掌

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掌 U+638C, 掌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-638C
← 掋
[U+638B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 掍 →
[U+638D]

Translingual

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Han character

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掌 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 火月口手 (FBRQ), four-corner 90502, composition ⿱𫩠手 or ⿱龸𠰅)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 437, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12248
  • Dae Jaweon: page 786, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1889, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+638C

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 掌
alternative forms 𤓯

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 掌
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (尚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
當 *taːŋ, *taːŋs
襠 *taːŋ
鐺 *taːŋ, *sʰraːŋ
簹 *taːŋ
璫 *taːŋ
檔 *taːŋ, *taːŋs
儅 *taːŋ, *taːŋs
蟷 *taːŋ
擋 *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs
黨 *taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ
讜 *taːŋʔ
欓 *taːŋʔ
譡 *taːŋs
闣 *taːŋs
瓽 *taːŋs
鏜 *tʰaːŋ
闛 *tʰaːŋ, *daːŋ
鼞 *tʰaːŋ
曭 *tʰaːŋʔ
儻 *tʰaːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋs
戃 *tʰaːŋʔ
矘 *tʰaːŋʔ
爣 *tʰaːŋʔ
攩 *hl'aːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs
淌 *tʰaːŋʔ
倘 *tʰaːŋʔ
躺 *tʰaːŋʔ
趟 *tʰaːŋs, *rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs
堂 *daːŋ
坣 *daːŋ
棠 *daːŋ
糛 *daːŋ
螳 *daːŋ
隚 *daːŋ
橖 *daːŋ
掌 *tjaŋʔ
廠 *tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs
敞 *tʰjaŋʔ
僘 *tʰjaŋʔ
氅 *tʰjaŋʔ
常 *djaŋ
嘗 *djaŋ
裳 *djaŋ
徜 *djaŋ
尚 *djaŋ, *djaŋs
甞 *djaŋ
鋿 *djaŋ
嫦 *djaŋ
償 *djaŋ, *djaŋs
賞 *hjaŋʔ
瞠 *rtʰaːŋ
撐 *rtʰaːŋ
樘 *rtʰaːŋ
橕 *rtʰaːŋ
牚 *rtʰaːŋs
埫 *tʰoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjaŋʔ) : phonetic 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) + semantic 手.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • ciēng - vernacular (“finger”);
  • ciōng - literary.
Note:
  • chiúⁿ/chióⁿ - vernacular (“palm”);
  • chńg/chéng/chín - vernacular (“finger”, often written as 指, e.g. 掌甲, 掌頭仔);
  • chióng/chiáng - literary.
Note:
  • zion2 - Shantou;
  • ziên2 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 掌
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 諸兩切
Baxter tsyangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕɨɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕiɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cɨaŋX/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiaŋX/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭaŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯aŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhǎng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zoeng2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 掌
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhǎng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyangX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k.t]aŋʔ/
English palm of the hand

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 掌
Reading # 1/1
No. 11146
Phonetic
component 		尚
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		掌
Old
Chinese 		/*tjaŋʔ/

Definitions

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掌

  1. palm of hand
    鼓掌  ―  gǔzhǎng  ―  to clap
  2. (Min) finger
  3. sole of foot
  4. shoe sole or heel
  5. horseshoe
  6. to slap
  7. to hold
    掌旗  ―  zhǎng qí  ―  to hold a flag
  8. to control
  9. (dialectal Mandarin) to put (seasoning)
  10. (Sichuanese) to support; to hold
  11. (Hakka, Teochew) to watch over; to look after

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • → Mongolian: зан (zan, “sole”)

Japanese

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Kanji

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掌

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. palm of the hand
  2. manipulate
  3. rule; administer

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
掌
てのひら
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
手の平
手のひら

From 手(て) (te, “hand”) + の (no, “-'s”) + 平(ひら) (hira, “flat”). Compare English flat of one's hand.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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掌(てのひら) • (te-no-hira) 

  1. (anatomy) a palm

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
掌
たなうら
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From 手(た) (ta-, “hand”) + な (na, “-'s”, archaic) + 裏(うら) (ura, “hidden side”).

Noun

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掌(たなうら) • (tanaura) 

  1. (anatomy) a palm

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
掌
たなごころ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From 手(た) (ta-, “hand”) + な (na, “-'s”, archaic) + 心(こころ) (kokoro, “heart; inside”, rendaku form 心(ごころ) (gokoro)).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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掌(たなごころ) • (tanagokoro) 

  1. (anatomy) a palm

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
掌
しょう
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 掌 (MC tsyangX).

Suffix

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掌(しょう) • (-shō) ←しやう (-syau)?

  1. (martial arts) used in the names of moves that involve hitting and pushing hard with the palm
    条(じゅう)拳(けん)法(ぽう)　八(はっ)卦(け)六(ろく)十(じゅう)四(よん)掌(しょう)
    Jūkenpō Hakke Rokujūyonshō
    Jūkenpō: Eight Trigrams, Sixty-Four Palms

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 掌 (MC tsyangX). Recorded as Middle Korean 쟈ᇰ〯 (cyǎng) (Yale: cyang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

掌 (eumhun 손바닥 장 (sonbadak jang))

  1. hanja form? of 장 (“palm of the hand”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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掌: Hán Nôm readings: chưởng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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