The monarchs of Haiti (French: monarques d'Haïti, Haitian Creole: Monak Ayiti) were the heads of state and rulers of Haiti on three non-consecutive occasions in the 19th century.
| Monarchy of Haiti | |
|---|---|
Imperial | |
 | |
 Faustin I | |
| Details | |
| Style | His Royal Majesty His Imperial Majesty |
| First monarch | Jacques I (as Emperor) |
| Last monarch | Faustin I (as Emperor) |
| Formation | 2 September 1804 |
| Abolition | 15 January 1859 |
| Appointer | Elective[a] Hereditary |
With complete independence achieved from France in 1804, Haiti became an independent monarchy—the First Empire of Haiti (1804–1806). Haiti reverted to a monarchy in the 1810s, during the Kingdom of Haiti (1811–1820). Haiti reverted for a third and final time to a monarchy during the Second Empire of Haiti (1849–1859).
The period known as the Duvalier dynasty (1957–1986), despite the misleading name, is not a period of monarchy but of an authoritarian family dictatorship.
First Empire of Haiti (1804–1806)
edit| Portrait | Coat of arms | Name | Emperor from | Emperor until | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jacques I | 2 September 1804 | 17 October 1806 | Emperor of Haiti (Empereur d'Haïti) |
Kingdom of Haiti (1811–1820)
edit| Portrait | Coat of arms | Name | King from | King until | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry I | 28 March 1811 | 8 October 1820 | King of Haiti (Roi d'Haïti) | ||
| Henry II | 8 October 1820 | 18 October 1820 | (Unproclaimed) King of Haiti (Roi d'Haïti) |
Second Empire of Haiti (1849–1859)
edit| Portrait | Coat of arms | Name | Emperor from | Emperor until | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faustin I | 25 August 1849 | 15 January 1859 | Emperor of Haiti (Empereur d'Haïti) |
Kingdom of La Gonâve
edit| Portrait | Coat of arms | Name | King from | King until | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ti Memenne[1][2] | Queen of La Gonâve (Reine de La Gonâve) | ||||
| Faustin II[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] | 18 July 1926 | 1929 | King of La Gonâve (Roi de La Gonâve) |
Timeline
editSee also
editNotes
edit- ^ During the First Empire of Haiti.
References
edit- ^ a b "Cambridge Sentinel 26 February 1944 – Cambridge Public Library's Historic Cambridge Newspaper Collection". cambridge.dlconsulting.com.
- ^ a b S.A, Wirtualna Polska Media (23 April 2014). "Sierżant Faustin Wirkus, cesarz La Gonave". opinie.wp.pl.
- ^ "That time a Marine was crowned king of a voodoo island in Haiti". 5 February 2020.
- ^ Wirkus, Faustin E.; Dudley, Taney; Introduction by William E. Seabrook (2015) [1931]. The White King of La Gonâve: The True Story of the Sergeant of Marines Who Was Crowned King on a Voodoo Island (Ishi Press ed.). New York: Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc. p. 333. ISBN 978-4871872393.
- ^ "Department of the Navy – Naval Historical Society". Archived from the original on 8 July 2010.
- ^ "The Winnipeg Tribune". Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 25 April 1931. p. 45 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Wallace, Amy; Jane Farrow; IRA Basen (November 2005). "9 Ordinary men who became king (#9)". The Book of Lists, the Canadian Edition: The Original Compendium of Curious Information. Knopf Canada. p. 273. ISBN 0-676-97720-0.