pedra

See also: pedrá, peðra, and Pedra

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈpe.ðɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈpe.ðɾa]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

pedra f (plural pedres)

1. stone
2. (medicine) stone, calculus

   Synonym: càlcul

3. hailstone

   Synonyms: calamarsa, granís

Derived terms

• empedreir
• pedra foguera
• pedrada
• pedraferit
• pedraplè
• pedregar
• pedregós
• pedrer
• pedrís
• pedró
• pedrós
• tota pedra fa paret

 

Related terms

• • Pedraforca
  • Pedralbes
  • petrificar

   

Further reading

• “pedra” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “pedra”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “pedra” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “pedra” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Fala

Alternative forms

• peira (Mañegu)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese pedra, from Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra). Compare Galician and Portuguese pedra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpedɾa/
• Rhymes: -edɾa
• Syllabification: pe‧dra

Noun

pedra f (plural pedras)

1. (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) stone, rock

Derived terms

• empedral (“to pave”)
• impedral (“to pave”)
• pedrau (“blow with a rock”)
• pedreiru (“stonecutter”)
• pedrá (“blow with a rock”)

 

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Galician

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese pedra, from Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra). Compare Fala and Portuguese pedra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛdɾa/ [ˈpɛ.ð̞ɾɐ]
• Rhymes: -ɛdɾa
• Hyphenation: pe‧dra

Noun

pedra f (plural pedras)

1. stone (as a material)
2. stone, rock

   Synonyms: roca, rocha

3. hailstone

   Synonym: pedrazo

4. (medicine) deposit, calculus, stone

   Synonym: cálculo

5. (dentistry) tartar

   Synonym: sarrio

Derived terms

• Parafita
• Pedrafita
• pedrazo
• Pedreda
• Pedredo
• pedregal
• Pedregal
• Pedregás
• Pedregosa
• Pedregueira
• pedreira
• Pedreira
• pedreiro
• Pedreiro
• Pedrido
• pedrolo
• Pedrón
• Pedrosa
• pedroso
• Pedroso
• Pedrouco
• Pedrouso
• Pedrouza
• Pedrouzo
• Pedrouzos

Further reading

• “pedra”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “pedra”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “pedra”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “pedra”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “pedra”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “pedra”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese pedra. Cognate with Kabuverdianu pédra.

Noun

pedra

1. stone

Karelian

Regional variants of pedra

North Karelian (Viena)	petra
South Karelian (Tver)	pedra

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *pëtra. Cognates include Finnish peura and Veps pedr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpedrɑ/
• Hyphenation: ped‧ra

Noun

pedra (genitive pedran, partitive pedrua)

1. (South Karelian) reindeer

Declension

Tver Karelian declension of pedra (type 4/kala no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	pedra	pedrat
genitive	pedran	pedroin
partitive	pedrua	pedroida
illative	pedrah	pedroih
inessive	pedrašša	pedroissa
elative	pedrašta	pedroista
adessive	pedralla	pedroilla
ablative	pedralda	pedroilda
translative	pedrakši	pedroiksi
essive	pedrana	pedroina
comitative	pedranke	pedroinke
abessive	pedratta	pedroitta

Possessive forms of pedra
1st person	pedrani
2nd person	pedraš
3rd person	pedrah
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References

• A. V. Punzhina (1994) “pedra”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN

Leonese

Etymology

From Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra).

Noun

pedra f (plural pedras)

1. stone

References

• AEDLL

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.dɾa/

Noun

pedra f (plural pedras)

1. rock, stone
   • 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 294 (facsimile):

     Como hũa moller q̇ iogaua os dados en pulla lançou hũa pedra aa omagen de ſ[ant]a mari[a] por q̇ perdera ⁊ parou un angeo de pedra que y eſtava a mão ⁊ reçibiu o colpe.

     How a woman who was playing dice in Apulia threw a stone at the statue of Holy Mary because she had lost, and an angel of stone which was there reached out its hand and received the blow.

2. (figurative) penis

Related terms

• pedreiro

Descendants

• Fala: pedra, peira
• Galician: pedra
• Portuguese: pedra (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• Universo Cantigas - "pedra"

Portuguese

pedras

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese pedra, from Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra). Cognate with Fala and Galician pedra.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.dɾɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.dɾɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.dɾa/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.dɾɐ/ [ˈpɛ.ðɾɐ]

• Hyphenation: pe‧dra

Noun

pedra f (plural pedras)

1. stone (as a material)
2. stone, rock

   Synonym: rocha

3. rock (closed hand in rock paper scissors)
4. hailstone
5. (medicine) deposit, calculus, stone

   Synonym: cálculo

6. (dentistry) tartar
7. (slang) crack cocaine

Derived terms

• pedrada
• pedregulho
• pedreira
• pedreiro
• pedrinha
• pedrona
• pedroso
• tirar leite de pedra

 

Descendants

• Guinea-Bissau Creole: pedra
• Kabuverdianu: pédra

Sardinian

Etymology

From Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra).

Noun

pedra f (plural pedras)

1. stone