The Kharkai River is a river in eastern India. It is one of the major tributaries of the Subarnarekha River. It flows through Adityapur region of Jamshedpur.
| Kharkai River | |
|---|---|
 Bridge over Kharkai river | |
 | |
| Location | |
| Country | India |
| State | Odisha, Jharkhand |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Simlipal Massif, India |
| • coordinates | 22°4′N 86°23′E / 22.067°N 86.383°E |
| • elevation | 928 m (3,045 ft) |
| Mouth | |
• location | Subarnarekha River, India |
• coordinates | 22°50′15″N 86°9′37″E / 22.83750°N 86.16028°E |
• elevation | 134 m (440 ft) |
It arises in Mayurbhanj district, Odisha, on the north slopes of Darbarmela Parbat and the western slopes of Tungru Pahar,[1] of the Simlipal Massif.[2] It flows past Rairangpur and heads north to about Saraikela[3] and then east, entering the Subarnarekha in northwestern Jamshedpur. Its tributaries in Orissa include the Kardkai, on the left; the Kandria, Nusa and Barhai on the right; and the Karanjia on the left.[1] For about 9 kilometres (6 mi) below the junction with the Karanjia, the Kharkai forms the boundary between Odisha and Jharkhand State.[1] After entering Jharkhand, its tributaries include the Torlo and Ili Gara on the left.[1] Its last major tributary is the Sanjai,[4] entering from the left, 17 kilometres (11 mi), as the river flows, above its mouth.[1]
The valley of the lower Kharkai is quite wide and rice is the primary crop.[4] Iron ore is mined in the mountains of the headwaters of the Kharkai, and there is a steel plant at Jamshedpur.[3] The Kharkai Dam is located at Ichha, Odisha.[5]
Name
editSome think that Kharkāi is derived from the Sanskrit word Kharakāyā meaning "fast flowing river" (khara means "fast" and kāyā means "body").[citation needed]
Notes
edit- ^ a b c d e Jamshedpur quadrandle, NF-45-6, October 1959, India and Pakistan 1:250,000, Series U502, U.S. Army Map Service
- ^ "Himalaya and Ganges Plain" Plate 30 The Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World (2008 edition) Times Books, London, ISBN 978-0-00-723670-1
- ^ a b Karan, Pradyumna P. (July 1953) "Economic Regions of Chota Nagpur, Bihar, India" Economic Geography 29(3): pp. 216-250, page 236
- ^ a b Karan, Pradyumna P. (July 1953) "Economic Regions of Chota Nagpur, Bihar, India" Economic Geography 29(3): pp. 216-250, page 248
- ^ Gupta, Amit and Majumdar, Pinaki (19 June 2008) "Record rain in steel city, flash floods in districts" The Telegraph (Calcutta, India)
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