við

See also: vid, vith, viď, vid., and víð

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [viː]
• Rhymes: -iː

Etymology 1

From Old Norse við.

Preposition

við

1. (with accusative or with dative) with
2. (with accusative) beside, near
3. (with accusative) in

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “in”): frá

Etymology 2

See viður.

Noun

við

1. indefinite accusative singular of viður

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɪð/, [vɪːð]
• Rhymes: -ɪːð

Etymology 1

From Old Norse vit, the first-person dual personal pronoun; the plural was vér.

Pronoun

við

1. (personal pronoun) we, nominative plural form of the personal pronoun ég (“I”)

   Við erum vinir. ― We are friends.

Declension

  Icelandic personal pronouns

Icelandic personal pronouns
singular	first person	second person	third person masculine	third person feminine	third person neuter
nominative	ég, eg, ek†	þú	hann	hún, hon†, hón†	það, þat†
accusative	mig, mik†	þig, þik†	hann	hana	það, þat†
dative	mér	þér	honum, hánum†	henni	því
genitive	mín	þín	hans	hennar	þess
plural	first person	second person	third person masculine	third person feminine	third person neuter
nominative	við	þið, þit†	þeir	þær	þau
accusative	okkur	ykkur	þá	þær	þau
dative	okkur	ykkur	þeim	þeim	þeim
genitive	okkar	ykkar	þeirra	þeirra	þeirra

Derived terms

• eins og við gerðum ráð fyrir

Etymology 2

From Old Norse við.

Preposition

við

1. (with accusative) beside, near, next to

   Ég stend við vegginn. ― I'm standing next to the wall.

2. (with accusative, idiomatic, between people) with, to

Derived terms

• bjóða við
• blasa við
• daufheyrast við
• eiga við
• falla eins og flís við rass
• fjandskapast við
• halda við
• heima við
• inn við beinið
• kvað við klukkan
• leika við
• leika við hvern sinn fingur
• leitast við
• líka illa við
• líka vel við
• líka við
• ræða við
• sjá í gegnum fingur við
• skella skolleyrum við
• vera ekki við eina fjölina felldur
• við og við

 

Etymology 3

Noun

við

1. indefinite accusative/dative singular of viður

Old Norse

Pronunciation

• (12th century Icelandic) IPA^(key): /wið/, [wið]
• (13th century Icelandic) IPA^(key): /wɪð/, [wɪð]
• Rhymes: -ɪð

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *wiþiz, *wiþjǭ (“cord, rope”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyt- (“that which winds or bends, branch, switch”), from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, wind, bend”).

Noun

við f (genitive viðjar, plural viðjar)

1. withy, withe; collar

   viðjar af gulli

   collars of gold

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *wiþi, a shortened form of Proto-Germanic *wiþrą (“against”), from Proto-Indo-European *wi-tero- (“more apart”), from *wi (“separation”).

Alternative forms

• viðr (preposition)

Preposition

við

2.  (with dative)
   1. against
   2. (of direction) towards, against

      horfa við e-m

      to look towards, to face

   3. (sociative) along with
   4. (instrumental) with
   5. among
   6. (denoting barter, exchange) against, for
   7. (denoting remedy) against
   8. (denoting contest) against
3. (with accusative)
   • Vǫluspá in skamma 13.

     Haf gengr hríðum / við himin sjalfan…

   1. by, at close to
   2. (about time) towards, at

      við sólarsetr

      at sunset

   3. (about a person) towards, respecting, regarding
   4. (of cause) by, at

      falla við hǫgg

      to fall by a stroke

   5. as compared with, set off against
   6. according to

Descendants

• Icelandic: við, viður
• Faroese: við
• Norwegian: ved
• Elfdalian: wið
• Old Swedish: vīþ, viþer
  • Swedish: vid, veder-
• Danish: ved
• Old Gutnish: wiþr, wiþ

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

við

1. indefinite accusative singular of viðr

References

• viðr in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.