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U+81E4, 臤
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81E4

[U+81E3]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+81E5]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 131, +2, 8 strokes, cangjie input 尸中水 (SLE), composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 999, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30070
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1450, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2802, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+81E4

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
nonstandard simp. 𰀡

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script

Pronunciation 1

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/4 2/4 4/4
Initial () (29) (29) (29)
Final () (61) (73) (44)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division () I II III
Fanqie
Baxter khan khean khinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰɑn/ /kʰˠɛn/ /kʰˠiɪnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰɑn/ /kʰᵚæn/ /kʰᵚinH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰɑn/ /kʰæn/ /kʰienH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰan/ /kʰəɨn/ /kʰjinH/
Li
Rong
/kʰɑn/ /kʰɛn/ /kʰjĕnH/
Wang
Li
/kʰɑn/ /kʰæn/ /kʰǐĕnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰɑn/ /kʰăn/ /kʰi̯ĕnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
kān qiān qìn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hon1 haan1 han3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/4 2/4 4/4
No. 1324 1326 1348
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰaːn/ /*kʰriːn/ /*kʰins/

Definitions

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  1. (obsolete) firm and solid; rigid; stable

References

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Pronunciation 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“virtuous; good; clever; wise; worthy; able; capable; etc.”).
(This character is an ancient form of ).

See also

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. hard
  2. wise

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): かん (kan)けん (ken)こう ()きょう (kyō)げん (gen)
  • Kun: かたい (katai)

Korean

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Hanja

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(gan) (hangeul , revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)

  1. wise
  2. hard