lop
English
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle English loppe (“bough”); the verb is a back-formation from the noun.
Verb
editlop (third-person singular simple present lops, present participle lopping, simple past and past participle lopped or lopt)
- (transitive, usually with off) To cut off as the top or extreme part of anything, especially to prune a small limb off a shrub or tree, or sometimes to behead someone.
- 1742, Edward Young, The Complaint: or Night-Thoughts on Life, Death & Immortality, Night I:
- Some, for hard masters, broken under arms,
In battle lopt away, with half their limbs,
Beg bitter bread thro’ realms their valour sav’d,
- To hang downward; to be pendent; to lean to one side.
- To allow to hang down.
- to lop the head
Synonyms
edit- (to cut off): snead
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
|
Noun
editlop (plural lops)
- That which is lopped from anything, such as branches from a tree.
- 1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
- Why, we take,
From every tree, lop, bark, and part o'the timber
- 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:
- I ſhall not trouble you about the raiſing of them of Truncheons or Lops, because I could never find them to take; only ſometimes ſome of the ſmallest Suckers, when the Sap is newly ſtirring in them, if they are ſlipt off from the Tree, will grow
See also
editReferences
edit- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “lop”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Etymology 2
editFrom Middle English loppe (“flea, spider”), from Old English loppe (“spider, silk-worm, flea”), from Proto-Germanic *luppǭ (“flea, sandflea", originally, "jumper”), from Proto-Germanic *luppijaną (“to jump, dart”). Cognate with Danish loppe (“flea”), Swedish loppa (“flea”). Compare also Middle High German lüpfen, lupfen (“to raise”, obsolete also “to rise”).
Noun
editlop (plural lops)
- (Geordie) A flea.
- Hadway wi ye man, ye liftin wi lops.
- 1651, John Cleveland, “The Hue and Cry after Sir John Presbiter”, in Poems:
- Lice, That's nick name to the stuff called Lops
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Frank Graham, editor (1987), “LOP”, in The New Geordie Dictionary, Rothbury, Northumberland: Butler Publishing, →ISBN.
- Bill Griffiths, editor (2004), “lop”, in A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear: Northumbria University Press, →ISBN.
- “lop”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “lop”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- Scott Dobson, Dick Irwin “lop”, in Newcastle 1970s: Durham & Tyneside Dialect Group[1], archived from the original on 2024-09-05.
- Northumberland Words, English Dialect Society, R. Oliver Heslop, 1893–4
- “Lop”, in Palgrave’s Word List: Durham & Tyneside Dialect Group[2], archived from the original on 2024-09-05, from F[rancis] M[ilnes] T[emple] Palgrave, A List of Words and Phrases in Everyday Use by the Natives of Hetton-le-Hole in the County of Durham […] (Publications of the English Dialect Society; 74), London: Published for the English Dialect Society by Henry Frowde, Oxford University Press, 1896, →OCLC.
- Todd's Geordie Words and Phrases, George Todd, Newcastle, 1977[3]
Etymology 3
editBack-formation from lopsided.
Noun
editlop (plural lops)
- (US, dated, slang) (usually offensive) A disabled person, a cripple.
- 1935, Rex Stout, The League of Frightened Men, page 5:
- "He's a lop; it mentions here about his getting up to the stand with his crippled leg but it doesn't say which one."
- Any of several breeds of rabbits whose ears lie flat.
See also
editAnagrams
editA-Pucikwar
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Great Andamanese *lap.
Verb
editlop
- to count
References
edit- Juliette Blevins, Linguistic clues to Andamanese pre-history: Understanding the North-South divide, pg. 21 (2009)
Franco-Provençal
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editNoun
editlop m (plural lops) (ORB, broad)
References
edit- loup in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
- lop in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu
Further information
edit- AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 434: “il lupo” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
- ALF: Atlas Linguistique de la France[4] [Linguistic Atlas of France] – map 783: “loup” – on lig-tdcge.imag.fr
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “lŭpus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 457
Hungarian
editEtymology
editOf unknown origin. First attested around 1519. Another possible citing as a proper noun in 1086 is also mentioned.[1]
Pronunciation
editVerb
editlop
- (transitive) to steal, to shoplift (from someone -tól/-től)
- Másoktól lop ötleteket. ― He/she steals ideas from others.
- Synonyms: (slang) csór, lenyúl, meglovasít, megfúj, (literary) oroz, (formal) eltulajdonít, (euphemistic, informal) elemel
- Perfective: ellop
Conjugation
editClick for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | lopok | lopsz | lop | lopunk | loptok | lopnak | |
Def. | lopom | lopod | lopja | lopjuk | lopjátok | lopják | |||
2nd-p. o. | loplak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | loptam | loptál | lopott | loptunk | loptatok | loptak | ||
Def. | loptam | loptad | lopta | loptuk | loptátok | lopták | |||
2nd-p. o. | loptalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. lopni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | lopék | lopál | lopa | lopánk | lopátok | lopának | ||
Def. | lopám | lopád | lopá | lopánk | lopátok | lopák | |||
2nd-p. o. | lopálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. lop vala, lopott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | lopandok | lopandasz | lopand | lopandunk | lopandotok | lopandanak | ||
Def. | lopandom | lopandod | lopandja | lopandjuk | lopandjátok | lopandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | lopandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | lopnék | lopnál | lopna | lopnánk | lopnátok | lopnának | |
Def. | lopnám | lopnád | lopná | lopnánk (or lopnók) |
lopnátok | lopnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | lopnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lopott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | lopjak | lopj or lopjál |
lopjon | lopjunk | lopjatok | lopjanak | |
Def. | lopjam | lopd or lopjad |
lopja | lopjuk | lopjátok | lopják | |||
2nd-p. o. | lopjalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lopott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | lopni | lopnom | lopnod | lopnia | lopnunk | lopnotok | lopniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
lopás | lopó | lopott | lopandó | lopva (lopván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | lophatok | lophatsz | lophat | lophatunk | lophattok | lophatnak | |
Def. | lophatom | lophatod | lophatja | lophatjuk | lophatjátok | lophatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | lophatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | lophattam | lophattál | lophatott | lophattunk | lophattatok | lophattak | ||
Def. | lophattam | lophattad | lophatta | lophattuk | lophattátok | lophatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | lophattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | lophaték | lophatál | lophata | lophatánk | lophatátok | lophatának | ||
Def. | lophatám | lophatád | lophatá | lophatánk | lophatátok | lophaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | lophatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. lophat vala, lophatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | lophatandok or lopandhatok |
lophatandasz or lopandhatsz |
lophatand or lopandhat |
lophatandunk or lopandhatunk |
lophatandotok or lopandhattok |
lophatandanak or lopandhatnak | ||
Def. | lophatandom or lopandhatom |
lophatandod or lopandhatod |
lophatandja or lopandhatja |
lophatandjuk or lopandhatjuk |
lophatandjátok or lopandhatjátok |
lophatandják or lopandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | lophatandalak or lopandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | lophatnék | lophatnál | lophatna | lophatnánk | lophatnátok | lophatnának | |
Def. | lophatnám | lophatnád | lophatná | lophatnánk (or lophatnók) |
lophatnátok | lophatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | lophatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. lophatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | lophassak | lophass or lophassál |
lophasson | lophassunk | lophassatok | lophassanak | |
Def. | lophassam | lophasd or lophassad |
lophassa | lophassuk | lophassátok | lophassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | lophassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. lophatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (lophatni) | (lophatnom) | (lophatnod) | (lophatnia) | (lophatnunk) | (lophatnotok) | (lophatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | lopható | Neg. adj. | lophatatlan | Adv. part. | (lophatva / lophatván) | ||||
Derived terms
edit(With verbal prefixes):
Descendants
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ lop in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
edit- lop in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Indonesian
editEtymology
editFrom Dutch loop, from Middle Dutch lôop, from Old Dutch *lōp.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlop
Further reading
edit- “lop” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Middle English
editNoun
editlop
- Alternative form of loppe (“spider”)
Occitan
editEtymology
editFrom Old Occitan lop, from Latin lupus.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlop m (plural lops, feminine loba, feminine plural lobas)
Derived terms
editVeps
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *loppu.
Noun
editlop
Declension
editInflection of lop (inflection type 1/ilo) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | lop | ||
genitive sing. | lopun | ||
partitive sing. | lopud | ||
partitive plur. | lopuid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | lop | lopud | |
accusative | lopun | lopud | |
genitive | lopun | lopuiden | |
partitive | lopud | lopuid | |
essive-instructive | lopun | lopuin | |
translative | lopuks | lopuikš | |
inessive | lopus | lopuiš | |
elative | lopuspäi | lopuišpäi | |
illative | lopuhu | lopuihe | |
adessive | lopul | lopuil | |
ablative | lopulpäi | lopuilpäi | |
allative | lopule | lopuile | |
abessive | loputa | lopuita | |
comitative | lopunke | lopuidenke | |
prolative | lopudme | lopuidme | |
approximative I | lopunno | lopuidenno | |
approximative II | lopunnoks | lopuidennoks | |
egressive | lopunnopäi | lopuidennopäi | |
terminative I | lopuhusai | lopuihesai | |
terminative II | lopulesai | lopuilesai | |
terminative III | lopussai | — | |
additive I | lopuhupäi | lopuihepäi | |
additive II | lopulepäi | lopuilepäi |
Volapük
editNoun
editlop (nominative plural lops)
Declension
editDerived terms
edit- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɒp
- Rhymes:English/ɒp/1 syllable
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with quotations
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Geordie English
- English terms with usage examples
- Northumbrian English
- English back-formations
- American English
- English dated terms
- English slang
- English offensive terms
- en:Fleas
- en:Rabbits
- A-Pucikwar terms inherited from Proto-Great Andamanese
- A-Pucikwar terms derived from Proto-Great Andamanese
- A-Pucikwar lemmas
- A-Pucikwar verbs
- Franco-Provençal terms inherited from Latin
- Franco-Provençal terms derived from Latin
- Franco-Provençal lemmas
- Franco-Provençal nouns
- Franco-Provençal countable nouns
- Franco-Provençal masculine nouns
- ORB, broad
- frp:Canids
- Hungarian terms with unknown etymologies
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/op
- Rhymes:Hungarian/op/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian verbs taking -tól/-től
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian three-letter words
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Old Dutch
- Indonesian 1-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Occitan terms inherited from Old Occitan
- Occitan terms derived from Old Occitan
- Occitan terms inherited from Latin
- Occitan terms derived from Latin
- Occitan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Occitan terms with audio pronunciation
- Occitan lemmas
- Occitan nouns
- Occitan masculine nouns
- Occitan countable nouns
- oc:Mammals
- Veps terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Veps terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Veps lemmas
- Veps nouns
- vep:Grammar
- Veps ilo-type nominals
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük nouns