤊣, 詼(诙), 𦤠, 𤉓, 盔, 炭

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 665, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18859
Dae Jaweon: page 1075, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2188, character 4
Unihan data for U+7070

Unihan data for U+2F835

Chinese

trad.		灰
simp. ^#		灰

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 灰
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (灰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
脄	mɯːs, mɯː
盔	*km̥ʰɯː
詼	*km̥ʰlɯː
恢	*km̥ʰɯː
灰	*hmɯː

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 又 (“hand”) + 火 (“fire”) – fire that can be touched with the hand (ash). 又 has been modified to 𠂇; compare 友 (“friend”), 右 (“right”).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pʷut ~ hwut (“ashes, dust”) (STEDT; Schuessler (2007) reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *wu). Compare Mizo vutᴸ, Apatani mù-bu, Manipuri ut, Northern Tujia bu³ ci².

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): huī (hui¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hui¹

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хуэй (huey, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fui¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): foi¹
Gan (Wiktionary): fi¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fôi

(Hailu, HRS): foi^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): foi¹
Jin (Wiktionary): hui¹
Northern Min (KCR): hó
Eastern Min (BUC): huŏi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hoe / he / her

(Teochew, Peng'im): huê¹ / hui¹

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): hue¹ / hui¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹hue
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huī
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huei
  - Wade–Giles: hui¹
  - Yale: hwēi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huei
  - Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: hui¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuei⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хуэй (huey, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuɛi²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fui¹
  - Yale: fūi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fui¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fui¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuːi̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: foi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fᵘɔi³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɨi⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fôi
  - Hakka Romanization System: foi^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: foi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /foi̯²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: foi^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /foi⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: foi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /foɪ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: hui¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuei¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hó
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xo⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huŏi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hui⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoe
  - Tâi-lô: hue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoef
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /hue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hue³³/
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /huɛ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Jinjiang, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: he
  - Tâi-lô: he
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hef
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /he⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Jinjiang): /he³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: her
  - Tâi-lô: her
  - IPA (Kinmen): /hə⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /hə³³/

Note:

Xiamen, Quanzhou:
- he/her - vernacular;
- hoe - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: huê¹ / hui¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hue / hui
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /hue³³/, /hui³³/

Note: hui1 - alternative pronunciation when meaning "grey" (灰色).

- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: hue¹ / hui¹
  - Sinological IPA: /huɛ³⁵/, /hui³⁵/

Note:

hue1 - vernacular;
hui1 - literary.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹hue
  - MiniDict: hue^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹hue
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /hue⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸe̞i̯³³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 灰
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuei⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/xuei⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/xuei²¹/
	Jinan	/xuei²¹³/
	Qingdao	/xue²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/xuei²⁴/
	Xi'an	/xuei²¹/
	Xining	/xuɨ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/xuei⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/xuei³¹/
	Ürümqi	/xuei⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/xuei⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/xuei⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/xuei⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/xuei⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/xuəi³¹/
	Hefei	/xue²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuei¹¹/
	Pingyao	/xuæ¹³/
	Hohhot	/xuei³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/hue⁵³/
	Suzhou	/hue̞⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/hui³³/
	Wenzhou	/fai³³/
Hui	Shexian	/xuɛ³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/xuə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/fei³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɸəi³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/fɨi⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/foi⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/foi²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/fui⁵³/
	Nanning	/fui⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/fui⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hue⁵⁵/ /he⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/huoi⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xo⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hue³³/ /hui³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hui²³/ /hu²³/ /hue²³/

Middle Chinese: xwoj

Rime
Character	灰
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	呼恢切
Baxter	xwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/huʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/huoi/
Shao Rongfen	/xuɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hwəj/
Li Rong	/xuᴀi/
Wang Li	/xuɒi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xuɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fui¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥ˤə/

(Zhengzhang): /*hmɯː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	灰
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huī
Middle Chinese	‹ xwoj ›
Old Chinese	/*m̥ˁə/
English	ashes
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	灰
Reading #	1/1
No.	5414
Phonetic component	灰
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	灰
Old Chinese	/*hmɯː/

Definitions

灰

ash
香灰 ― xiānghuī ― incense ash

煙灰／烟灰 ― yānhuī ― cigarette ash
dust
電腦屏幕上有一層灰。 [MSC, trad.]
电脑屏幕上有一层灰。 [MSC, simp.]
Diànnǎo píngmù shàng yǒu yī céng huī. [Pinyin]
There's a layer of dust on the computer screen.

他吹乾淨這本書上的灰。 [MSC, trad.]
他吹干净这本书上的灰。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā chuī gānjìng zhè běn shū shàng de huī. [Pinyin]
He blew the dust off the book.
lime; mortar
灰泥 ― huīní ― plaster; mortar

石灰 ― shíhuī ― lime

灰岩 ― huīyán ― limestone
gray
灰色 ― huīsè ― gray (color)
disheartened
心灰意冷 ― xīnhuīyìlěng ― to be disheartened

佢成個人灰咗。 [Cantonese, trad.]
佢成个人灰咗。 [Cantonese, simp.]
keoi⁵ seng⁴ go³ jan⁴ fui¹ zo². [Jyutping]
(please add an English translation of this usage example)
(～日) (telegraphy) the tenth day of a month
(Cantonese, slang) powdered drug; heroin

Synonyms

(dust):

Dialectal synonyms of 灰塵 (“dust”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		塵, 埃, 塵埃, 坌, 塕, 坱
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		灰塵, 灰土, 塵土, 塵埃
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	塵土, 土, 灰
	Taiwan	灰塵, 塵埃, 塵土
	Chengde	𡋯土
	Chifeng	灰, 土
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	灰土, 灰, 塵土
	Heihe	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Qiqihar	灰塵, 灰土
	Harbin	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Jiamusi	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Baicheng	灰塵, 灰, 灰土, 塵搭灰
	Changchun	灰塵, 灰, 塵土
	Tonghua	灰, 土
	Shenyang	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Jinzhou	灰塵, 塵土, 𡋯土
	Singapore	灰塵, 塵土
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	塵土
	Tangshan	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 塵
	Cangzhou	灰, 塵土, 土
	Baoding	堂土
	Shijiazhuang	塵土
	Lijin	灰, 𡋯土
	Jinan	𡋯土, 土, 灰
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	灰, 塵
	Dandong	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Yantai	灰, 𡋯土
	Yantai (Muping)	灰
	Qingdao	灰, 𡋯土, 土
	Zhucheng	灰
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	灰塵, 塵土
	Lingbao	灰
	Jining	𡋯土
	Wanrong	土
	Linfen	塵土
	Shangqiu	灰塵, 灰, 塵土
	Yuanyang	灰塵, 灰, 塵土
	Zhengzhou	灰塵, 灰
	Xinyang	灰
	Baihe	灰, 塵土
	Xi'an	塵土, 土, 灰, 灰塵, 灰纖
	Baoji	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Tianshui	灰, 𡋯土
	Xining	塵土, 灰塵
	Xuzhou	灰, 𡋯土, 土
	Fuyang	灰塵, 灰
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	灰塵, 塵灰, 灰
	Lanzhou	灰, 灰土, 塵土, 土
	Dunhuang	灰塵, 塵土
	Hami	灰塵
	Ürümqi	灰, 灰灰
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	灰塵, 灰, 灰灰
	Nanchong	灰塵, 灰, 灰灰
	Dazhou	灰塵
	Hanyuan	灰塵, 灰
	Xichang	灰塵, 灰, 灰灰
	Zigong	灰, 揚塵
	Chongqing	灰
	Wuhan	灰, 灰塵
	Yichang	灰塵, 灰
	Xiangyang	灰
	Tianmen	灰塵, 灰, 土
	Guiyang	灰灰, 灰, 灰塵
	Zunyi	灰
	Bijie	灰塵, 灰灰
	Liping	灰
	Zhaotong	塵灰
	Dali	灰
	Kunming	塵灰, 灰, 土, 灰灰
	Mengzi	灰
	Guilin	灰塵
	Guilin (Lingui)	灰塵
	Liuzhou	灰塵, 灰, 塳塵
	Liuzhou (Luorong)	灰塵
	Nanning (Wuming)	灰塵, 煙塵
	Jishou	灰塵
	Changde	灰塵
	Hanzhong	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Dagudi (Maliba)	灰
	Reshuitang (Longling)	灰
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	灰
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	灰
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	灰塵, 灰, 堂灰
	Yangzhou	灰塵, 灰
	Lianyungang	堂灰, 灰
	Lianshui	堂灰, 灰
	Nantong	沙灰
	Anqing	堂灰, 屯灰, 灰
	Wuhu	灰
	Hefei	灰
	Hong'an	灰塵, 灰
Cantonese	Guangzhou	塵, 灰塵, 煙塵, 泥塵, 沙塵, 塳塵
	Hong Kong	塵, 灰塵, 灰, 塵埃, 沙塵
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	灰塵, 泥塵
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	灰塵, 煙塵
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	泥塵
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	泥塵
	Macau	灰塵
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	煙塵
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	灰塵
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	塵
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	灰塵
	Foshan	灰塵
	Foshan (Shunde)	灰塵
	Foshan (Sanshui)	灰塵
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	灰塵
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	灰塵
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	灰塵
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	灰塵
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	灰塵
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	灰塵
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	灰塵
	Taishan	灰塵, 沙塵
	Kaiping (Chikan)	灰塵
	Enping (Niujiang)	灰塵
	Heshan (Yayao)	灰塵
	Dongguan	灰塵
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	灰塵
	Qingyuan	灰塵
	Fogang	灰塵
	Yingde (Hanguang)	灰塵
	Yangshan	灰塵
	Lianshan (Butian)	灰塵
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	灰塵
	Shaoguan	灰塵
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	塵灰, 灰塵
	Renhua	塵灰
	Lechang	塵灰
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	灰塵
	Sihui	灰塵
	Guangning	灰塵
	Deqing	灰塵
	Huaiji	灰塵
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	泥塵
	Yunfu	塳塵
	Xinxing	灰塵, 塵埃
	Luoding	灰塵
	Yunan (Pingtai)	灰塵
	Yangjiang	煙塵
	Xinyi	灰塵
	Lianjiang	灰塵, 煙塵
	Nanning	灰塵, 煙塵
	Wuzhou	灰塵, 煙塵
	Yulin	煙塵
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	灰塵, 煙塵
	Hepu (Shatian)	煙塵, 塵土, 灰塵
	Guiping	灰塵, 蚊塵
	Guiping (Mule)	蚊塵
	Pingnan	蚊塵
	Mengshan (Xihe)	塳塵
	Guigang (Gangcheng)	灰塵
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	灰塵
	Guigang (Pingdong)	灰塵
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	灰塵
	Baise	灰塵
Bobai	灰塵
Lingshan	灰塵
Pubei	煙塵
Qinzhou	灰塵
Beihai	灰塵
Beihai (Nankang)	泥塵
Beihai (Yingpan)	煙塵
Ningming	灰塵
Hengzhou	蚊塵
Danzhou	煙塵
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	塵灰, 灰塵
Bangkok (Guangfu)	灰塵
Gan	Nanchang	灰
	Lichuan	灰
	Pingxiang	灰, 灰塵
Hakka	Meixian	塵灰, 泥塵
	Xingning	塵灰
	Dabu (Xihe)	灰塵
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	塵灰, 煙塵, 泥塵, 沙塵
	Huidong (Daling)	塵灰
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	泥塵
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	灰塵
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	灰塵, 泥塵
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	灰塵
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	灰塵
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	塵, 塵灰, 灰塵
	Wuhua (Changbu)	泥塵
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	塵灰
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	塵灰
	Wengyuan	塵灰
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	塵灰
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	塳
	Liannan	塵灰
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	塵灰
	Jiexi	塵灰
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	揚塵
	Changting	塵灰, 灰塵
	Longyan (Yongding)	塵灰
	Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding)	塵灰
	Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding)	灰塵
	Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding)	灰塵
	Wuping	塵灰
	Wuping (Yanqian)	塵灰
	Wuping (Pingyu)	塵灰
	Liancheng	塵灰
	Liancheng (Peitian)	塵灰
	Liancheng (Juxi)	塵灰
	Liancheng (Zhongbao)	塵灰
	Liancheng (Laiyuan)	灰塵
	Ninghua	塵灰, 灰塵
	Qingliu	塵灰
	Yudu	灰
	Ningdu	塵灰
	Ruijin	塵灰
	Shicheng	塵灰
	Shangyou (Shexi)	塵灰
	Tonggu (Sandu)	塵灰
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	灰塵
	Dayu	灰塵
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	塵灰
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	塵灰
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	塵灰
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	塵灰, 塕塵
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	塵灰
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	泥粉
	Hong Kong	泥塵
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	煙塵
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	灰塵
	Xinyi (Sihe)	塳塵
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	塳塵
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	煙塵
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	泥塵, 灰塵
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	煙塵
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	灰塵
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	塵煙
	Mengshan (Xihe)	塳塵
	Luchuan	泥煙
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	塵煙
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	灰塵
Mashan (Pianlian)	灰塵
Sabah (Longchuan)	塵灰, 泥塵
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	灰塵
Senai (Huiyang)	灰塵
Singkawang	塵灰
Bangkok (Meixian)	塵灰
Bangkok (Fengshun)	塵灰
Bangkok (Jiexi)	塵灰, 泥粉
Huizhou	Jixi	灰
Huizhou	Shexian	灰塵, 灰
Jin	Taiyuan	塵土, 土
	Yangyuan	灰, 塵土
	Datong	灰塵, 塵土
	Xinzhou	塵土, 灰塵
	Lüliang (Lishi)	灰塵, 塵土
	Changzhi	塵灰, 灰
	Linhe	灰塵, 灰, 土
	Jining	灰塵
	Hohhot	灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
	Erenhot	灰塵
	Pingshan	塵土, 土
	Zhangjiakou	灰土, 灰
	Handan	灰塵
	Linzhou	灰塵, 灰
	Suide	灰塵, 灰, 土
Northern Min	Jian'ou	灰塵, 塵灰
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	塵
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	塵, 煙腸苦
	Pucheng (Shibei)	灰塵
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	塕塵, 塗粉
	Fuzhou (Changle)	塕塵
	Fuqing	塕塵
	Yongtai	塗粉
	Gutian	塕塵
	Fu'an	煙霧
	Ningde	塕塵
	Shouning	塗粉
	Zhouning	塕塵
	Fuding	塕埃
	Matsu	塕塵
Southern Min	Xiamen	塗粉, 塕埃, 風飛沙
	Quanzhou	塗粉
	Jinjiang	塗粉
	Yongchun	塗粉
	Zhangzhou	塗粉
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	塗粉
	Pinghe	塗粉
	Zhangpu	塗粉
	Zhao'an	塗粉
	Taipei (Wanhua)	塗沙粉
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	塗沙粉仔
	Kaohsiung	塗沙粉
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	塗沙粉仔
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	塗粉仔
	Yilan	風飛沙
	Yilan (Toucheng)	塗粉
	Changhua (Lukang)	沙粉
	Taichung	塗沙
	Taichung (Wuqi)	風飛沙
	Tainan	塗粉, 塗沙粉, 塕埃, 風飛沙
	Tainan (Anping)	塗粉
	Taitung	風飛沙
	Hsinchu	風飛沙
	Penghu (Magong)	塗沙粉
	Penghu (Xiyu)	塗沙粉
	Penang (Hokkien)	塗粉
	Singapore (Hokkien)	塗粉
	Zhangping	塕埃
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	灰, 塗粉, 塕埃
	Datian	塗粉, 塕塵
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	灰
	Chaozhou	塗粉, 塕塵
	Shantou	塵, 塕塵, 灰塵
	Jieyang	塗粉, 塕塵
	Bangkok (Teochew)	塕塵
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	塕塵
	Leizhou	塕塵, 塗沙粉
	Wenchang	塗灰
	Haikou	塗灰
Puxian Min	Putian	塗粉, 塕塵
Puxian Min	Xianyou	煙塵
Central Min	Yong'an	塕塵
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	塕塵
	Sanming (Shaxian)	塕塵
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	煙塵
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	塕塵, 煙塵, 灰塵
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	坌塵, 煙塵, 灰塵
Southern Pinghua	Binyang (Xinqiao)	蚊塵
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	灰塵
	Guilin (Chaoyang)	灰塵
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	灰塵
	Lingchuan (Tanxia)	灰塵
Shehua	Fu'an	煙霧
	Fuding	泥粉
	Luoyuan	煙塵
	Sanming	擸𢶍
	Shunchang	擸𢶍粉
	Guixi (Zhangping)	灰塵
	Cangnan	泥粉
	Jingning (Hexi)	火煤塵
	Lishui	火灰粉
	Longyou	灰粉
	Chaozhou	煙塵
	Fengshun	塕塵
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	灰
Wu	Shanghai	灰塵, 塳塵
	Shanghai (Chongming)	灰塵, 塳塵
	Suzhou	灰塵, 塳塵
	Danyang	灰塵, 灰
	Hangzhou	灰塵, 塳塵
	Ningbo	塳塵, 塳灰, 灰塵
	Wenzhou	坌塵, 坌塕, 塳塵
	Jinhua	塕, 塳塵
Xiang	Changsha	灰
	Loudi	灰, 灰塵
	Shuangfeng	灰
	Quanzhou	灰塵

(disheartened):

edit

低沉 (dīchén)
低落 (dīluò)
冷館／冷馆 (Xiamen Hokkien)
喪氣／丧气
壓抑／压抑 (yāyì)
失望 (shīwàng)
失落 (shīluò)
寡歡／寡欢 (guǎhuān)
幽鬱／幽郁 (yōuyù) (archaic)
悒鬱／悒郁 (yìyù) (literary)
悒鬱寡歡／悒郁寡欢 (yìyùguǎhuān)
愁悶／愁闷 (chóumèn)
憂悶／忧闷 (yōumèn)
慘沮／惨沮 (cǎnjǔ) (literary)
憂鬱／忧郁 (yōuyù)
憋悶／憋闷
懊喪／懊丧 (àosàng)
抑鬱／抑郁 (yìyù)
沉悶／沉闷 (chénmèn)
沉抑 (chényì)
沉鬱／沉郁 (chényù) (literary)
沮喪／沮丧 (jǔsàng)
消極／消极 (xiāojí)
消沉 (xiāochén)
灰心 (huīxīn)
灰心喪氣／灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì)
煩悶／烦闷 (fánmèn)
神傷／神伤 (shénshāng) (literary)
索寞 (suǒmò) (literary or Eastern Min)
苦悶／苦闷 (kǔmèn)
萎靡
陰暗／阴暗 (yīn'àn)
陰沉／阴沉 (yīnchén)
頹唐／颓唐 (tuítáng)
頹喪／颓丧 (tuísàng)
頹廢／颓废 (tuífèi)
鬱悶／郁闷 (yùmèn)
鬱鬱／郁郁 (yùyù) (literary)
鬱鬱不樂／郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè)
鬱鬱寡歡／郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
鬱鬱寡歡／郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
齪嘈／龊嘈 (Hokkien)

(heroin):

Dialectal synonyms of 海洛因 (“heroin”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		海洛因, 海洛英
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	白麵兒, 老海 dated
	Taiwan	海洛因, 白粉
	Singapore	白粉
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	白麵兒, 老海
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	白麵兒
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	白麵兒
Southwestern Mandarin	Dagudi (Maliba)	白粉
	Reshuitang (Longling)	白粉, 粉藥
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	白粉, 粉藥
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	白粉
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	白麵子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	白粉
	Hong Kong	海洛英, 白粉, 粉, 灰, 四仔
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	白粉
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	白粉
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	白粉
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	海洛英
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	白粉
	Móng Cái	白粉
Hakka	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	白粉
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	海洛因
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	海洛因
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	海洛因
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	海洛因
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	海洛因
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	海洛因
	Senai (Huiyang)	白粉
Jin	Taiyuan	料子
Jin	Xinzhou	料子
Southern Min	Xiamen	海洛因
	Singapore (Hokkien)	白粉
	Chaozhou	白粉
	Shantou	白粉
	Jieyang	白粉
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	白粉
	Pontianak (Teochew)	下洛因
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	白粉
Wu	Danyang	白粉, 白麵
Wu	Wenzhou	白粉

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 灰 – see 烌 (“(Southern Min) dust; ash”). (This character is a variant form of 烌).

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): fiu¹ / fui¹

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fiu¹ / fui¹
  - Yale: fīu / fūi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fiu¹ / fui¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fiu¹ / fui¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fiːu̯⁵⁵/, /fuːi̯⁵⁵/

Definitions

灰

Used in 灰士.

References

“灰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	灰
Kyūjitai ^[1]	灰󠄁 灰+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
Kyūjitai ^[1]	灰󠄃 灰+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

灰

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

ashes
puckery juice
cremate

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)^{←け (ke, historical)}^{←くゑ (kwe, ancient)}
Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)^{←くわい (kwai, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: くい (kui)
Kun: はい (hai, 灰, Jōyō)^{←はひ (fafi, 灰, historical)}

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
灰
はい Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) はい [hàí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ha̠i]

Noun

灰(はい) • (hai) ^{←はひ (fafi)^?}

ash
塵(ちり)は塵(ちり)に、灰(はい)は灰(はい)に
chiri wa chiri ni, hai wa hai ni
dust to dust, ashes to ashes

Derived terms

死(し)の灰(はい) (shinohai)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
灰
かい Grade: 6
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 灰 (MC xwoj).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ka̠i]

Affix

灰(かい) • (kai) ^{←くわい (kwai)^?}

ash; ashes

References

^ “灰”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

灰 (eumhun 재 회 (jae hoe))

hanja form^? of 회 (“ashes; dust; lime; mortar”)