عطر
Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Root |
---|
ع ط ر (ʕ ṭ r) |
3 terms |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]عِطْر • (ʕiṭr) m (plural عُطُور (ʕuṭūr) or عُطُورَات (ʕuṭūrāt))
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | عِطْر ʕiṭr |
الْعِطْر al-ʕiṭr |
عِطْر ʕiṭr |
Nominative | عِطْرٌ ʕiṭrun |
الْعِطْرُ al-ʕiṭru |
عِطْرُ ʕiṭru |
Accusative | عِطْرًا ʕiṭran |
الْعِطْرَ al-ʕiṭra |
عِطْرَ ʕiṭra |
Genitive | عِطْرٍ ʕiṭrin |
الْعِطْرِ al-ʕiṭri |
عِطْرِ ʕiṭri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | عِطْرَيْن ʕiṭrayn |
الْعِطْرَيْن al-ʕiṭrayn |
عِطْرَيْ ʕiṭray |
Nominative | عِطْرَانِ ʕiṭrāni |
الْعِطْرَانِ al-ʕiṭrāni |
عِطْرَا ʕiṭrā |
Accusative | عِطْرَيْنِ ʕiṭrayni |
الْعِطْرَيْنِ al-ʕiṭrayni |
عِطْرَيْ ʕiṭray |
Genitive | عِطْرَيْنِ ʕiṭrayni |
الْعِطْرَيْنِ al-ʕiṭrayni |
عِطْرَيْ ʕiṭray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote; sound feminine plural | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | عُطُور; عُطُورَات ʕuṭūr; ʕuṭūrāt |
الْعُطُور; الْعُطُورَات al-ʕuṭūr; al-ʕuṭūrāt |
عُطُور; عُطُورَات ʕuṭūr; ʕuṭūrāt |
Nominative | عُطُورٌ; عُطُورَاتٌ ʕuṭūrun; ʕuṭūrātun |
الْعُطُورُ; الْعُطُورَاتُ al-ʕuṭūru; al-ʕuṭūrātu |
عُطُورُ; عُطُورَاتُ ʕuṭūru; ʕuṭūrātu |
Accusative | عُطُورًا; عُطُورَاتٍ ʕuṭūran; ʕuṭūrātin |
الْعُطُورَ; الْعُطُورَاتِ al-ʕuṭūra; al-ʕuṭūrāti |
عُطُورَ; عُطُورَاتِ ʕuṭūra; ʕuṭūrāti |
Genitive | عُطُورٍ; عُطُورَاتٍ ʕuṭūrin; ʕuṭūrātin |
الْعُطُورِ; الْعُطُورَاتِ al-ʕuṭūri; al-ʕuṭūrāti |
عُطُورِ; عُطُورَاتِ ʕuṭūri; ʕuṭūrāti |
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Denominal verb from عِطْر (ʕiṭr, “perfume”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]عَطَّرَ • (ʕaṭṭara) II (non-past يُعَطِّرُ (yuʕaṭṭiru), verbal noun تَعْطِير (taʕṭīr))
- to perfume
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَعْطِير taʕṭīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُعَطِّر muʕaṭṭir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُعَطَّر muʕaṭṭar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | عَطَّرْتُ ʕaṭṭartu |
عَطَّرْتَ ʕaṭṭarta |
عَطَّرَ ʕaṭṭara |
عَطَّرْتُمَا ʕaṭṭartumā |
عَطَّرَا ʕaṭṭarā |
عَطَّرْنَا ʕaṭṭarnā |
عَطَّرْتُمْ ʕaṭṭartum |
عَطَّرُوا ʕaṭṭarū | |||
f | عَطَّرْتِ ʕaṭṭarti |
عَطَّرَتْ ʕaṭṭarat |
عَطَّرَتَا ʕaṭṭaratā |
عَطَّرْتُنَّ ʕaṭṭartunna |
عَطَّرْنَ ʕaṭṭarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُعَطِّرُ ʔuʕaṭṭiru |
تُعَطِّرُ tuʕaṭṭiru |
يُعَطِّرُ yuʕaṭṭiru |
تُعَطِّرَانِ tuʕaṭṭirāni |
يُعَطِّرَانِ yuʕaṭṭirāni |
نُعَطِّرُ nuʕaṭṭiru |
تُعَطِّرُونَ tuʕaṭṭirūna |
يُعَطِّرُونَ yuʕaṭṭirūna | |||
f | تُعَطِّرِينَ tuʕaṭṭirīna |
تُعَطِّرُ tuʕaṭṭiru |
تُعَطِّرَانِ tuʕaṭṭirāni |
تُعَطِّرْنَ tuʕaṭṭirna |
يُعَطِّرْنَ yuʕaṭṭirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُعَطِّرَ ʔuʕaṭṭira |
تُعَطِّرَ tuʕaṭṭira |
يُعَطِّرَ yuʕaṭṭira |
تُعَطِّرَا tuʕaṭṭirā |
يُعَطِّرَا yuʕaṭṭirā |
نُعَطِّرَ nuʕaṭṭira |
تُعَطِّرُوا tuʕaṭṭirū |
يُعَطِّرُوا yuʕaṭṭirū | |||
f | تُعَطِّرِي tuʕaṭṭirī |
تُعَطِّرَ tuʕaṭṭira |
تُعَطِّرَا tuʕaṭṭirā |
تُعَطِّرْنَ tuʕaṭṭirna |
يُعَطِّرْنَ yuʕaṭṭirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُعَطِّرْ ʔuʕaṭṭir |
تُعَطِّرْ tuʕaṭṭir |
يُعَطِّرْ yuʕaṭṭir |
تُعَطِّرَا tuʕaṭṭirā |
يُعَطِّرَا yuʕaṭṭirā |
نُعَطِّرْ nuʕaṭṭir |
تُعَطِّرُوا tuʕaṭṭirū |
يُعَطِّرُوا yuʕaṭṭirū | |||
f | تُعَطِّرِي tuʕaṭṭirī |
تُعَطِّرْ tuʕaṭṭir |
تُعَطِّرَا tuʕaṭṭirā |
تُعَطِّرْنَ tuʕaṭṭirna |
يُعَطِّرْنَ yuʕaṭṭirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | عَطِّرْ ʕaṭṭir |
عَطِّرَا ʕaṭṭirā |
عَطِّرُوا ʕaṭṭirū |
||||||||
f | عَطِّرِي ʕaṭṭirī |
عَطِّرْنَ ʕaṭṭirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | عُطِّرْتُ ʕuṭṭirtu |
عُطِّرْتَ ʕuṭṭirta |
عُطِّرَ ʕuṭṭira |
عُطِّرْتُمَا ʕuṭṭirtumā |
عُطِّرَا ʕuṭṭirā |
عُطِّرْنَا ʕuṭṭirnā |
عُطِّرْتُمْ ʕuṭṭirtum |
عُطِّرُوا ʕuṭṭirū | |||
f | عُطِّرْتِ ʕuṭṭirti |
عُطِّرَتْ ʕuṭṭirat |
عُطِّرَتَا ʕuṭṭiratā |
عُطِّرْتُنَّ ʕuṭṭirtunna |
عُطِّرْنَ ʕuṭṭirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُعَطَّرُ ʔuʕaṭṭaru |
تُعَطَّرُ tuʕaṭṭaru |
يُعَطَّرُ yuʕaṭṭaru |
تُعَطَّرَانِ tuʕaṭṭarāni |
يُعَطَّرَانِ yuʕaṭṭarāni |
نُعَطَّرُ nuʕaṭṭaru |
تُعَطَّرُونَ tuʕaṭṭarūna |
يُعَطَّرُونَ yuʕaṭṭarūna | |||
f | تُعَطَّرِينَ tuʕaṭṭarīna |
تُعَطَّرُ tuʕaṭṭaru |
تُعَطَّرَانِ tuʕaṭṭarāni |
تُعَطَّرْنَ tuʕaṭṭarna |
يُعَطَّرْنَ yuʕaṭṭarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُعَطَّرَ ʔuʕaṭṭara |
تُعَطَّرَ tuʕaṭṭara |
يُعَطَّرَ yuʕaṭṭara |
تُعَطَّرَا tuʕaṭṭarā |
يُعَطَّرَا yuʕaṭṭarā |
نُعَطَّرَ nuʕaṭṭara |
تُعَطَّرُوا tuʕaṭṭarū |
يُعَطَّرُوا yuʕaṭṭarū | |||
f | تُعَطَّرِي tuʕaṭṭarī |
تُعَطَّرَ tuʕaṭṭara |
تُعَطَّرَا tuʕaṭṭarā |
تُعَطَّرْنَ tuʕaṭṭarna |
يُعَطَّرْنَ yuʕaṭṭarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُعَطَّرْ ʔuʕaṭṭar |
تُعَطَّرْ tuʕaṭṭar |
يُعَطَّرْ yuʕaṭṭar |
تُعَطَّرَا tuʕaṭṭarā |
يُعَطَّرَا yuʕaṭṭarā |
نُعَطَّرْ nuʕaṭṭar |
تُعَطَّرُوا tuʕaṭṭarū |
يُعَطَّرُوا yuʕaṭṭarū | |||
f | تُعَطَّرِي tuʕaṭṭarī |
تُعَطَّرْ tuʕaṭṭar |
تُعَطَّرَا tuʕaṭṭarā |
تُعَطَّرْنَ tuʕaṭṭarna |
يُعَطَّرْنَ yuʕaṭṭarna |
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]عَطِر • (ʕaṭir)
Declension
[edit]Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | عَطِر ʕaṭir |
الْعَطِر al-ʕaṭir |
عَطِرَة ʕaṭira |
الْعَطِرَة al-ʕaṭira |
Nominative | عَطِرٌ ʕaṭirun |
الْعَطِرُ al-ʕaṭiru |
عَطِرَةٌ ʕaṭiratun |
الْعَطِرَةُ al-ʕaṭiratu |
Accusative | عَطِرًا ʕaṭiran |
الْعَطِرَ al-ʕaṭira |
عَطِرَةً ʕaṭiratan |
الْعَطِرَةَ al-ʕaṭirata |
Genitive | عَطِرٍ ʕaṭirin |
الْعَطِرِ al-ʕaṭiri |
عَطِرَةٍ ʕaṭiratin |
الْعَطِرَةِ al-ʕaṭirati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | عَطِرَيْن ʕaṭirayn |
الْعَطِرَيْن al-ʕaṭirayn |
عَطِرَتَيْن ʕaṭiratayn |
الْعَطِرَتَيْن al-ʕaṭiratayn |
Nominative | عَطِرَانِ ʕaṭirāni |
الْعَطِرَانِ al-ʕaṭirāni |
عَطِرَتَانِ ʕaṭiratāni |
الْعَطِرَتَانِ al-ʕaṭiratāni |
Accusative | عَطِرَيْنِ ʕaṭirayni |
الْعَطِرَيْنِ al-ʕaṭirayni |
عَطِرَتَيْنِ ʕaṭiratayni |
الْعَطِرَتَيْنِ al-ʕaṭiratayni |
Genitive | عَطِرَيْنِ ʕaṭirayni |
الْعَطِرَيْنِ al-ʕaṭirayni |
عَطِرَتَيْنِ ʕaṭiratayni |
الْعَطِرَتَيْنِ al-ʕaṭiratayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
plural unknown | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | ? ? |
? ? |
عَطِرَات ʕaṭirāt |
الْعَطِرَات al-ʕaṭirāt |
Nominative | ? ? |
? ? |
عَطِرَاتٌ ʕaṭirātun |
الْعَطِرَاتُ al-ʕaṭirātu |
Accusative | ? ? |
? ? |
عَطِرَاتٍ ʕaṭirātin |
الْعَطِرَاتِ al-ʕaṭirāti |
Genitive | ? ? |
? ? |
عَطِرَاتٍ ʕaṭirātin |
الْعَطِرَاتِ al-ʕaṭirāti |
Related terms
[edit]- عِطْرِيّ (ʕiṭriyy, “aromatic”)
- عِطْرِيَّة (ʕiṭriyya, “perfume, aromatic”)
- عطار
- عطارَة
- عاطِر (ʕāṭir, “perfumed, fragrant, aromatic, sweet-smelling”)
- معطر
- مِعْطِير (miʕṭīr)
- مِعْطَار (miʕṭār)
Egyptian Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]عطر • (ʕiṭr) m (plural عُطور (ʕuṭūr) or عِطُور (ʕiṭūr))
Etymology 2
[edit]From Arabic عَطَّرَ (ʕaṭṭara, “to perfume”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]عطر • (ʕaṭṭar) II (non-past يِعَطَّر (yiʕaṭṭar))
- (transitive) to perfume
- عَطَّرت الأُٖوضة
- ʕaṭṭart il-ʔōda
- I perfumed the room
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]عطر • (ʕeṭer) II (non-past يِعْطَر (yiʕṭar))
- (intransitive, with في (“into”), dated) to bump into, to clash with, to cross paths with, to come across
- أنا!؟، دا أنا لو عطرت ف الحرامي ده، دانا هوديه ورا الشمس!
- ʔana!?, da ʔana law ʕeṭert fe l-ḥarāmi da, dana ha-waddīh wara š-šams!
- Me?! If I ever found that swindler, I'd mess him up! (literally "take him behind the sun")
Gojri
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian عَطَر (atar), from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).
Noun
[edit]عَطَر ('atar) m
Further reading
[edit]- Dr Rafique Anjum (2018) Concise Gojri-Kashmiri-English Dictionary, New Delhi: Adam Publishers & Distributors, →ISBN, page 310.
Hijazi Arabic
[edit]Root |
---|
ع ط ر |
1 term |
Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]عطر • (ʕiṭir) m (construct state عِطْر (ʕiṭr), plural عُطور (ʕuṭūr) or عطورات (ʕuṭūrāt))
Etymology 2
[edit]From Arabic عَطَّر (ʕaṭṭar, “to perfume”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]عطر • (ʕaṭṭar) II (non-past يِعَطِّر (yiʕaṭṭir))
- to perfume
- عَطَّرت الغُرفة
- ʕaṭṭart al-ḡurfa
- I perfumed the room
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of عطر (ʕaṭṭar) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | عطرت (ʕaṭṭart) | عطرت (ʕaṭṭart) | عطر (ʕaṭṭar) | عطرنا (ʕaṭṭarna) | عطرتوا (ʕaṭṭartu) | عطروا (ʕaṭṭaru) | |
f | عطرتي (ʕaṭṭarti) | عطرت (ʕaṭṭarat) | ||||||
non-past | m | أعطر (ʔaʕaṭṭir) | تعطر (tiʕaṭṭir) | يعطر (yiʕaṭṭir) | نعطر (niʕaṭṭir) | تعطروا (tiʕaṭṭiru) | يعطروا (yiʕaṭṭiru) | |
f | تعطري (tiʕaṭṭiri) | تعطر (tiʕaṭṭir) | ||||||
imperative | m | عطر (ʕaṭṭir) | عطروا (ʕaṭṭiru) | |||||
f | عطري (ʕaṭṭiri) |
Ottoman Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).
Noun
[edit]عطر • (ıtr or ıtır)
- perfume
- fragrant plant; rose geranium
Derived terms
[edit]- عطرجی (ıtırcı)
Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: ıtır
References
[edit]- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ıtır”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “عطر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1306
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʔatɾ], [ʔitɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæt̪ɹ], [ʔet̪ɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔät̪ɾ], [ʔit̪ɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | atr, itr |
Dari reading? | atr, itr |
Iranian reading? | atr, etr |
Tajik reading? | atr, itr |
Noun
[edit]Dari | عطر |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | атр, итр |
عطر • (atr, itr)
Descendants
[edit]- → Assamese: আতৰ (ator)
- → Bengali: আতর (ator)
- → Gojri: عَطَر ('atar)
- → Gujarati: અત્તર (attar)
- → Hindustani:
- → Kannada: ಅತ್ತರು (attaru)
- → Kazakh: әтір (ätır)
- → Magahi: 𑂃𑂞𑂩 (atar)
- → Maithili: atar, ãtar
- → Malayalam: അത്തർ (attaṟ)
- → Malvi: इतर (itar)
- → Marathi: अत्तर (attar)
- → Marwari:
- → Odia: ଅତର (atara)
- → Punjabi:
- → Tamil: அத்தர் (attar)
- → Telugu: అత్తరు (attaru), అత్తరువు (attaruvu)
- → Sindhi:
- → Varhadi: अत्तर (attar)
Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian عطر ('itr), from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /(ʔ)ɪt̪ɾ/
Noun
[edit]عِطْر • (itr, atr) m (Hindi spelling इत्र)
Further reading
[edit]- “عطر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “عطر”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 762
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “عطر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 436
- “عطر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
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