Petro Fedorovych Bolbochan[a] (5 October [O.S. 17 October] 1883 – 28 June 1919) was a Ukrainian military figure of Moldovan descent who was a colonel of the Ukrainian People's Army. He was the leader of Ukrainian forces in the 1918 Crimea Operation against the Bolsheviks, leading to the establishment of Ukrainian government on the peninsula and the transfer of the Black Sea Fleet to Ukraine.[1] From November 1918 to January 1919, Bolbochan headed the Defense of Northeastern Ukraine.[2][3]
Petro Bolbochan | |
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| Native name | Петро Федорович Болбочан |
| Born | 5 October 1883 Yarivka, Bessarabia Governorate, Russian Empire (now Ukraine) |
| Died | 28 June 1919 (aged 35) Balyn, Ukrainian People's Republic |
| Allegiance | Ukrainian People's Republic |
| Service | Ukrainian People's Army |
| Years of service | 1918–1919 |
| Commands |
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| Battles / wars | |
Early life and career
editPetro Fedorovych Bolbochan was born on 5 October 1883[1] in the village of Yarivka (Romanian: Hâjdeul de Sus), in the Bessarabia Governorate of the Russian Empire (now in the Chernivtsi Oblast of Ukraine) in the family of a Moldovan Orthodox priest, Fedir Oleksiyovych Bolbochan. Fedir, also from the family of a priest, was born in the village of Lipnik, in the Bessarabia Governorate.[4]
In 1905, he graduated from the Chișinău Theological Seminary. In 1909, he graduated from the Chuhuiv Infantry Junker School. During the First World War, he was an officer of the 38th Tobolsk Regiment.
Ukrainian People's Army
editAfter the Russian Revolution, Bolbochan actively began organizing Ukrainian military units and helped form the 1st Bohdan Khmelnytsky Ukrainian Regiment from Russian army units.[5][1] On 22 November 1917, Bolbochan was appointed commander of the regiment. In early December 1918 the 1st Ukrainian Regiment was liquidated by order of the Bolsheviks.[1] Despite Bolbochan's resistance, the regiment was disarmed and the barracks blown up, killing a number of soldiers.[1] In January 1918 Bolbochan created a new military formation that became the 2nd Zaporizhzhia infantry group, later regiment.[1] On 2 March 1918, the 2nd Zaporizhzhia Regiment, led by Bolbochan, was the first to enter Kyiv, ahead of the Imperial German Army, and took control of the city without Bolshevik resistance.[1] The Zaporozhzhians then took control of Hrebinka, Lubny, Romodan, and Poltava.[1]
From November 1918 to January 1919, Bolbochan headed the Defense of Northeastern Ukraine.[1]
Bolbochan was arrested for criticizing the inconsistent policies of the Ukrainian People's Republic government, convicted by a court-martial, and shot.[1] At the time of sentencing, he was 35 years old.[1]
A bust of Bolbochan was unveiled on the Petro Bolbochan Square at 86 Sichovykh Striltsiv Street in Kyiv's Shevchenkivskyi District on 5 October 2020.[1] This is the first monumental sculpture in his honor in Ukraine and the world.[1]
Legacy
editThe 3rd Operational Brigade (Ukraine) is given his honorary name to honor his legacy.
Notes
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m (in Ukrainian) The world's first monument to Colonel of the UPR Army Bolbochan was unveiled in Kyiv, The Ukrainian Week (5 October 2020)
- ^ "5 жовтня – день народження Петра Болбочана, героя боїв за Україну 1917-1921 років, визволителя Криму від більшовиків". armyinform.com.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 24 November 2020.
- ^ "Полковник армії УНР Петро Болбочан: жертва інтриг чи претендент у диктатори?". Радіо Свобода (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 24 November 2020.
- ^ Клірова відомість с.Гиждева (in Russian). 1886.
- ^ "Petro Bolbochan | Ivano-Frankivsk - city of heroes". Petro Bolbochan | Ivano-Frankivsk - city of heroes. Retrieved 26 November 2020.