In Gothic architecture, a wimperg is a gable-like crowning over portals and windows[1] and is also called an ornamental gable. Outside of immediate architecture, the wimperg is also found as a motif in Gothic carving.[2]
Etymology
editThe word has been documented in German since the 10th century (Old High German wintberga, Middle High German wintberge). The original meaning was "that which protects against the wind, conceals [birgt in German]". What was originally meant were gable parts that protrude above the roof.[3] In this context, Wintberge is also found in older sources in the meaning "merlon" ([3] mentions Middle High German wintburgelin "merlon"), occasionally also "Wimperg" as "tooth-like top extension to the parapet wall of a battlement".[4]
Forms
editThe wimperg is considered an architectural element which, as an ornamental gable, reinforces the Gothic style's drive for height.[4] It can be flanked, framed or even occupied by pinnacles. The gable slopes of the wimperg were often framed or occupied with crockets. Its gable peak is often executed as a gable flower,[5] for example as a cruciform ornament. In German, the name Frauenschuh ("women's shoe") has been handed down for wimpergs with a tip that overhangs to the front.[5] The gable field may be left plain, but it is often filled with pre-faced or openwork tracery.[4]
Heraldry
editThe wimperg has also made it into some coats of arms as part of a heraldic figure. Predominantly, the architectural object is used to place a coat of arms in the free space under the legs for filling and ornamentation. For heraldry, it is more important that it is represented in the coat of arms. The building part in the coat of arms is mentioned in the blazon and should then also be appropriately acknowledged by the coat of arms' painter. A good example is the coat of arms of the town of Kamenz. Here, according to the description of the coat of arms, there is a golden wimperg decorated with crockets on a golden battlement wall. Often the wimperg is described as a "triangular gable", and it does not always have to be flanked by crockets or have a finial on top. The number of coats of arms with a wimperg remains manageable. In the description of the coat of arms of Fehrbellin before 1993, one could read of the quatrefoil in the wimperg.[6]
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Kamenz
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Fehrbellin
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References
edit- ^ Baumgart, Fritz (1977). DuMont's kleines Sachlexikon der Architektur (in German). Köln.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Toman, Rolf, ed. (1998). Die Kunst der Gotik (in German). Köln. p. 506.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b Kluge Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache (in German) (24th ed.). 2002.
- ^ a b c Koch, Wilfried (2006). Baustilkunde (in German) (27th ed.). Gütersloh/München.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b Wasmuth, Günther, ed. (1929–1932). Wasmuths Lexikon der Baukunst (in German). Berlin.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Machatscheck, Heinz; Blaschke, Karlheinz; Kehrer, Gerhard (1979). Lexikon Städte und Wappen der DDR (in German). Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie.