lom

See also: Appendix:Variations of "lom"

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlom]
• Rhymes: -om

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech lom, from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Noun

lom m inan

1. an open mine
2. diffraction or refraction

Declension

Declension of lom (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	lom	lomy
genitive	lomu	lomů
dative	lomu	lomům
accusative	lom	lomy
vocative	lome	lomy
locative	lomu	lomech
instrumental	lomem	lomy

Related terms

• lomit

 

See also

• důl

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

lom

1. second-person singular imperative of lomit

Further reading

• “lom”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “lom”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “lom”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Hungarian

Etymology

From a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlom]
• Hyphenation: lom
• Rhymes: -om

Noun

lom (plural lomok)

1. junk, bulky waste

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	lom	lomok
accusative	lomot	lomokat
dative	lomnak	lomoknak
instrumental	lommal	lomokkal
causal-final	lomért	lomokért
translative	lommá	lomokká
terminative	lomig	lomokig
essive-formal	lomként	lomokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	lomban	lomokban
superessive	lomon	lomokon
adessive	lomnál	lomoknál
illative	lomba	lomokba
sublative	lomra	lomokra
allative	lomhoz	lomokhoz
elative	lomból	lomokból
delative	lomról	lomokról
ablative	lomtól	lomoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	lomé	lomoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	loméi	lomokéi

Possessive forms of lom
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	lomom	lomjaim
2nd person sing.	lomod	lomjaid
3rd person sing.	lomja	lomjai
1st person plural	lomunk	lomjaink
2nd person plural	lomotok	lomjaitok
3rd person plural	lomjuk	lomjaik

Derived terms

• lomos
• lomtalanít → lomtalanítás

 

Further reading

• lom in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish lomm (“bare”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /l̪ˠɑumˠ/, /l̪ˠoumˠ/
• (Galway) IPA^(key): /l̪ˠuːmˠ/
• (Mayo) IPA^(key): /l̪ˠʊmˠ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /l̪ˠʌmˠ/

Adjective

lom (genitive singular masculine loim, genitive singular feminine loime, plural loma, comparative loime)

1. bare
2. bleak (of country)
3. unadorned (of house)
4. threadbare (of clothing)
5. spare (of quarters)
6. close
7. (nominalized, masculine) something bare

Declension

Declension of lom

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	lom	lom	loma
Vocative	loim		loma
Genitive		loime	loma	lom
Dative	lom	lom; loim (archaic)	loma
Comparative	níos loime
Superlative	is loime

Obsolete spellings

Declension of lom

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	lom	lom	loma
Vocative	luim		loma
Genitive		luime	loma	lom
Dative	lom	lom; luim (archaic)	loma
Comparative	níos luime
Superlative	is luime

Synonyms

• nocht

Derived terms

• ar lom (“bare, without trimmings”)
• cuireata ar lom (“lone knave”)
• cuireata lom
• de lom (“on purpose”)
• lom ar
• lom chun
• lom láithreach
• lom le
• lomabharróg
• lomnocht

 

Verb

lom (present analytic lomann, future analytic lomfaidh, verbal noun lomadh, past participle lomtha) (transitive, intransitive)

1. to strip, denude
2. to mow
3. to shear (a sheep)

Conjugation

conjugation of lom (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	lomaim	lomann tú; lomair†	lomann sé, sí	lomaimid	lomann sibh	lomann siad; lomaid†	a lomann; a lomas	lomtar
	past	lom mé; lomas	lom tú; lomais	lom sé, sí	lomamar; lom muid	lom sibh; lomabhair	lom siad; lomadar	a lom / ar lom*	lomadh
	past habitual	lomainn	lomtá	lomadh sé, sí	lomaimis; lomadh muid	lomadh sibh	lomaidís; lomadh siad	a lomadh / a lomadh*	lomtaí
future		lomfaidh mé; lomfad	lomfaidh tú; lomfair†	lomfaidh sé, sí	lomfaimid; lomfaidh muid	lomfaidh sibh	lomfaidh siad; lomfaid†	a lomfaidh; a lomfas	lomfar
conditional		lomfainn	lomfá	lomfadh sé, sí	lomfaimis; lomfadh muid	lomfadh sibh	lomfaidís; lomfadh siad	a lomfadh / a lomfadh*	lomfaí
subjunctive	present	go loma mé; go lomad†	go loma tú; go lomair†	go loma sé, sí	go lomaimid; go loma muid	go loma sibh	go loma siad; go lomaid†	—	go lomtar
	past	dá lomainn	dá lomtá	dá lomadh sé, sí	dá lomaimis; dá lomadh muid	dá lomadh sibh	dá lomaidís; dá lomadh siad	—	dá lomtaí
imperative		lomaim	lom	lomadh sé, sí	lomaimis	lomaigí; lomaidh†	lomaidís	—	lomtar
verbal noun		lomadh
past participle		lomtha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form

Synonyms

• (to strip, strip off): nocht
• (to strip off): rúisc, scamh, scoith

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “lom”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьlьmъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɔm/

Noun

lom m inan (diminutive lomk)

1. elm, any tree of the genus Ulmus

   Synonyms: wěz, brěšć

Declension

Declension of lom

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	lom	loma	lomy
Genitive	loma	lomowu	lomow
Dative	lomoju	lomoma	lomam
Accusative	lom	loma	lomy
Instrumental	lomom	lomoma	lomami
Locative	lomje	lomoma	lomach

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “lom”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999) “lom”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse lómr, ultimately imitative of the bird's cry, particularly when it's in danger.

Noun

lom m (definite singular lommen, indefinite plural lommer, definite plural lommene)

1. a diver or loon (waterbird of order Gaviiformes, family Gaviidae)

Derived terms

• gulnebblom

References

• “lom” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse lómr, ultimately imitative of the bird's cry, particularly when it's in danger.

Noun

lom m (definite singular lomen or lommen, indefinite plural lomar or lommar, definite plural lomane or lommane)

1. a diver or loon (waterbird of order Gaviiformes, family Gaviidae)

Derived terms

• gulnebblom

References

• “lom” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *lamaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“broken”). Cognates include Old English lama, Old Saxon lam and Old Dutch *lam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlom/

Adjective

lom

1. lame

Descendants

• North Frisian: lom, laam
• Saterland Frisian: lom
• West Frisian: lam

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Plautdietsch

Adjective

lom

1. lame

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian лом (lom), from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Noun

lom n (plural lomuri)

1. crowbar

Declension

Declension of lom

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) lom	lomul	(niște) lomuri	lomurile
genitive/dative	(unui) lom	lomului	(unor) lomuri	lomurilor
vocative	lomule		lomurilor

Romansch

Alternative forms

• lomm (Surmiran)

Etymology

From Latin pulmō, from Proto-Indo-European *pléwmō.

Noun

lom f (plural loms)

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) lung

Synonyms

• (Sutsilvan) leav
• (Surmiran) lev
• (Puter, Vallader) pulmun

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish lomm.

Adjective

lom (comparative luime)

1. nude, naked
2. bare, bleak
3. leafless
4. threadbare
5. thin, meagre
6. net (weight, sum etc)

Synonyms

• (nude): lomnochd, rùisgte
• (bare): rùisgte
• (leafless): gun duille, gun duilleag

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “lom”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lomm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lôːm/

Noun

lȏm m (Cyrillic spelling ло̑м)

1. fracture
2. breach, breakage
3. rumpus, ruckus, uproar
4. refraction, diffraction (of light)

Declension

Declension of lom

	singular	plural
nominative	lȏm	lòmovi
genitive	lòma	lòmōvā
dative	lomu	lomovima
accusative	lom	lomove
vocative	lome	lomovi
locative	lomu	lomovima
instrumental	lomom	lomovima

References

• “lom”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɔ́m/

Noun

lȍm m inan

1. fracture

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	lòm
gen. sing.	lôma
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	lòm	lôma	lômi
genitive (rodȋlnik)	lôma	lômov	lômov
dative (dajȃlnik)	lômu	lômoma	lômom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	lòm	lôma	lôme
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	lômu	lômih	lômih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	lômom	lômoma	lômi

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

• “lom”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “lom”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lʊm/

Noun

lom c

1. a loon (bird)

Declension

Declension of lom

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	lom	loms
	definite	lommen	lommens
plural	indefinite	lommar	lommars
	definite	lommarna	lommarnas

Taivoan

Numeral

lom

1. six

Uzbek

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic لَام (lām).

Noun

lom (plural lomlar)

1. the Arabic letter ل

Declension

Declension of lom

	singular	plural
nominative	lom	lomlar
genitive	lomning	lomlarning
dative	lomga	lomlarga
definite accusative	lomni	lomlarni
locative	lomda	lomlarda
ablative	lomdan	lomlardan
similative	lomdek	lomlardek

Possessive forms of lom

my	singular	plural
nominative	lomim	lomlarim
genitive	lomimning	lomlarimning
dative	lomimga	lomlarimga
definite accusative	lomimni	lomlarimni
locative	lomimda	lomlarimda
ablative	lomimdan	lomlarimdan
similative	lomimdek	lomlarimdek
your	singular	plural
nominative	loming	lomlaring
genitive	lomingning	lomlaringning
dative	lomingga	lomlaringga
definite accusative	lomingni	lomlaringni
locative	lomingda	lomlaringda
ablative	lomingdan	lomlaringdan
similative	lomingdek	lomlaringdek
her/his/its	singular	plural
nominative	lomi	lomlari
genitive	lomining	lomlarining
dative	lomiga	lomlariga
definite accusative	lomini	lomlarini
locative	lomida	lomlarida
ablative	lomidan	lomlaridan
similative	lomidek	lomlaridek
our	singular	plural
nominative	lomimiz	lomlarimiz
genitive	lomimizning	lomlarimizning
dative	lomimizga	lomlarimizga
definite accusative	lomimizni	lomlarimizni
locative	lomimizda	lomlarimizda
ablative	lomimizdan	lomlarimizdan
similative	lomimizdek	lomlarimizdek
your	singular	plural
nominative	lomingiz	lomlaringiz
genitive	lomingizning	lomlaringizning
dative	lomingizga	lomlaringizga
definite accusative	lomingizni	lomlaringizni
locative	lomingizda	lomlaringizda
ablative	lomingizdan	lomlaringizdan
similative	lomingizdek	lomlaringizdek
their	singular	plural
nominative	lomi	lomlari
genitive	lomining	lomlarining
dative	lomiga	lomlariga
definite accusative	lomini	lomlarini
locative	lomida	lomlarida
ablative	lomidan	lomlaridan	similative	lomidek	lomlaridek