tos

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "tos"

Aragonese

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Etymology

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Pluralization of the second-person singular object pronoun te.

Pronoun

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tos (Belsetán, Benasquese, Chistabín, Low Ribagorçan, Somontano, Tensino)

  1. Second-person plural dative and accusative pronoun; you

Usage notes

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  • In Ribagorçan it takes the form to' before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en.

See also

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Aragonese personal pronouns
nominative disjunctive dative accusative
first person singular yo me, m'2
plural masculine nusatros1.1 nos1.6
feminine nusatras1.1
second person singular familiar tú te, t'2
formal vusté,1.2 vos
plural familiar masculine vusatros1.3 vos, tos3
feminine vusatras1.3
formal vustés,1.2 vos
third person singular masculine él1.4 le1.7 lo,1.8 l'2
feminine ella1.5 la
plural masculine els, ellos1.4 les1.7 los1.9
feminine ellas1.5 las
reflexive — se, s'2
  1. The forms shown in the table are the most widespread ones. Some varieties use different forms:
    1. nusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and nusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
    2. usté(s) (Benasquese), ustet(z) (Ansotano), vustet(z) (Tensino, Somontanos)
    3. vusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and vusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
    4. ell(s) (Benasquese) and er(s) (Belsetán).
    5. era(s) (Belsetán).
    6. mos (Ribagorçan). Before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en the contracted form mo' is used.
    7. li(s) (Cheso, Tensino).
    8. el (Ribagorçan). The contracted form l' is used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds and 'l after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
    9. es, els (Ribagorçan). These forms are contracted to 's and 'ls after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
  2. The contracted forms are used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds.
  3. In Ribagorçan the contracted form to' is used before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en.

References

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  • “os”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)

Asturian

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Etymology 1

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From Latin tussis, tussem, from Proto-Italic *tussis, from Proto-Indo-European *tud-ti-s (“cough”), from *(s)tewd-, from *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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tos f (plural tos)

  1. cough (expulsion of air from the lungs)

Etymology 2

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See to

Adjective

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tos

  1. plural of to

Catalan

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old Catalan tos, from Latin tussis, from Proto-Italic *tussis.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tos f (invariable)

  1. cough
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From tossa.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tos m (plural tossos)

  2. (anatomy) occiput
    Synonym: tossa
  3. (heraldry) caboshed head of an animal charge
    un tos de cérvol ― a stag's head caboshed
Alternative forms
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  • tòs (traditional Valencian spelling)
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Inherited from Vulgar Latin *tōs, reduced form of Latin tuōs.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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tos

  1. masculine plural of ton
Alternative forms
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Etymology 4

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Pronunciation

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Participle

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tos (feminine tosa, masculine plural tosos, feminine plural toses)

  1. past participle of tondre

Etymology 5

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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tos

  1. (Balearic) first-person singular present indicative of tossar

Further reading

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Chavacano

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Etymology

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Inherited from Spanish tos.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tos

  1. cough

Franco-Provençal

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Determiner

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tos

  1. masculine plural of ton

Friulian

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Etymology

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From Latin tussis, tussem, from Proto-Italic *tussis, from Proto-Indo-European *tud-ti-s (“cough”), from *(s)tewd-, from *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”).

Noun

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tos m (plural tos)

  1. cough
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German

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Verb

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tos

  1. singular imperative of tosen
  2. (colloquial) first-person singular present of tosen

Javanese

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Romanization

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tos

  1. Romanization of ꦠꦺꦴꦱ꧀

Latvian

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Pronoun

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tos

  1. those; accusative plural masculine of tas

Lombard

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Etymology

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Akin to Venetan tóxo.

Noun

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tos

  1. boy

Old Javanese

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *teRas (“heartwood of a tree, hard, durable core of wood; ironwood tree”). Doublet of twas (“hardness; core, heart”).

Noun

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tos

  1. descendant, offspring
  2. product

Descendants

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  • Javanese: ꦠꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (tos)

Further reading

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  • "tos" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish توز (toz, “dust”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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tos m or f or n (indeclinable)

  1. Only used in zahăr tos (“castor sugar”).

References

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Spanish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Spanish tos, from Latin tussem, tussis (“a cough”), from Proto-Italic *tussis, from Proto-Indo-European *tud-ti-s (“cough”), from *(s)tewd-, from *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtos/ [ˈt̪os]
  • Rhymes: -os
  • Syllabification: tos

Noun

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tos f (plural toses)

  1. cough
    tengo tos ― I have a cough

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Tok Pisin

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Etymology 1

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From English toast.

Noun

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tos

  1. toast

Etymology 2

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From English torch.

Noun

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tos

  1. torch
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