пол

See also: Пол, пол-, and Appendix:Variations of "pol"

Belarusian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [poɫ]

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

пол • (pol) m inan (genitive по́лу, nominative plural по́лы, genitive plural по́лаў, relational adjective палавы́)

1. sex, gender

   мужчы́нскі пол ― mužčýnski pol ― masculine gender

   жано́чы пол ― žanóčy pol ― feminine gender

Declension

Declension of пол (inan hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	пол pol	по́лы póly
genitive	по́лу pólu	по́лаў pólaŭ
dative	по́лу pólu	по́лам pólam
accusative	пол pol	по́лы póly
instrumental	по́лам pólam	по́ламі pólami
locative	по́ле pólje	по́лах pólax
count form	—	по́лы1 póly1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

пол • (pol) m inan (genitive по́ла, nominative plural палы́, genitive plural пало́ў, diminutive пало́к)

1. (archaic) bunk, berth, pallet, plank bed (a fixed built-in bed, designed as a part of a room, train car, prison cell, etc.)

   Synonyms: пала́ткі (palátki), пала́ці (paláci), на́ры (náry)

   • 1931 [1921], Jaroslav Hašek, translated by Міхась Зарэцкі, У тыле (Прыгоды ўдалага ваякі Швэйка; 1), Менск: БДВ, translation of Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka za světové války (in Czech), page 91; English translation from Cecil Parrott, transl., The Good Soldier Švejk and His Fortunes in the World War, New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1974, page 96:

     Памаліўся, значыць, і палез за сваімі клумкамі пад пол. Што і казаць клумкі тамака былі, але худыя, зморшчаныя, як сушаная сьлівіна.

     Pamaliŭsja, značycʹ, i paljez za svaimi klumkami pad pol. Što i kazacʹ klumki tamaka byli, alje xudyja, zmórščanyja, jak sušanaja sʹlivina.

     And so this time he prayed and then looked for his knapsacks under his bunk. Yes, the knapsacks were there, but they were dried up and shrunk like dried prunes.

     (literally, “And so he prayed and reached for his knapsacks under his bunk. Needles to say, the knapsacks were there, but they were shrunk and wrinkled like a dried plum.”)

   • 1994, Віктар Цітоў, Народная спадчына: матэрыяльная культура ў лакальна-тыпалагічнай разнастайнасці, Мінск: Навука і тэхніка, →ISBN, page 99:

     Частку памяшкання ад тарцовай (кутняй) сцяны займаў спальны памост — пол, тут ляжалі напханы сенам ці саломай сяннік, падушкі, посцілкі, часам памост падзяляўся на дзве часткі ўзорным тканым полагам.

     Častku pamjaškannja ad tarcóvaj (kutnjaj) scjany zajmaŭ spalʹny pamóst — pol, tut ljažali napxany sjenam ci salómaj sjannik, paduški, póscilki, časam pamóst padzjaljaŭsja na dzvje častki ŭzórnym tkanym pólaham.

     A part of the room adjacent to (the corner of) the shorter wall was occupied by a fixture for sleeping — a bunk. A mattress stuffed with hay or straw, pillows and bedding laid there. Sometimes this construct was divided into two parts by a decorated woven screen.

Declension

Declension of пол (inan hard masc-form accent-c)

	singular	plural
nominative	пол pol	палы́ palý
genitive	по́ла póla	пало́ў palóŭ
dative	по́лу pólu	пала́м palám
accusative	пол pol	палы́ palý
instrumental	по́лам pólam	пала́мі palámi
locative	по́ле pólje	пала́х paláx
count form	—	по́лы1 póly1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

• “пол” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
• “пол”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)

Bulgarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pɔɫ]

Etymology 1

From Old Church Slavonic полъ (polŭ), from Proto-Slavic *polъ. Cognates include Belarusian пол (pol), Russian пол (pol), Macedonian пол (pol), Serbo-Croatian по̑л, Polish pół.

Noun

пол • (pol) m

1. sex, gender
2. (archaic) a half

Declension

Declension of пол

	singular	plural
indefinite	пол pol	по́лове pólove
definite (subject form)	по́лът pólǎt	по́ловете pólovete
definite (object form)	по́ла póla
count form	—	по́ла póla

Derived terms

• по́лов (pólov)
• по́ловост (pólovost)
• безпо́лов (bezpólov)
• безпо́ловост (bezpólovost)
• двупо́лов (dvupólov)

Numeral

пол • (pol)

1. half

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *pólъ.

Noun

пол • (pol) m

1. (archaic) floor, ground

Declension

Declension of пол

	singular	plural
indefinite	пол pol	по́лове pólove
definite (subject form)	по́лът pólǎt	по́ловете pólovete
definite (object form)	по́ла póla
count form	—	по́ла póla

Etymology 3

Likely from Romanian pol (“napoleon (gold coin)”), in turn likely a loan of Russian пол (pol, “half”).

Noun

пол • (pol) m

1. (archaic) napoleon (20-franc gold coin)

   Synonym: жълти́ца (žǎltíca)

Declension

Declension of пол

	singular	plural
indefinite	пол pol	по́лове pólove
definite (subject form)	по́лът pólǎt	по́ловете pólovete
definite (object form)	по́ла póla
count form	—	по́ла póla

References

• “пол”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “пол”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pɔɫ]
• Homophone: Пол (Pol)

Noun

пол • (pol) m (relational adjective полов)

1. sex (colloquially/imprecisely, also "gender")

Noun

пол • (pol) m (relational adjective поларен)

1. pole (Earth)

Declension

Declension of пол

	singular	plural
indefinite	пол	полови
definite unspecified	полот	половите
definite proximal	полов	половиве
definite distal	полон	половине
vocative	полу	полови
count form	—	пола

Russian

Alternative forms

• полъ (pol) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [poɫ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic полъ (polŭ), from Proto-Slavic *polъ.

Noun

пол • (pol) m inan (genitive по́ла, nominative plural полы́, genitive plural поло́в, relational adjective полово́й, diminutive по́лик)

1. floor (bottom part of a room)

   па́дать на́ пол ― pádatʹ ná pol ― to fall to the floor

Declension

Declension of пол (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-c) 

	singular	plural
nominative	по́л pól	полы́ polý
genitive	по́ла póla	поло́в polóv
dative	по́лу pólu	пола́м polám
accusative	по́л pól	полы́ polý
instrumental	по́лом pólom	пола́ми polámi
prepositional	по́ле póle	пола́х poláx
partitive	по́лу pólu
locative	полу́ polú

Derived terms

• полови́ца (polovíca)
• полотёр (polotjór)

Descendants

• → Armenian: պոլ (pol)
• → Georgian: პოლი (ṗoli)
• → Mingrelian: პოლი (ṗoli)
• → Ter Sami: пыэлл (pïell)

Etymology 2

Related to пол- (pol-, “half”), from Old East Slavic полъ (polŭ), from Proto-Slavic *polъ.

Noun

пол • (pol) m inan (genitive по́ла, nominative plural по́лы, genitive plural поло́в, relational adjective полово́й)

1. half

   пол уче́бного го́да ― pol učébnovo góda ― half an academic year

2. sex, gender

   же́нского по́ла ― žénskovo póla ― female

   мужско́го по́ла ― mužskóvo póla ― male

   обо́его по́ла ― obójevo póla ― both sexes

   прекра́сный пол ― prekrásnyj pol ― the fairer sex

Declension

Declension of пол (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-e) 

	singular	plural
nominative	по́л pól	по́лы póly
genitive	по́ла póla	поло́в polóv
dative	по́лу pólu	пола́м polám
accusative	по́л pól	по́лы póly
instrumental	по́лом pólom	пола́ми polámi
prepositional	по́ле póle	пола́х poláx

See also

• род (rod)
• секс (sɛks)

Etymology 3

Adjective

пол • (pol)

1. short masculine singular of по́лый (pólyj)

Etymology 4

Noun

пол • (pol) f inan pl

1. genitive plural of пола́ (polá)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pôːl/

Noun

по̑л m (Latin spelling pȏl)

1. pole (magnetic, positive, negative etc.)

Declension

Declension of пол

	singular	plural
nominative	по̑л	по́лови
genitive	пола	по́ло̄ва̄
dative	полу	половима
accusative	пол	полове
vocative	поле	полови
locative	полу	половима
instrumental	полом	половима

Derived terms

• поларни

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• спо̑л (Croatia)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pôːl/

Noun

по̑л m (Latin spelling pȏl)

1. (Bosnia, Serbia) sex (kind of an organism as determined by its reproductive organs)
2. (Bosnia, Serbia) gender

Declension

Declension of пол

	singular	plural
nominative	пол	полови
genitive	пола	полова
dative	полу	половима
accusative	пол	полове
vocative	поле	полови
locative	полу	половима
instrumental	полом	половима

Derived terms

• полни

Etymology 3

From по̏ла.

Alternative forms

• по̑

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pôːl/

Particle

по̑л (Latin spelling pȏl)

1. half

   сат и по(л) — an hour and a half

   три и по м(ј)есеца — three and a half months