室

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室 U+5BA4, 室
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BA4
← 宣
[U+5BA3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 宥 →
[U+5BA5]

Translingual

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Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character

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室 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 十一戈土 (JMIG), four-corner 30104, composition ⿱宀至)

Derived characters

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See also

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 285, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7136
  • Dae Jaweon: page 563, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 925, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5BA4

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 室

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 室
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (至) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
致 *tiɡs
輊 *tiɡs
駤 *tiɡs
跮 *tʰiɡs, *tʰiɡ
荎 *di, *diːɡ
緻 *diɡs
至 *tjiɡs
鵄 *tʰji
胵 *tʰji
痓 *tʰjiɡs
咥 *hriɡs, *tiːɡ, *diːɡ, *tʰiɡ
窒 *tiːɡ, *tiɡ
蛭 *tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ
垤 *diːɡ
耋 *diːɡ
姪 *diːɡ, *diɡ
絰 *diːɡ
恎 *diːɡ
挃 *tiɡ
庢 *tiɡ
銍 *tiɡ, *tjiɡ
秷 *tiɡ
螲 *tiɡ
侄 *diɡ, *tjiɡ
桎 *tjiɡ
郅 *tjiɡ
晊 *tjiɡ
室 *hliɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hliɡ) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 至 (OC *tjiɡs). Its original meaning is "house, residence". The arrows also indicates that a residence is a place or spot in which somebody stops, like an arrow stuck on the ground, hence the phonetic component also adds part of the meaning. Hence, in accordance to this interpretation, the character can be understood as "a ⼧ roof over ⾄ this exact spot".

The character's modern meaning is "to arrive". Hence, according to 說文 Shuowen, it is analyzed as a 會意 semantic assembly, as he says "至所止 arrive at a specific place" symbolized by the roof.

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-li(s). Cognate to Tibetan གཞིས (gzhis) < གལྱི (glyi, “ground, foundation, cause; residence, abode”), ས་གཞི (sa gzhi, “earth (opposite to sky)”), གཞིས (gzhis, “native place”), ཡུལ་གཞིས (yul gzhis, “house, estate, property”), གཞིས་སྒྲིལ་བ (gzhis sgril ba, “to move, to change one's abode”). Also cognate to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *mliy, from which Burmese မြေ (mre, “earth, soil”) is derived.[1]

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sek/siak - vernacular;
  • sit - literary.
Rime
Character 室
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 質 (48)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 式質切
Baxter syit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɕiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɕit̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɕjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɕit̚/
Li
Rong 		/ɕiĕt̚/
Wang
Li 		/ɕĭĕt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɕi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sat1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 室
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ syit ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s.ti[t]/
English chamber; house

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 室
Reading # 1/1
No. 17374
Phonetic
component 		至
Rime
group 		質
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		失
Old
Chinese 		/*hliɡ/

Definitions

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室

  1. room (in a building or house); chamber
    兩室一廳／两室一厅  ―  liǎng shì yī tīng  ―  two rooms and one living room
    1. (specifically in addresses) apartment number; flat number
  2. (literary, or in compounds) family; household; clan
  3. (literary, or in compounds) family member; dependent
    1. (specifically, literary, or in compounds) wife
  4. (literary, or in compounds) organ (part of an organism) shaped like a chamber; body cavity; ventricle
  5. (literary, or in compounds) work unit; administrative unit
  6. (literary, or in compounds) court; dynasty
  7. (literary, or in compounds) home; house
  8. (literary, or in compounds) office
  9. (literary, or in compounds) coffin pit; grave
  10. (literary, or in compounds) scabbard; sheath
  11. (astronomy) Encampment (a Chinese constellation near Pegasus)

Synonyms

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  • (room):
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  • (family):
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  • (family member):
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  • (coffin pit):
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  • (scabbard): 鞘 (qiào)

Compounds

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References

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  1. ^ Schuessler, Axel (2007) ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese‎[1], Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, page 466

Further reading

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Japanese

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Kanji

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室

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. room

Readings

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Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
室
むろ
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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室(むろ) • (muro) 

  1. cellar; storage chamber
  2. An ancient type of pithouse
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
室
しつ
Grade: 2
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 室 (MC syit).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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室(しつ) • (shitsu) 

  1. room

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 室 (MC syit).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

室 (eumhun 집 실 (jip sil))

  1. hanja form? of 실 (“room”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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室: Hán Nôm readings: thất

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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