智

智	U+667A, 智 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-667A

Translingual

Han character

智 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 人口日 (ORA), four-corner 8660₀, composition ⿱知日)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 497, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14010
Dae Jaweon: page 863, character 23
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1518, character 15
Unihan data for U+667A

Chinese

simp. and trad.		智
alternative forms		知𣉻𥏼

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 智
Shang	Western Zhou	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (矢) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
彘	*l'eds
璏	l'eds, ɢʷleds, *ɢʷled
薙	l̥ʰiːs, ljiʔ, *l'iʔ
知	*ʔl'e
蜘	*te
智	*ʔl'es
鼅	*te
潪	teɡs, deɡ
踟	*de
雉	*l'iʔ
矢	*hliʔ
痴	*l̥ʰɯ

Originally the same character as 知, used interchangeably. In oracle bone inscriptions, ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 大 (“adult”) + 口 (“mouth”) + 子 (“child”) – to transmit knowledge. In western Zhou bronze inscriptions, 甘 started being added. As time went by, 子 corrupted into 于, 大 into 矢 (OC *hliʔ), and 甘 into 白, giving rise to the form seen in the Shuowen Jiezi (𥏼). The component 于 was dropped around the Western Han, arriving at the modern form.

Now a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔl'es) : phonetic 知 (OC *ʔl'e) + semantic 日.

Etymology

Exopassive of 知 (OC *ʔl'e, “to know”), literally “what is known > knowledge”.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhì (zhi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zi³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): zi¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳ

(Meixian, Guangdong): zi⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): dé
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tì

(Teochew, Peng'im): di³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsy; ¹tsy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhì
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhìh
  - Wade–Giles: chih⁴
  - Yale: jr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
  - Palladius: чжи (čži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zi³
  - Yale: ji
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: zi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: zii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dé
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛi²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tì
  - Tâi-lô: tì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ti²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ti⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ti²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ti¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ti²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: di³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tì
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti²¹³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsy; ¹tsy
  - MiniDict: tsy^去; tsy^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsr; ¹tsr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩³⁴/, /t͡sz̩⁵³/

Middle Chinese: trjeH

Rime
Character	智
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	知義切
Baxter	trjeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈˠiᴇ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈᵚiɛ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiɛ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈjiə̆^H/
Li Rong	/ȶje^H/
Wang Li	/ȶǐe^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶie̯^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tre-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔl'es/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	智
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhì
Middle Chinese	‹ trje^H ›
Old Chinese	/*tre-s/
English	knowledge
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	智
Reading #	1/1
No.	11497
Phonetic component	矢
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	智
Old Chinese	/*ʔl'es/

Definitions

智

wisdom; knowledge; intelligence
智慧 ― zhìhuì ― wisdom

智力 ― zhìlì ― intelligence
wise; informed; intelligent; astute
a surname

Compounds

References

“智”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

智

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ち (chi)
Kan-on: ち (chi)
Nanori: あきら (akira)、さと (sato)、さとい (satoi)、さとし (satoshi)、さとる (satoru)、じ (ji)、とし (toshi)、とみ (tomi)、とも (tomo)、のり (nori)、ひと (hito)、もと (moto)、よも (yomo)

Compounds

Proper noun

智(さとし) • (Satoshi)

a male given name

Usage notes

In modern Japanese, 智 is mostly replaced by 知, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.

Japanese terms with 智 replaced by daiyōji 知

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕi]
Phonetic hangul: [지]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

智

Wikisource

智 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

Vietnamese

Han character

智: Hán Nôm readings: trí

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